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Francais > The Subjunctive > Flashcards

The Subjunctive Flashcards

1
Q

The Subjunctive

When is the subjunctive used?

A
  1. The subjunctive is used when the speaker expresses his, her or someone else’s personal opinion, feeling or doubt about such an action or state.
  2. Typically, the subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause after ‘‘que’’ (that), when the preceding main clause contains a verb or expression (which itself is always in the indicative) that implies a desire, a need, an emotion, doubt, uncertainty or personal judgment, provided that the subjects of both clauses are not the same.
  3. After verbs expressing a wish, a preference, a request, a need, an expectation, a permission, a prohibition.
  4. After verbs or expressions indicating feelings or emotions.
  5. After impersonal expressions indicating necessity, importance, desirability, possibility, and impossibility
  6. After verbs and expressions implying uncertainty or doubt.
  7. After certain conjunctions.
  8. After verbs of thinking if they are in the negative or inverted interrogative form and if the speaker expresses a personal opinion or uncertainty about his statement.
  9. In the relative clauses.
  10. The subjunctive is also used after ‘‘que’’’ to express an order in the third person singular and plural, which cannot be done with the imperative. The English equivalent is let (him, her, them) or may (he, she, they).
    f. e. Qu’il apprenne le francais!
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2
Q

The Subjunctive

It is possible that he comes.

A

Il est possible qu’il vienne.

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3
Q

The Subjunctive

It is possible that he came.

A

Il est possible qu’il soit venu.

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4
Q

The Subjunctive

It’s a shame that she was ill.

A

C’est dommage qu’elle ait été malade.

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5
Q

The Subjunctive

We doubt that they arrived.

A

Nous doutons qu’ils soient arrivés.

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6
Q

The Subjunctive

I am dissapointed that the weather is bad.

A

Je suis déçu qu’il fasse mauvais.

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7
Q

The Subjunctive

It is possible that I will go to Canada.

A

Il est possible que j’aille au Canada.

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8
Q

The Subjunctive

When is the indicative used?

A

The indicative is used by the speaker to express what he or she considers to be a fact, i.e., an action or state which occurred in the past, occurs in the present, or will occur in the future.

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9
Q 
The Subjunctive
I know (that) you are leaving.
A

Je sais que tu pars.

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10
Q

The Subjunctive

I am sad (that) you are leaving.

A

Je suis triste que tu partes.

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11
Q

The Subjunctive

How is the present subjunctive formed?

A

The present subjunctive of regular verbs is formed by dropping the ‘‘-ent’’ ending from the third person plural of the present indicative and by adding the endings -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent.

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12
Q

The Subjunctive

Which are the spelling changes in the present subjunctive?

A
  1. Verbs ending in -ier have double i in the nous and vous forms:
    que nous oubliions, que vous oubliiez
  2. Those regular verbs which have a spelling change in the present indicative will show the same spelling change in the present subjonctive.
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13
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘’s’asseoir’’.

A

je m’asseye (or: que je m’assoie)

nous nous asseyions (or: que nous nous assoyions)

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14
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘battre’’.

A

que je batte

que nous battions

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15
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘conduire’’.

A

que je conduise

que nous conduisions

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16
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘connaître’’.

A

que je connaisse

que nous connaissions

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17
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘courir’’.

A

que je coure

que nous courions

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18
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘craindre’’.

A

que je craigne

que nous craignions

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19
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘dire’’.

A

que je dise

que nous disions

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20
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘écrire’’.

A

que j’écrive

que nous écrivions

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21
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘lire’’.

A

que je lise

que nous lisions

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22
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘mettre’’.

A

que je mette

que nous mettions

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23
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘naître’’.

A

que je naisse

que nous naissions

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24
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘ouvrir’’.

A

que j’ouvre

que nous ouvrions

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25
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘partir’’.

A

que je parte

que nous partions

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26
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘plaire’’.

A

que je plaise

que nous partions

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27
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘rire’’.

