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BDS1 > Senses and perception > Flashcards

Senses and perception Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two branches of a sensory neuron?

A

Periphery branch
CNS branch

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2
Q

What is a nociceptor?

A

Pain receptor

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3
Q

What does the distribution of receptor endings define?

A

A neurons receptive field

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4
Q

Where will you find small and large receptive fields?

A

Small in the periphery and large in the trunk

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5
Q

What is the normal typical resting potential?

A

-70mV

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6
Q

What are ionotropic receptors?

A

Fast kinetics
Ion channels that open in response to the binding of a neurotransmitters

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7
Q

What is found on the extracellular side of a ionotropic chemoreceptors?

A

Ligand binding sites

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8
Q

How does a G protein coupled chemoreceptor work?

A

Much slower rate of action
Ligand binding site, which trigger G protein to open Ion channel

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9
Q

What does the intensity of the stimulus code for?

A

AP frequency
Number of neurons activated

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10
Q

What is the duration of the stimulus coded by?

A

Real time duration of AP firing

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11
Q

What is a slowly adapting response?

A

Large no of APS at the start of stimulus and less at the end

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12
Q

What is a rapidly adapting response?

A

Rapid APs at the onset of the stimulus and then becomes silent

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13
Q

Where is the primary sensory cortex?

A

The middle of brain behind primary motor cortex

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14
Q

Why is the sensory homunculus distorted body map?

A

The larger regions of the body have larger receptor fields so don’t require as much of the cortex, the smaller areas such as fingertips have numerous receptor fields so require a larger cortical representation

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15
Q

What type of nerve endings do nociceptors have?

A

Free nerve endings

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16
Q

What are some different examples of mechanoreceptor endings in skin?

A

Merkel Disk
Hair follicle receptor
Ruffini ending

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17
Q

What does a peripheral nerve contain?

A

Axons from two functionally distinct types of nerve cells

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18
Q

What can sensory and motor neurons be known as?

A

Sensory - Afferent
Motor - Efferent

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19
Q

What are large bundles of axons called?

A

Fascicle

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20
Q

What strong connective tissue surrounds groups of axons?

A

Epineurium

21
Q

What surround an individual fascicle?

A

Perineurium

22
Q

Why are blood vessels found in peripheral nerves?

A

Supply nutrients for AP’s, requires O2 and Glucose and also removed bi-products

23
Q

What are the 2 types of axons in a peripheral nerve?

A

Myelinated
Unmyelinated

24
Q

What type of receptors usually have A ALPHA type of myelinated axon?

A

Proprioceptors of skeletal muscle
High speed AP

25
Q

What type of receptors are associated with A BETA myelinated axons?

A

Mechanoreceptors of skin

26
Q

What type of receptors are associated with A DELTA myelinated axons?

A

Pain and temperature

27
Q

What type of receptors are associated with C class myelinated axons?

A

Temperature, pain and itch

28
Q

What are the three sections of grey matter?

A

Dorsal horn
Intermediate horn
Ventral horn

29
Q

Where are motor neurons cell bodies found?

A

Inside ventral horn

30
Q

Dorsal roots enter Ventral roots exit!!!!

31
Q

What is a dermatome map?

A

Sensory neurons projecting to different segments of the spinal chord

32
Q

What is a myotome map?

A

Map to show which segment of the spine innervates each motor neuron

33
Q

What components of the Trigeminal nerve V are sensory?

A

Ophthalmic branch
Maxillary nerve

34
Q

What branch of the trigeminal nerve has both sensory and motor functions?

A

Mandibular

35
Q

What is mechanoreception?

A

Reception of touch

36
Q

What is nociception?

A

Reception of pain

37
Q

What are the three main neurons in the sensory pathway?

A

Primary sensory neuron
Secondary sensory neuron
Tertiary sensory neuron

38
Q

Where would you find the primary sensory neuron?

A

The periphery and terminals in the CNS

39
Q

Where would you find the secondary sensory neurons?

A

Spinal chord or brain stem

40
Q

The secondary sensory neuron relays information to where?

A

The other side of the body

41
Q

DRAW THE DORSAL COLUMN-MEDIAL LEMNISCAL PATHWAY

42
Q

What is the somatic mechanosensation around the face conducted by??

A

Trigeminal nerve

43
Q

DRAW POSTERIOR (DORSAL) TRIGEMINOTHALAMIC PATHWAY

44
Q

DRAW SPINOTHALAMIC PATHWAY (pain)

45
Q

DRAW ANTERIOR (ventral) TRIGEMINOTHALAMIC PATHWAY

46
Q

What is sensation?

A

The process of sensing our environment by activation of sensory receptors

47
Q

What is perception

A

The interpretation of sensory input

48
Q

What is stereognosis?

A

The mental perception of objects referenced by touch stimuli

49
Q

What is proprioception?

A

The ability to sense of self movement and body position

BDS1 (43 decks)

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