thigh muscles Flashcards
1
Q
the thigh muscles are divided into compartments by?
A
intermuscular septa from deep fascia attached to the femur
2
Q
what muscles divides the thigh muscles into upper and lower parts?
A
sartorious
3
Q
upper part muscle?
A
pectinues, illopsoas ( illiacus and psoas major)
4
Q
sartorious origin
A
anterior superior illiac spine
5
Q
sartorious insertion
A
upper medial surface of tibia
6
Q
nerve supply for sartorious
A
femoral nerve
7
Q
action of sartorious
A
flexes and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint, fkexion of the knee joint
8
Q
psoa major origin
A
12 thoracic vertebra and 5 lumbar vertebra
9
Q
psoas major insertion
A
lesser trochantar of femur
10
Q
psoas major nerve supply
A
lumbar plexus
11
Q
psoas major action
A
flexes the thigh on the trunk when the thigh is fixed and fkexes teh trunk on the thigh when sitting up from laying down
12
Q
iliacus origin
A
illiac fossa of the hip bone
13
Q
iliacus insertion
A
lesser trochanter of femur
14
Q
iliacus nerve supply
A
femoral nerve
15
Q
iliacus action
A
flexes the thigh on the trunk when the thigh is fixed and fkexes teh trunk on the thigh when sitting up from laying down
16
Q
pectenius muscle origin
A
superior ramus of pubic bone
17
Q
pectenius muscle instertion
A
upper shaft of femur medially
18
Q
pectenius nerve supply
A
femoral nerve
19
Q
pectenius action
A
flexes and adducts the thigh at the hip joint
20
Q
name the four quadriceps heads
A
rectus femoris , vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedias
21
Q
vastus intermedias is deep to what head?
A
rectus femoris
22
Q
nerve supply of quadriceps femoris
A
femoral nerve
23
Q
action of quadriceps femoris
A
extensor of the leg at the knee joint and rectus femoris is the flexor of the thigh at the hip joint
24
Q
rectus femoris straight head origin
A
anterior inferior illiac spine
25
rectus femoris reflected head origin
above the acetabulum
26
vastus medialis origin
medail lip of linea aspera of femur
27
vastus lateralis origin
lateral lip of linea asoera of femur
28
vastus intermedias origin
anterior and lateral surface of body of femur
29
insterion of quadriceps femoris
attached to the patella via ligamentum patallae to thetibial tiberosity
30
what branch teh largest of the lumbar plexus?
femoral nerve
31
root value of femoral nerve?
L2,3,4
32
describe the path of teh femoral nerve
it emerges from the lateral sideof psoas major muscle
lateral to the femoral artery
exits the femoral dheat behidn the inguinal ligament and it terminates by dividing into anterior and posterior divisions
33
what is teh saphenous nerve
it is a sensory nerve branch from the femoral nerve
34
the medial compartment muscles
adductor longus, brevis, magnus and obturator externus
35
nerve supply for medual compartment
obturator nerve
36
blood supply of medial compartment
profunda femoris artery and obturator artery
37
adductor longus is located ? to adductor brevis
located anterior
38
adductor brevis is located anteror to what muscle?
adductor magnus
39
adductor longus origin
body of pubic bone
40
adductor brevis origin
inferior ramus of pubic bone
41
insertion , nerve supply and action of adductor brevis and longus
medial lip of linea aspera of femur , obvturator nerve, adducts the thigh at the hip joint
42
adductor magnus has two heads what are they called?
medial muscles : adductor head
posterior muscles: ischial head
43
origin of adductor magnus
ischiopubic ramus
44
insertion of adductor magnus
mainly linea asoera and addcutor tubercle
45
nerve supplyo f adductor magnus
obturator and sciatic nerve
46
action of adductor magnus
adducts the thigh at the hip joint
47
gracilis origin
inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
48
gracilis insertion
upper part of shaft of tibia medially SGS
49
gracilis innervation
obturator
50
gracilis action
adducts the thigh at the hip joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint
51
obturator externus origin
outer surafce of obturator membrane , pubic and ischial rami
52
obturator externus insertion
greater trochantar of femur
53
obturator externus nerve supply
obturator nerve
54
action of obturator externus
laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint
55
obturator nerve root value
L2,3,4
56
obturator nerve imerges from?
medial border of psoas major muscle
57
a nerve plexus is
a network of anterior rami of spinal nerves
58
the priciple plexuses are
lumbar sacral cervical and brachial
59
lumbar plexus is
the left and righ lumbar plexus are formed from the naterior rami of L1-L4 spinal nerves
60
the lumbar plexus is ubdivded into
anterior and posterior divisions
61
the main nerve of the posterior division is
femoral nerve
62
thr main nerve of the anterior division is
obturator nerve
63
the 4 small nerve branches of the lumbar plexus
gentifemoral , lateral cutaneous nerve of tehthigh , illioinguineal , illo hypogastric
64
what side of psoas major msucle does the gentiofemoral nerve emerge from?