A

que je rie

que nous riions

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28
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘suivre’’.

A

que je suive

que nous suivions

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29
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘se taire’’.

A

que je me taise

que nous nous taisions

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30
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘vivre’’.

A

que je vive

que nous vivions

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31
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘boire’’.

A

que je boive

que nous buvions

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32
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘croire’’.

A

que je croie

que nous croyions

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33
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘devoir’’.

A

que je doive

que nous devions

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34
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘envoyer’’.

A

que j’envoie

que nous envoyions

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35
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘mourir’’.

A

que je meure

que nous mourions

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36
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘prendre’’.

A

que je prenne

que nous prenions

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37
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘recevoir’’.

A

que je reçoive

que nous recevions

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38
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘tenir’’.

A

que je tienne

que nous tenions

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39
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘venir’’.

A

que je vienne

que nous venions

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40
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘voir’’.

A

que je voie

que nous voyions

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41
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘faire’’.

A

que je fasse

que nous fassions

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42
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘savoir’’.

A

que je sache

que nous sachions

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43
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘pouvoir’’.

A

que je puisse

que nous puissions

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44
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘aller’’.

A

que j’aille

que nous allions

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45
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘valoir’’.

A

que je vaille

que nous valions

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46
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘vouloir’’.

A

que je veuille

que nous voulions

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47
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the il present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘pleuvoir’’.

A

qu’il pleuve

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48
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘falloir’’.

A

qu’il faille

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49
Q

The Subjunctive

Conjugate the verb ‘‘aller’’ in the present subjunctive.

A 
que j'aille
que tu ailles
qu'il aille
que nous allions
que vous alliez
qu'ils aillent
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50
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘avoir’’.

A 
que j'aie
que tu aies
qu'il ait
que nous ayons
que vous ayez
qu'ils aient
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51
Q

The Subjunctive

Give the je and nous present subjunctive forms of the verb ‘‘être’’.

A 
que je sois
que tu sois
qu'il soit
que nous soyons
que vous soyez
qu'ils soient
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52
Q

The Subjunctive

I am sad that he leaves / will leave / is going to leave.

A

Je suis triste qu’il parte.

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53
Q

The Subjunctive

How is the past subjunctive formed?

A

Te past subjunctive is formed by using the present subjunctive of the auxiliary (avoir or être) and the past participle of the verb in question, or, if you prefer, by taking the passé composé of the indicative and by putting the helping verb in the present subjunctive.

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54
Q

The Subjunctive

When is the past subjunctive used?

A

The past subjunctive is used when the action of the subordinate clause occurs prior to the action in the main clause.

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55
Q

The Subjunctive

I am sorry that this happened.

A

Je regrette que cela soit arrivé.

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56
Q

The Subjunctive

She was disappointed that her son hadn’t written to her.

A

Elle était déçue que son fils ne lui ait pas écrit.

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57
Q

The Subjunctive

I am sorry (that) we are late.

A

Je suis désolé que nous soyons en retard.

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58
Q

The Subjunctive

I am sorry (that) I am late.

A

Je suis désolé d’être en retard.

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59
Q

The Subjunctive

to like

A

aimer

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60
Q

The Subjunctive

to prefer

A

aimer que

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61
Q 
The Subjunctive
to wait (till)
A

