The Nervous System/Tissue Flashcards
What composes the central nervous system?
The brain
Spinal cord.
What composes the peripheral nervous system?
The cranial and spinal nerves.
What are the two types of cell found in the nervous system?
Neurons
Glia
What is the role of glia?
Supportive and nutritional role.
Myelin formation.
What glia are found in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Ependymal cells
Microglia
What cells are found in the peripheral nervous system?
Schwann cells
Satellite cells.
what is the role of oligodendrocytes?
In what nervous system?
Produce myelin in the CNS.
Sheaths wrap around the axons.
What is the role of satellite cells?
In what nervous system?
Cover the surface of neuronal cell bodies.
PNS
What is the role of microglia?
In what nervous system?
Phagocytic defence role
CNS
What is the role of Schwann cells?
In what nervous system?
Produce myelin in the PNS
What is the function of astrocytes?
In what nervous system?
Nutrient supply to neurons.
CNS
What is the role of ependymal cells?
In what nervous system?
Production of cerebrospinal fluid.
CNS
What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic.
Parasympathetic
What are the two divisions of the somatic nervous system?
Afferent (to)
Efferent (away)
What is the purpose of nerves of the peripheral NS?
Deliver information to the central nervous system.
Name the structures of the neuron.
Dendrites
Cell body
Axon
Axon terminal
What two structures from a synapse?
Dendrites of 1 neuron and the son terminals of another neuron
What is contained within the cell body of a neuron?
NO CENTRIOLE: Damage irreversible.
Large nucleus.
Nissl body: supports translation.
Lots of mitochondria
What nervous system has all of the axons myelinated?
The CNS
What do ependymal cells have on their surfaces that allow movement of the fluid?
Cilla and microvilli.
Where are cells outwit the CNS located?
In ganglions.
What characteristic of myelinated axons allows ions to flow in and out?
Nodes of Ranvier: Gaps in the myelin, allows the action potential impulse to jump from one node to another: saltatory conduction.
What is saltatory conduction?
Occurs in myelinated axons.
Where the action potential jumps/skips from one node to another via the nodes of Ranvier.
