lung Flashcards
apex and base of the lung
apex above the clavicel
base sits on teh diaphragm
the lung has two surfaces
costal and mediastinal that contains the hiulm of the lung
the lungs borders
inferior border that seperates the base from the costal surface
the anterior border and posterior border sepoerate the costal surface from the medial surface
the pulmonary ligament is composed of the
parital and visceral pleurae
structures in the lung hilum
main bronchus posteriroly , pulmoary artey and two pulmonary veins lymphatics and nerves
right lung charectristics
slightly larger and more superiorly located
has three lobes and two fissures
oblique fissure of the right lung
runs from theinferiro border backward and upward until it reaches teh posteriro border 2.5 in below the apex
horizantal fissure of teh right lung
runs horizantally at the level of teh midaxillary line at thelevel of the 4th cc until it meets with teh oblique fissure of the midaxillary line
left lung description
smaller than the right lung
contains a carotid notch that accomadtes the heart and has two lobes seperated by an oblique fissure
trachea descripotiom
A flexible tube also called
windpipe.
* Extends through the mediastinum
and lies anterior to the esophagus
and inferior to the larynx (Starts at
C6).
* Anterior and lateral walls of the
trachea supported by 15 to 20 Cshaped tracheal cartilages.
* Cartilage rings reinforce and
provide rigidity to the tracheal wall
to ensure that the trachea remains
open at all times
* Posterior part of tube lined by
trachealis muscle
trachea anteriorly
The sternum, thymus, left
brachiocephalic vein, brachiocephalic and left
common carotid arteries, and the arch of the
aorta
trachea posteriorly
esophagus and left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
trachea right side contents
The azygos vein, the right vagus
nerve, and the pleura
trachea left side contents
The arch of the aorta, the left
common carotid and left subclavian arteries,
the left vagus and left phrenic nerves, and the
pleura
trachea blood supply
upper 2/3 from inferiro thyroid lower 1/3 from the bronchial arteries
tracheal innervation
vagi and recurrent laryngeal nerves
bronchial tree
They further divide into tertiary
bronchi.
⚫ Each tertiary bronchus is called a
segmental bronchus because it
supplies a part of the lung called a
bronchopulmonary segment.
⚫ Most of the tubing in the lungs
makes up conduction zone
⚫ Consists of nasal cavity to
terminal bronchioles
⚫ The respiratory zone is where
gas is exchanged
⚫ Consists of alveoli, alveolar
sacs, alveolar ducts and
respiratory bronchioles
bronchial tree
trachea, primary bronchi, secobdary lobar bronchi, teritary segmental bronchi, bronchioles, conducting bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles
bronchopulmonary segemnts
10 segments in each lung
* Surrounded by connective
tissue
* Segmental bronchus is
accompanied by a branch
of the pulmonary artery
* Tributaries of the
pulmonary veins run in the
connective tissue
parietal pleura names
cervical, costal , diaphragmetic, mediastinal
lung recesss
cosotodiaphramagtic, costo mediastinal
pariteal pleura is sensitive to what sensatiosn
common sensations
pariteal pleura nerve suppply
costal: intercostal nerves
mediastinal: phrenic nerve
diaphragmetic
domes Lphrenic
peripheral lower six intercostal nerves
visceral pleura is sensitive to ehat senstaion
stretch of the lung
visceral pleura nerve
pulmonary plexus