attendre que

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62
Q

The Subjunctive

to expect

A

s’attendre à ce que

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63
Q

The Subjunctive

to need

A

avoir besoin que

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64
Q

The Subjunctive

to (really) want

A

avoir envie que

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65
Q

The Subjunctive

to advise

A

conseiller que

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66
Q

The Subjunctive

to forbid

A

défendre que

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67
Q

The Subjunctive

to ask, to request

A

demander que

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68
Q

The Subjunctive

to wish, want

A

désirer que

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69
Q

The Subjunctive

to prevent

A

empêcher que

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70
Q

The Subjunctive

to demand

A

exiger que

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71
Q

The Subjunctive

to insist

A

insister pour que

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72
Q

The Subjunctive

to forbid

A

interdire que

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73
Q

The Subjunctive

to order, command

A

ordonner que

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74
Q

The Subjunctive

to allow, permit

A

permettre que

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75
Q

The Subjunctive

to prefer

A

préférer que

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76
Q

The Subjunctive

to suggest

A

proposer que

suggérer que

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77
Q

The Subjunctive

to recommend

A

recommander que

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78
Q

The Subjunctive

to wish

A

souhaiter que

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79
Q

The Subjunctive

to (really) want, to be anxious to

A

tenir à ce que

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80
Q

The Subjunctive

to make sure, ensure

A

veiller à ce que

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81
Q

The Subjunctive

to want

A

vouloir que

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82
Q

The Subjunctive

I don’t like (it) that you drink.

A

Je n’aime pas que tu boives.

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83
Q

The Subjunctive

Wait till I come back.

A

Attends que je revienne.

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84
Q

The Subjunctive

I ask that you be ready at noon.

A

Je demande que vous soyez prêts à midi.

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85
Q

The Subjunctive

He demands that we know the subjunctive.

A

Il exige que nous sachions le subjonctif.

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86
Q

The Subjunctive

She insists that everyone be there.

A

Elle insiste pour que tout le monde soit là.

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87
Q

The Subjunctive

I prefer that you do it.

A

Je préfère que tu le fasses.

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88
Q

The Subjunctive

They insist that the children go to school.

A

Ils tiennent à ce que les enfants aillent à l’école.

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89
Q

The Subjunctive

We will make sure that you arrive on time.

A

Nous veillerons à ce que vous arriviez à l’heure.

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90
Q 
The Subjunctive
I hope (that) you are fine.
A

J’espère que vous allez bien.

The verb ‘‘espérer requires the indicative

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91
Q 
The Subjunctive
I hope (that) you (will) feel better.
A

J’espère que tu te sentiras mieux.

The verb ‘‘espérer requires the indicative

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92
Q

The Subjunctive

I’d rather

A

J’aimerais mieux (or: je préférerais) + que + present subjunctive

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93
Q

The Subjunctive

I’d rather you stayed here.

A

J’aimerais mieux que vous restiez ici.

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94
Q

The Subjunctive

I wish you / he were…, I wish you / he would…

A

Je voudrais

J’aimerais + que + subjunctive

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95
Q

The Subjunctive

I wish he were successful.

A

Je voudrais qu’il réussisse.

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96
Q

The Subjunctive

I wish she would write.

A

J’aimerais qu’elle écrive.

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97
Q

The Subjunctive

I wish you could come.

A

Je voudrais que tu puisses venir.

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98
Q

The Subjunctive

I wish I were in France.

A

Je voudrais être en France.

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99
Q

The Subjunctive

We wish we knew what happened.

A

Nous voudrions savoir ce qui s’est passé.

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100
Q

The Subjunctive

She wants him to succeed.

A

Elle veut qu’il réussisse.

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101
Q

The Subjunctive

We don’t expect this to be easy.

A

Nous ne nous attendons pas à ce que ce soit facile.

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102
Q

The Subjunctive

I need you to do me a favor.

A

J’ai besoin que tu me rendes un service.

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103
Q

The Subjunctive

to be glad, pleased that

A

être content que

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104
Q

The Subjunctive

to be disappointed that

A

être déçu que

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105
Q

The Subjunctive

to be sorry that

A

être désolé que

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106
Q

The Subjunctive

to be angry that

A

être fâche que

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107
Q

The Subjunctive

to be furious that

A

être furieux que

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108
Q 
The Subjunctive
to be (un)happy that
A

