Bones and Joints Flashcards
By what age range are bones fully ossified?
Late 20s/early 30s.
Where are fractures clinically important?
Epiphyseal Growth plates, they can hinder growth.
What compromises the axial skeleton?
Head, neck and trunk (abdomen/chest).
What compromises the appendicular skeleton?
Limbs.
When is the epiphyseal growth plate activated?
10/11.
What cartilage surrounds bone junctions to prevent wear?
Articular cartilage.
Name the joints (3).
Synovial, fibrous and cartilaginous.
What is a synovial joint? Give and example.
A fluid filled joint.
e.g. ankle, knee and hip
What is a fibrous joint held by?
Connective tissue.
Give an example of a fibrous joint. What does this allow?
Skull.
Growth of the sutures.
What are the characteristics of a cartilaginous joint?
Symphysis: Immovable joint. Bone ends covered by hyaline cartilage with a fibrocartilage disc between.
Give an example of a cartilaginous joint.
The pelvis, sternum.
What is the weakest bone of the skull?
Pterion. (above the ear)
What are the parietal foramen? What is their role?
Holes in the parietal section of the skull that allow superficial veins to drain into deeper veins.
Why are the parietal foramen clinically important?
Connect to meninges, therefore create an entry point for infection.
