lung

Question 1

apex and base of the lung

Answer 1

apex above the clavicel
base sits on teh diaphragm

Question 2

the lung has two surfaces

Answer 2

costal and mediastinal that contains the hiulm of the lung

Question 3

the lungs borders

Answer 3

inferior border that seperates the base from the costal surface
the anterior border and posterior border sepoerate the costal surface from the medial surface

Question 4

the pulmonary ligament is composed of the

Answer 4

parital and visceral pleurae

Question 5

structures in the lung hilum

Answer 5

main bronchus posteriroly , pulmoary artey and two pulmonary veins lymphatics and nerves

Question 6

right lung charectristics

Answer 6

slightly larger and more superiorly located
has three lobes and two fissures

Question 7

oblique fissure of the right lung

Answer 7

runs from theinferiro border backward and upward until it reaches teh posteriro border 2.5 in below the apex

Question 8

horizantal fissure of teh right lung

Answer 8

runs horizantally at the level of teh midaxillary line at thelevel of the 4th cc until it meets with teh oblique fissure of the midaxillary line

Question 9

left lung description

Answer 9

smaller than the right lung
contains a carotid notch that accomadtes the heart and has two lobes seperated by an oblique fissure

Question 10

trachea descripotiom

Answer 10

A flexible tube also called
windpipe.
* Extends through the mediastinum
and lies anterior to the esophagus
and inferior to the larynx (Starts at
C6).
* Anterior and lateral walls of the
trachea supported by 15 to 20 Cshaped tracheal cartilages.
* Cartilage rings reinforce and
provide rigidity to the tracheal wall
to ensure that the trachea remains
open at all times
* Posterior part of tube lined by
trachealis muscle

Question 11

trachea anteriorly

Answer 11

The sternum, thymus, left
brachiocephalic vein, brachiocephalic and left
common carotid arteries, and the arch of the
aorta

Question 12

trachea posteriorly

Answer 12

esophagus and left recurrent
laryngeal nerve

Question 13

trachea right side contents

Answer 13

The azygos vein, the right vagus
nerve, and the pleura

Question 14

trachea left side contents

Answer 14

The arch of the aorta, the left
common carotid and left subclavian arteries,
the left vagus and left phrenic nerves, and the
pleura

Question 15

trachea blood supply

Answer 15

upper 2/3 from inferiro thyroid lower 1/3 from the bronchial arteries

Question 16

tracheal innervation

Answer 16

vagi and recurrent laryngeal nerves

Question 17

bronchial tree

Answer 17

They further divide into tertiary
bronchi.
⚫ Each tertiary bronchus is called a
segmental bronchus because it
supplies a part of the lung called a
bronchopulmonary segment.
⚫ Most of the tubing in the lungs
makes up conduction zone
⚫ Consists of nasal cavity to
terminal bronchioles
⚫ The respiratory zone is where
gas is exchanged
⚫ Consists of alveoli, alveolar
sacs, alveolar ducts and
respiratory bronchioles

Question 18

bronchial tree

Answer 18

trachea, primary bronchi, secobdary lobar bronchi, teritary segmental bronchi, bronchioles, conducting bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles

Question 19

bronchopulmonary segemnts

Answer 19

10 segments in each lung
* Surrounded by connective
tissue
* Segmental bronchus is
accompanied by a branch
of the pulmonary artery
* Tributaries of the
pulmonary veins run in the
connective tissue

Question 20

parietal pleura names

Answer 20

cervical, costal , diaphragmetic, mediastinal

Question 21

lung recesss

Answer 21

cosotodiaphramagtic, costo mediastinal

Question 22

pariteal pleura is sensitive to what sensatiosn

Answer 22

common sensations

Question 23

pariteal pleura nerve suppply

Answer 23

costal: intercostal nerves
mediastinal: phrenic nerve
diaphragmetic
domes Lphrenic
peripheral lower six intercostal nerves

Question 24

visceral pleura is sensitive to ehat senstaion

Answer 24

stretch of the lung

Question 25

visceral pleura nerve

Answer 25

pulmonary plexus