être (mal)heureux que

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109
Q

The Subjunctive

to be worried that

A

être inquiet que

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110
Q

The Subjunctive

to be delighted that

A

être ravi que

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111
Q

The Subjunctive

to be surprised that

A

être surpris / étonné que

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112
Q

The Subjunctive

to be sad that

A

être triste que

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113
Q

The Subjunctive

it is too bad that, it is a shame that

A

il est / c’est dommage que

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114
Q

The Subjunctive

it is strange that

A

il est étrange que

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115
Q

The Subjunctive

it is great that

A

c’est formidable / génial que

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116
Q

The Subjunctive

to be afraid that

A

avoir peur que (ne)

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117
Q

The Subjunctive

to fear that

A

craindre que (ne)

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118
Q

The Subjunctive

to be surprised that

A

s’étonner que

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119
Q

The Subjunctive

to regret / be sorry that

A

regretter que

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120
Q

The Subjunctive

She is glad that the weather is / will be nice.

A

Elle est contente qu’il fasse beau.

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121
Q

The Subjunctive

He is disappointed that she doesn’t want to date him.

A

Il est déçu qu’elle ne veuille pas sortir avec lui.

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122
Q

The Subjunctive

I am sorry that you are ill.

A

Je suis désolé que tu sois malade.

How well did you know this?
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123
Q

The Subjunctive

I am happy that you can come.

A

Je suis heureux que vous puissiez venir.

124
Q

The Subjunctive

I am afraid that you will miss the plane.

A

J’ai peur que vous (ne) manquiez l’avion.
(After expressions of fear used in the affirmative form, the word ‘‘ne’’ may precede the verb in the subjunctive for stylistic reasons. This ‘‘ne’’ (the use of which is optional) is not followed by ‘‘pas’’ and does not make the sentence negative.)

125
Q

The Subjunctive

He is sad that his wife forgot his birthday.

A

Il est triste que sa femme ait oublié son anniversaire.

126
Q

The Subjunctive

I am glad that you are feeling better.

A

Je suis content(e) que tu te sentes mieux.

127
Q

The Subjunctive

I am glad to hear that you are feeling better.

A

Je suis content(e) d’apprendre que tu te sens mieux.

If an infinitive follows the expression of emotion, the indicative is used.

128
Q

The Subjunctive

It’s a good thing that she was there.

A

Heureusement qu’elle était là.
Hereusement elle était là.
(Être heureux que is followed by the subjunctive, but heureusement que is not)

129
Q

The Subjunctive

She is afraid that she will fail the exam.

A

Elle a peur d’échouer à l’examen.

When both the main and the subordinate clauses have the same subject, an infinitive (preceded by de) is used.

130
Q

The Subjunctive

it is necessary that, (someone) must, has to

A

il faut que

131
Q

The Subjunctive

(someone) must not

A

il ne faut pas que

132
Q

The Subjunctive

it is better that

A

il vaut mieux que

133
Q

The Subjunctive

it is good that

A

il est bon que

134
Q

The Subjunctive

it is essential that

A

il est essentiel que

135
Q

The Subjunctive

it is possible that

A

il est possible que

136
Q

The Subjunctive

it is impossible that

A

il est impossible que

137
Q

The Subjunctive

it is important that

A

il est important que

138
Q

The Subjunctive

it is indispensable that

A

il est indispensable que

139
Q

The Subjunctive

it is right, fair that

A

il est juste que

140
Q

The Subjunctive

it is natural that

A

il est naturel que

141
Q

The Subjunctive

it is necessary that

A

il est nécessaire que

142
Q

The Subjunctive

it is normal that

A

il est normal que

143
Q

The Subjunctive

it is possible that

A

il se peut que

144
Q

The Subjunctive

it is preferable that

A

il est préférable que

145
Q

The Subjunctive

it is unusual, rare that

A

il est rare que

146
Q 
The Subjunctive
it is (about) time that
A

il est (grand) temps que

147
Q

The Subjunctive

it is useful that

A

il est utile que

148
Q

The Subjunctive

it is useless that

A

il est inutile que

149
Q

The Subjunctive

it’s not worth the trouble that, there is no point in (doing)

A

ce n’est pas (cela ne vaut pas) la peine que

150
Q

The Subjunctive

One must want to do it.

