Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
Name the two components of the autonomic nervous system.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
How are ganglia arranged in the sympathetic nervous system?
Ganglia is near the middle. Equal length of both the pre and post ganglia.
How are ganglia arranged in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Long pre ganglion and the post ganglion is shorter and closer to the effector organ
What structure is considered a ganglia and is part of the sympathetic nervous system?
The adrenal medulla.
The parasympathetic nervous system ensures that systems are..?
Relaxed and conserving energy.
e.g slows the heart.
The actions of the parasympathetic nervous system are..?
Discrete actions that work on single organs.
The actions of the sympathetic nervous system have what effect?
A Widespread effect that acts on the whole body.
Name the actions of the sympathetic nervous system.
Maintain homeostasis of; blood pressure and thermoregulation.
Responsible for the fight or flight response.
What crucial action does the autonomic nervous system not control? What controls this instead?
Breathing. This is controlled by skeletal muscles that are supplied by the phrenic nerve.
What component of the autonomic nervous system has no direct effect on blood vessels?
Parasympathetic NS.
Name the transmitters for the receptor and the effector organ of the parasympathetic NS.
Both acetylcholine.
Name the transmitters for the receptor and the effector organ of the sympathetic NS.
Receptor: Acetylcholine
Effector organ: Noradrenaline.
Name the transmitters for the receptor and the effector organ of the adrenal medulla (part of the sympathetic NS.)
Receptor: Acetylcholine.
Effector organ: Adrenaline.
What are the actions of noradrenaline?
Contracts smooth muscle in blood vessels by alpha-1 receptors.
Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle by beta-2 receptors.
What do beta-1 receptors do?
Increase heart rate and force of contraction.