anterior
65
lateral side of psoas major muscle branches of lumbar plexus
femoral , gnetiofemoral, illioinguninal , illio hypogastric
66
medial posaos major mycle nerve
obturator nerve
67
gentio fermoarl nerve description
arises from the anterior rami of L1 and L2 and emerges from the anterior surface of psoas major muscle eventually dividing into gential and femoral branches
68
lateral cutaneous nerve description
arises from L2,3
emerges from teh lateral border of psaos major muscle and it enters the thigh by passing posteriorly to the inguinal ligament and it supplies the skin on the anterior adnd lateral surface of the thigh till the level of the knee
69
sacral plexus description
it is formed by the union of the lumbosacral trunk of the anterior primary rami of S 1,2,3 and the upper part of S4 in the pelvis infront of sacrum and the anterior rami of L4,5
70
what region does the sacral plexus supply?
the leg , foot and the posterior compartment of the thigh and the gluteaul region
71
the branches of sacral plexus
posterior cutaneous nerv eof t eh thigh
sciatic nerve
inferior gluteaul nerve
and superior gluteul nerve
pudendal nerve
nerve to obturator internus
nerve to quadratis frmoris
72
femoral traingle description
a traingular depressed area in teh upper medial aspect of the thigh immediatly below the inguinal ligament
73
apex of femoral traingle
it is directed downwards and itsis at the meeting point o f sartorious and addcutor longus
74
floor of femoral traingle
it is gutter shaped
from lateral to medial
illposoas muscle , pectinues muscle and adductor longus
75
superior boundary of femoral traingle
the inguinal ligament ( the base of the triangle)
76
lateral border of femoral traingle
medial border of sartorious
77
medial border of femoral traingle
medial border of adductor longus
78
roof of femoral trangle
skin , superficial and deep fascia taht contain the saphenpous opening ( a rounded openng in the fascia covering the thigh)
79
contents of teh femoral traingle
femoral nerve and its branches femoral artery and its brancjes , femoral veins and its tributaries, deeep inguinal lymph nodes and lateral cutanueous nerve of teh thigh
80
description of femoral sheath
it is a fascia thats surrondeds the femoral arteyr , vein and lymphatuc vessels in the femoral triangle for 2.5 cm below teh inguinal lgament
81
the femoral sheath is formed by
the downward extension of the abdomiunal fascia
82
what divides teh femoral sheath into 3 compartments?
two septa
83
lateral compartment of femoral sheath
femoral artery and the femoral branch of genti femoral nerve
84
medial compartment of the femoral sheath
occupied by lymph vessels and also called teh femoral canal
85
intermediate compartment of femoral sheath
contains the femoral vein
86
adductor canal description
it is an intermuscylar cleft located in teh medial aspect of the middle third of the thigh below the sartorious muscle
it starts at the apex of the femoral triangle and ends at the adductor hiatus
87
adductor canal contents
the terminal part of femoral arteyr
the femoral vein
deep lymph vessels
the sapphenous nerve
the terminal part of obturator nerve
the berve to vastus medialis
88
femoral arteyr description
it enters the thigh behind teh inguinal ligament as a continuation of the external illiac artery
it lies midway between the anterior superior illiac spine and the ysmphysis pubis ( midinguinal point)
as it continues down it lies superficial in the upper haldf in the femoral traingle and while in the lower half it becomes deep in the adductor canal
89
the femoral triangle ends at the opening of the ?
adductor hiatus
90
femoral artery after it ends
it enters teh popliteial space as the popliteal artery
91
femoral artery formation
the abdominal arteyr divides into left and right common illiac arteries at the level of L 4 and each common artery divides into external and internal illoac arteries and evry external illiac artery becomes a femoral artery
92
femoral artery journery down the leg
The fomral artery begins at the midiguinal point below inguinal ligament and at the opening in the adductor magnus muscle it becomes THE POPLITEAL ARTERY
The popliteal artery
Ends at the lower border of the popliteus muscle by dividing into
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR TIBIAL
ARTERIES
The anterior tibial artery supplies
the anterior compartment of the leg and terminates
in front of the ankle joint by becoming
THE DORSALIS PEDIS ARTERY
The posterior tibial artery supplies the posterior
and the lateral compartments of the leg
ends deep to the flexor retinaculum by dividing
Into
MEDIAL AND LATERAL PLANTER ARTERIES