A

Il faut qu’on veuille le faire.

151
Q

The Subjunctive

She is rarely late.

A

Il est rare qu’elle soit en retard.

152
Q

The Subjunctive

It is better that you leave.

A

Il vaut mieux que vous partiez.

153
Q

The Subjunctive

It is essentiel that I see you before tomorrow.

A

Il est essentiel que je te voie avant demain.

154
Q

The Subjunctive

It is time for us to leave.

A

Il est temps que nous nous en allions.

155
Q

The Subjunctive

It is possible that one can buy that here.

A

Il est possible qu’on puisse acheter ça ici.

156
Q

The Subjunctive

It is probable that he will be back tomorrow.

A

Il est probable qu’il sera de retour demain.
(The expression ‘‘il est probable que’’ is followed by indicative, but in a negative expression is followed by subjunctive)

157
Q

The Subjunctive

It is likely that he will come.

A

Il est vraisemblable qu’il viendra.
(The expression ‘‘Il est vraisemblable’’ is followed by indicative, but in a negative expression is followed by subjunctive)

158
Q

The Subjunctive

It is improbable that he will be back tomorrow.

A

Il n’est pas probable qu’il soit de retour demain.

159
Q

The Subjunctive

It is unlikely that he comes.

A

Il est invraisemblable qu’il vienne.

160
Q

The Subjunctive

You must not be worried.

A

Il ne faut pas que vous soyez inquiet.

161
Q

The Subjunctive

It’s normal that everyone wants to be happy.

A

C’est normal que tout le monde veuille être heureux.

In spoken French, ‘‘c’est’’ replaces ‘‘il est’’ before an adjective

162
Q

The Subjunctive

You must have patience.

A

Il faut que tu aies de la patience.

163
Q

The Subjunctive

One must have patience.

A

Il faut vaoir de la patience.
(An infinitive construction is used when a general statement is made. The preposition de precedes the infinitive except after ‘‘il faut’’ and ‘‘il vaut mieux’’.)

164
Q

The Subjunctive

to doubt that

A

douter que

165
Q

The Subjunctive

it is doubtful that

A

il est douteux que

166
Q

The Subjunctive

it is not sure / certain that

A

il n’est pas sûr / certain que

167
Q

The Subjunctive

it is not true that

A

il n’est pas vrai que

168
Q

The Subjunctive

I am not sure / certain / convinced that

A

je ne suis pas sûr / certain / convaincu que

169
Q

The Subjunctive

Are you sure / certain that…?

A

êtes-vous sûr / certain que?

170
Q

The Subjunctive

It is true / accurate that…?

A

est-il vrai / exact que?

171
Q

The Subjunctive

it seems that

A

il semble que

172
Q

The Subjunctive

I doubt that will be necessary.

A

Je doute que ce soit nécessaire.

173
Q

The Subjunctive

It is not certain that she is right.

A

Il n’est pas certain qu’elle ait raison.

174
Q

The Subjunctive

The teacher is not sure that we understand him.

A

Le professeur n’est pas sûr que nous le comprenions.

175
Q

The Subjunctive

It seems that she is feeling better.

A

Il semble qu’elle aille mieux.

176
Q

The Subjunctive

It seems to me that she is feeling better.

A

Il me semble qu’elle va mieux.
(The expression ‘‘il semble que’’ is followed by the subjunctive since it implies uncertainty. But if a personal object pronoun is included in this expression (il me semble), it is followed by the indicative since it implies certainty on the part of the speaker.

