Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Name the 5th cranial nerve.
Trigeminal nerve
Name the 1st cranial nerve.
Olfactory nerve
Name the 8th cranial nerve.
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Name the 10th cranial nerve.
Vagus nerve
Name the 2nd cranial nerve.
Optic nerve
Name the 7th cranial nerve.
Facial nerve
Name the 9th cranial nerve.
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Name the 3rd cranial nerve.
Oculomotor nerve
Name the 4th cranial nerve.
Trochlear nerve
Name the 6th cranial nerve.
Abducents nerve
Name the 12th cranial nerve.
Hypoglossal nerve
Name the 11th cranial nerve.
Spinal accessory nerve.
What 3 motor nerves are grouped together to provide eye muscle movement?
3,4&6.
Oculomotor, Trochlear and abducent.
What nerve is the branchial motor a component of?
The vagus nerve. CN: 10
What are special sensations?
Taste, smell and vision.
What kind of nerve is the olfactory nerve? (sensory, motor, special)
Special sensory for smell.
What are the only nerves that can regenerate?
Olfactory nerves.
What is anosmia?
Can’t smell
What kind of nerve is the optic nerve?
Special sensory for vision.
What is an optic chiasm?
Where the optic nerves partially cross over.
What feature of the optic nerve is important in detecting brain tumours?
Optic nerve is a direct extension from the brain, a bulging optic nerve could indicate a brain tumour.
What is multiple sclerosis? What causes this?
Degeneration of the nerve fibres in the eye. Loss of the myelin surrounding the nerve axons.
The oculomotor nerve receives some parasympathetic nerve innervation that controls..?
Sphincter papillae: Constricts the eye.
Cilliary muscle: Near and far adjustment of sight.
If a patient is having trouble walking down the stairs they could be having trouble with cranial nerve..?
4: Trochlear nerve.
Usually affected alongside CN: 3 Oculomotor.
Name the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve.
Ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular.
What group of muscles does the trigeminal nerve supply?
The muscles of mastication.
Where does the abducent nerve arise from?
The pons.
Name the pneumonic for eye muscle movement. Explain.
LR6 S04
Lateral rectus is supplied by CN:6 and the superior oblique is supplied by CN: 4.
All the other muscles are suppled by CN:3.
What cranial nerve supplies the the smallest muscle in the body? Whats the muscle called?
CN:7 the facial nerve.
Stapedius muscle.
What is the clinical test for the facial nerve?
Raise eyebrows, scrunch eyes and puff the cheeks.
What does the facial nerve supply the creates special sensory sensation?
The anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
What does the facial nerve supply parasympathetic innervation to?
The submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal and nasal/palatal glands.
Where does the facial nerve run through yet not supply?
The parotid gland.
What nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid glands?
CN:9 The glossopharyngeal nerve.
What nerve supples special sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
CN:9 The glossopharyngeal nerve.
What does the vagus nerve supply parasympathetic innervation to?
The heart, GI tract, the lungs.
What does the vagus nerve supply special sensory sensation to?
The pallet and epiglottis.
What is the clinical test for the vagus nerve?
Say ‘aaaah’
If there are problems with the vagus nerve what will the patient present with?
Inability to swallow/speak. Lack of gag reflex.
What does the hypoglossal nerve supply?
Somatic motor innervation to the muscles of the tongue.
What muscle is an exception to the hypoglossal nerve supply?
The palatoglossus. (Glossopharyngeal nerve)
What is the difference between the glossopharyngeal and the hypoglossal nerve?
The glossopharyngeal is a special sensory nerve to the tongue (Posterior 1/3).
The hypoglossal is a somatic motor nerve to the tongue.
