basal ganglia , thalamus and the limbic system Flashcards
the basal nuceli is located what to the thalmus
lateral
the masses of the basal nuclei
corpus striatum : caudate and lentiform
lentiform: globus pallidus, putamen
amygdaloid nucels , claustrum
the corpus striatum is divided by the
internal capsule : lentiform and caudate
caudate nucleus description
large c shaped nucleus of gray matter
conisists of head body and a tail
lentiform nucleus
gray matter buried deep within the white matter of the cerebral hemispeheres
putamen nucleus: darker lateral portion
globus pallidus inner lighter portion
functions of basal ganglia
assisst in the regulation of volunatray motor movement and in learning motor skills
control complex patterns of movemnt
parkinsonism disease
degeneration of dopamine producing cells , substania n depletion of dopamine in the striatum
symptoms of parkinsons disease
hypokinetic, brady kineasia, hypertonia, slurred speech, mask like face, rigdity, resting tremor, postural distrubance , no loss of sensory or motor function
huntingtons disease
hereditary disease
due to teh degeneration of the caudate and the putamen nucelus , produces dance liek movements of the face and limbs - choreoathetosis
signs and symptoms of huntingtons disease
progressiev dementia: lossof memory and intellectual capacity
choreiform movements
computed tomography scans show what about the huntingtins diseade
shpw enlarged lateral ventricles due to the degeneration of the caudate nuclei
the diencepholon divisions
epi, hypo,sub and thalamus
thalmus
large ovoid grey matetr of nuclei
has many nuceli
forms most of the diencepholon
medial geniculate
fporms part of the audiotory pathway
lateral geniculate
forms part of the visual pathway ( visual info from the pposite field of vision)
thalmus fucntion
acts as a relay and integretive center
relays info to all part s of he cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, andhypothalmus and braibnstem
hypothalmus is located
under teh thalmus
the hypothalmus ia apart of what system
the limbic system
what gland is attached to the hypothalmus
pituatry
the hypothalmus is imprtant center for what nervous system
ans
hypothalmus function
control water balance, regulate body temp and metabolisim
the epithalmus consists of the
pineal gland and hebenular nuclei
the pineal gland descriptuon
the size of a small pea
secretes melatonin
habenular nuclei function
ionvolved in olfaction
emotional responses to odors
the structures involved in teh limbic system
amygdala , hippocampus, thalmus, hypo thalamus, basal gamglia, cingulate gyrud
function of the limbic system
involved in behaviourala nd emotiobnal responses especially ones where we need for survival
like feeding memory fighting
functiosn of teh limbic system 2
instict ( hypothalmus)
memory ( hippocampus)
emotions ( amygdala hippo, prefrontal cortex, septal areas
lesion to the hippocampus results in
anterograde amneisa
someoen is unale to form long term memory but memory befrie teh acciddent is unafected
what area will be damaged first with alzheimers disease
hippocampus
meninges
dura pia archanoid
dura matter description
double layered ecternal covering
periosteum: attached to teh surface of teh skull
meningeal layer : outer covering of the brain( corresponds psinal dura matter)
two lateral ventricles location
one in each cerebral hemishperes
third ventricle location
narrow slit like cavity located between teh right and left halves of teh thalmus
fourth ventricle location
between the brainstem and cerebellum
interventricular formina location
opening between tehtwo laterla ventrciles and teh third ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
the csf passes from the third ventircle through the midbrain to thefourth ventricle
how does tehcsf get ibnto teh subarcahnoid space ??
csf reaches teh fourth ventricles and enters the subarachnoid space through three openings on teh roof of the fourth ventricle
median aperture and paired lateral aperture
csf is formed and secreted by the
choroid plexus ( a network of blood capillarees located in teh walls of each ventricle)