177
Q

The Subjunctive

to not doubt that

A

ne pas douter que (expression followed by the indicative)

178
Q

The Subjunctive

to be convinced that

A

être convaincu / persuadé que (expression followed by the indicative)

179
Q

The Subjunctive

to be sure / certain that

A

être sûr / certain que (expression followed by the indicative)

180
Q

The Subjunctive

there is no doubt that

A

il n’y a aucun doute que (expression followed by the indicative)

181
Q

The Subjunctive

it is not doubtful that

A

il n’est pas douteux que (expression followed by the indicative)

182
Q

The Subjunctive

it is evident that

A

il est évident que (expression followed by the indicative)

183
Q

The Subjunctive

it is true that

A

il est vrai que (expression followed by the indicative)

184
Q

The Subjunctive

it is sure that

A

il est sûr que (expression followed by the indicative)

185
Q

The Subjunctive

it is certain that

A

il est certain que (expression followed by the indicative)

186
Q

The Subjunctive

it is true / correct that

A

il est exact que (expression followed by the indicative)

187
Q

The Subjunctive

it is clear that

A

il est clair que (expression followed by the indicative)

188
Q

The Subjunctive,

I’ve heard that, apparently

A

il paraît que (expression followed by the indicative)

189
Q

The Subjunctive

to suspect that

A

se douter que (expression followed by the indicative)

190
Q

The Subjunctive

to know that

A

savoir que (expression followed by the indicative)

191
Q

The Subjunctive

so that, in order that

A

pour que + subjunctive
pour + infinitive
afin que + subjunctive
afin de + infinitive

192
Q

The Subjunctive

before

A 
avant que (ne) + subjunctive
avant de + infinitive
193
Q

The Subjunctive

on the condition that

A

à condition que + subjunctive

à condition de + infinitive

194
Q

The Subjunctive

unless

A

à moins que (ne) + subjunctive

à moins de + infinitive

195
Q

The Subjunctive

while waiting for, until

A

en attendant que + subjunctive

en attendant de + infinitive

196
Q

The Subjunctive

although, even though

A 
bien que (=quoique) + subjonctive
(Always followed by the subjunctive, even if the main clause has the same subject as the subordinate clause)
197
Q

The Subjunctive

for fear that

A

de crainte que (ne) + subjunctive

de peur que (ne) + infinitive

198
Q

The Subjunctive

until

A

jusqu’à ce que + subjunctive

Always followed by the subjunctive, even if the main clause has the same subject as the subordinate clause

199
Q

The Subjunctive

provided that

A

pourvu que + subjunctive

Always followed by the subjunctive, even if the main clause has the same subject as the subordinate clause

200
Q

The Subjunctive

without

A

sans que + subjunctive

sans + infinitive

201
Q

The Subjunctive

I will stay until he comes back.

A

Je resterai jusqu’à ce qu’il revienne.

202
Q

The Subjunctive

We will go hiking unless the weather is bad.

A

Nous ferons une randonnée à moins qu’il (ne) fasse mauvais.

203
Q

The Subjunctive

I hurry so that it goes faster.

A

Je me dépêche pour que ça aille plus vite.

204
Q

The Subjunctive

Let’s go home before it rains.

A

Rentrons avant qu’il (ne) pleuve.

205
Q

The Subjunctive

She was arrested although she is innocent.

A

Elle a été arrêtée bien qu’elle soit innocente.

206
Q

The Subjunctive

He did it without his wife knowing it.

A

Il l’a fait sans quesa femme le sache.

207
Q

The Subjunctive

We talked to him after he came home.

A

Nous lui avons parlé après qu’il est rentré.

Après que is followed by the infinitive

208
Q

The Subjunctive

whereas, while

A

alors que

Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense

209
Q

The Subjunctive

as soon as

A

aussitôt que,
dès que
(Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense).

210
Q

The Subjunctive

since

A

depuis que

Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense

211
Q

The Subjunctive

because

A

parce que

Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense

212
Q

The Subjunctive

while

A

pendant que

Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense

213
Q

The Subjunctive

since (=because)

A

puisque

Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense

214
Q

The Subjunctive

whereas

A

tandis que

Expression followed by the infinitive, future tense

215
Q

The Subjunctive

I save money in order to be able to travel.

