The Thorax(and breathing) Flashcards
Where is the superior thoracic aperture?
At the root of the neck.
Where is the inferior thoracic aperture?
Closed by the diaphragm.
Name the structures of the thoracic cavity.
Jugular notch Sternum: Manubrium Body of the sternum. xiphoid process
What are true ribs?
First 7: have their own costal cartilage.
What are false ribs?
8 ,9, 10: Joins to the costal cartilage of their neighbour. Doesn’t link straight to the sternum.
What are floating ribs?
11, 12: Don’t join to costal cartilage/the sternum.
What is the structure of the diaphragm?
Musculotendinous.
What kind of muscle compromises the diaphragm?
Skeletal.
What nerve supplies the diaphragm?
The phrenic nerve.
What is anchored to the diaphragm?
The pericardial sac.
What does the diaphragm fold around?
The oesophagus and the inferior vena cava.
What sits posterior to the diaphragm? why?
The aorta.
Can’t have the aorta contracting alongside the diaphragm.
Where is the apex of the lung?
1 inch above the clavicle.
What are the lungs situated in?
Pleural cavities
What lung has 3 lobes?
The right
Name the fissures of the right lung?
Horizontal and oblique.
Why does the left lung only have 2 lobes?
Placement of the heart
Name the fissure of the left lung.
Oblique only.
Name the 2 impressions on the left lung.
Cardiac impression
Aortic impression.
Name the 2 layers of lung pleura.
Parietal (chest wall)
Visceral (directly on lung tissue)
What does the pulmonary ligament join?
The parietal and visceral pleura.
What is a costodiaphragmatic recess?
Space not filled by lung tissue, can fill with fluid.
Near the muscles of the diaphragm.
External intercostals: Elevates ribs.
Internal intercostals: Depresses ribs
What muscle depresses the last rib?
Quadrates lumborum
What is the neuromuscular bundle?
Intercostal vein, artery and nerve.
List some accessory muscles used in respiration.
Sternocleidomastoid: Raises the clavicle in strenuous breathing.
Pectorals major: Widems the thorax in strenuous breathing.
Scalene: Raises the first rib. in strenuous breathing.
