brain Flashcards
the fissure that seperates the cerebral hemispheres is called
median longitudinal cerebral fissure
cerebral hemispheres consists of
outer grey matter
white matter
inner grey matter ( basal nuclei)
lateral ventricle
what are teh 3 surfaces of each cerebral hemispheres
medial , inferior , superolateral
cerebral hemispheres general appearnce
gyri folds
sulci and fissures
to increase the surfacd area
lobes of each cerebral hemisphere
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
central sulcus (main sulci)
betwee the frontal and parital lobes
it seperates teh primary motor cortex ( pre central gyrus) and teh primary somatosensory cortex ( post central gyrus)
parietooccipital sulcus
divides teh occipial and parital
lateral sulcus
divides teh temporal form the frontal and pariteal
calcrine sulcus
reaches teh occipital pole
cingulate gyrus journey
begins beneath teh anterior part of corpus callosum and contionues above it until it reaches its posteriro end
the cingulate gyrus lies between
callosal sulcus and teh cingulate sulcus
broadmann has how many regions
52
the three functional areas of the cortex
sensory, motot and asscoiation
sensory area description
primary sensory area ( post central gyrius)
secondary sensory area
motor area description
primary motor area ( precentral gyrus)
seconadary motor area ,supplementary motor area
association areas description
integrate information
sensatuons and relate to past experience
brain sends nerve impusles to motor areas to ellicit a response
frontal lobe functional areas
primary motor area, premotor area, frontal visual field, motor area of broca, prefrontal cortex
primary motor area descriotion
broadmans area number 4 , occupies teh precentral gyrus and functions in excecuting motor movement
premotor area descriptiom
broadmans area number 6 function skillful ovemnt or programming of movement
frontal eye field d
broadman area no 8
volunatry movemnet of the eye like scanning independent of visual stimuli
prefrontal cortex
indivuals personality and deep feeling
motor area of broca
broadmans area no 44 45
speech production
pariteal lobe functional aeas
primary ans secobdary somatosensory area the somesthetic association area
primary somatosensory area
broadman area 3,1,2, postcentral gyrus
somatic senstaion
secondary somatosensory area
recognizes tactile object and memory
somatoesthetic association area
broadman area 5 ,7
it relates objects to past sensory experinces
the body representation in teh motor cortex is charecterized by
contralatwral, proportional, inverted
occipital lobe functional area
primary and secondary visual area
primary visual area
broadmadn area 17
visual stimuli recognition
secondary visual area
broadman area 18,19
surronds teh primary visual area
it allows us to recognize objects , faces based on the colr size and shape
temporal lobe functional areas
primary and secondaru auidotory area and sensory speech area of wernickes
primary audiotory area
broadmand area no 41,42
anteriro part low frequency sounds
posterior part high frequency sounds
functiosn awarenessof audiotory stimuli
seconadry audiotyory area
broadmadn area 22
interperetation of sounds with other sensory info
sensory speech area of wernickes
brioadman area 22,39,40
understanding of the written and spoken language
enables you to read a sentence , undertand it and read it out loud
the taste area
situated in teh adjoining area of teh insula
broadman area 43
expressive aphasia
destructive lesion to the brocas area
pateient in able to understand but unable to respond
receptive aphasia
destructive lesion to the wernickes area
patient is unable to understand but able to respond
global aphasia
destructive lesiosn to both speech areas
disorders of association areas
aphasia , agnoisia, apraxia
agnosia
in ability to recognize and identify objects using one or more of the senses
tactile agnoisa is also called
asterognosis
apraxia
the inability to excute volunatry motor movement despite being able to demostrate normal motor function
fibers of the white nmatter of the cerberal hemispheres
association prohjecrion amd commisurral
commissural fibers
commissural fibers : connect 2 similar areas in the hemispheres
like the corpus callousum
projection fibers example
internal capsule
corpus callosum
the larghest commisure in the brain
connects teh two hemispheres
at teh bottom of the longtitudinal fissure
divdes into
body, genu, rostrum, splenium, septum pellucidum
projection fibers journey
passing to and from the brainstem to the entire cerebral cortex
internal capsule division
anteriro an dposteriro limb and genu