A

Je fais des économies pour pouvoir voyager.

216
Q

The Subjunctive

Visit us before you leave.

A

Venez nous voir avant de partir.

217
Q

The Subjunctive

He left without saying goodbye.

A

Il est parti sans dire au revoir.

218
Q

The Subjunctive

While waiting to have dinner, we are going to have a drink.

A

En attendant de dîner, nous allons prendre l’apéritif.

219
Q

The Subjunctive

You will not find this street unless you know the city very well.

A

Tu ne trouveras pas cette rue à moins de connaître très bien la ville.

220
Q

The Subjunctive

I have a headache although I took two aspirin tablets.

A

J’ai mal à la tête bien que j’aie pris deux cachets d’aspirine.

221
Q

The Subjunctive

We will go to France provided that we have enough money.

A

Nous irons en France, pourvu que nous ayons assez d’argent.

222
Q

The Subjunctive

He often watches TV until he goes to sleep.

A

Il regarde souvent la télé jusqu’à ce qu’il s’endorme.

223
Q

The Subjunctive

to think that

A

penser que

trouver que

224
Q

The Subjunctive

to believe / think that

A

croire que

225
Q

The Subjunctive

I don’t think that this is a good idea.

A

Je ne pense / trouve pas que ce soit une bonne idée.

226
Q

The Subjunctive

Do you think that French is easy?

A

Trouvez-vous que le francais soit facile?

227
Q

The Subjunctive

Do you believe that he tells the truth?

A

Crois-tu qu’il dise la vérité?

228
Q

The Subjunctive

I don’t think that one can know a country without knowing its language.

A

Je ne crois pas qu’on puisse connaître un pays sans savoir sa langue.

229
Q

The Subjunctive

He thinks that we are exaggerating.

A

Il pense que nous exagérons.

230
Q

The Subjunctive

I think that this dress looks good on you.

A

Je trouve que cette robe te va bien.

231
Q

The Subjunctive

I believe / think this is true.

A

Je crois / pense / trouve que c’est vrai.

232
Q

The Subjunctive

He even went so far as to say bad things about his boss.

A

Il est même allé jusqu’à dire du mal de son patron.

233
Q

The Subjunctive

I want you to tell me the truth.

A

Je veux que tu me dises la vérite.

234
Q 
The Subjunctive
I hope (that) you tell me the truth.
A

J’espère que tu me diras la vérité.

235
Q

The Subjunctive

We are happy that you are there.

A

Nous sommes heureux que tu sois là.

236
Q

The Subjunctive

Fortunately you are there.

A

Heureusement que tu es là.

237
Q

The Subjunctive

It is possible that he goes to Nice.

A

Il est possible qu’il aille à Nice.

238
Q

The Subjunctive

It is probable (likely) that he goes to Nice.

A

Il est probable qu’il va à Nice.

239
Q

The Subjunctive

I don’t think (that) she is right.

A

Je ne pense pas qu’elle ait raison.

240
Q

The Subjunctive

I think that she is right.

A

Je pense qu’elle a raison.

241
Q

The Subjunctive

It seems that she has to wait.

A

Il semble qu’elle doive attendre.

242
Q

The Subjunctive

It seems to me that he has to wait.

A

Il me semble qu’il doit attendre.

243
Q

The Subjunctive

She arrived before I left.

A

Elle est arrivée avant que je (ne) parte.

244
Q

The Subjunctive

She arrived after I left.

A

Elle est arrivé après que je suis parti.

245
Q

The Subjunctive

When is the subjunctive used in relative clauses?

A
  1. When the verb or expression in the main clause indicates that the speaker is not sure whether the antecedent exists, or that he or she would like to find it. Expressions in the main clause that will trigger the subjuntcive in the relative clause include:
    -J’ai besoin d’un(e)…
    - Je cherche un(e)…
    - Connaissez-vous un(e)…
    - Y a-t-il un(e)…
    BUT
    when the main clause indicates that the desired object or person has already been found or that its existence is certain, the indicative is used.
    Je voudrais trouver un hôtel qui ne soit pas cher.
    Je trouvé / je connais un hôtel qui n’est pas cher.
  2. When the relative clause is preceded by a superlative.
    f.e. C’est la plus belle ville que je connaisse.
    The choice between the subjunctive or the indicative in a relative clause after a superlative depends on whether the speaker expresses a personal opinion or judgement (subjunctive), or if the speaker simply states a fact (indicative). Often however, the subjunctive is automatically triggered in the relative clause after a superlative, no matter whether an opinion or a fact is stated.
  3. When the relative clause is preceded by one of the following expressions.
    l’unique - the only (one)
    le seul - the only (one)
    le premier - the first (one)
    le dernier - the last (one)
    il n’y a que - (there is) only
    ne…personne - nobody, not anybody
    ne…jamais - never
    ne…aucun - no, not any
    ne…pas de - no, not any
    ne…rien - nothing, not anything
246
Q

The Subjunctive

He is looking for someone who is reliable.

A

Il cherche quelqu’un qui soit fiable.

247
Q

The Subjunctive

Do you know a person who would be willing to help me?

A

Connaissez-vous une personne qui veuille m’aider?

248
Q

The Subjunctive

Is there something I can do for you?

A

Y a-t-il quelque chose que je puisse faire pour vous?

249
Q

The Subjunctive

I need a secretary who knows how to speak several foreign languages fluently.

A

Il me faut une secrétaire qui sache parler couramment plusieurs langues étrangères.

250
Q

The Subjunctive

That is the least one can say.

A

C’est le moins qu’on puisse dire.

251
Q

The Subjunctive

That is the best film I ever saw.

A

C’est le meilleur film que j’aie jamais vu.

252
Q

The Subjunctive

This tower is the highest there is in the world.

A

Cette tour est la plus haute qu’il y a (or: ait) dans le monde.

253
Q

The Subjunctive

I heard that the Great Wall of China is the only monument which is visible from the moon.

A

Il paraît que la Grande Muraille de Chine est le seul monument qui soit visible depuis la lune.

254
Q

The Subjunctive

He doesn’t find anyone who knows how to do it.

A

Il ne trouve personne qui sache le faire.

255
Q

The Subjunctive

There is no medication that cures this disease.

A

Il n’y a aucun médicament qui guérisse cette maladie.

256
Q

The Subjunctive

Only God can help us.

A

Il n’y a que Dieu qui puisse nous aider.

257
Q

The Subjunctive

I don’t know any book that is more interesting.

A

Je ne connais pas de livre qui soit plus intéressant.

258
Q

The Subjunctive

I haven’t found anything that I like in this store.

A

Je n’ai rien trouvé qui me plaise dans ce magasin.

259
Q

The Subjunctive

There is no reason why…should…

A

Il n’y a aucune raison (pour) que + subjunctive

Il n’y a pas de raison que + subjunctive

260
Q

The Subjunctive

Ther is no reason why we should lose the game.

A

Il n’y a aucune raison (pour) que nous perdions le match.

261
Q

The Subjunctive`

whoever

A

qui que

262
Q

The Subjunctive

wherever

A

où que

263
Q

The Subjunctive

whatever

A

quoi que

Don’t confuse quoi que with quoique - although

264
Q

The Subjunctive

Whoever you may be, I have never seen you.

A

Qui que vous soyez, je ne vous ai jamais vu.

265
Q 
The Subjunctive
Wherever you (may) go, I will accompany you.
A

Qù que tu ailles, je t’accompagnerai

266
Q 
The Subjunctive
Whatever you (may) do, I will support you.
A

Quoi que tu fasses, je te soutiendrai.

267
Q

The Subjunctive

whoever it may be who

A

qui que ce soit qui

268
Q

The Subjunctive

who(m)ever it may be whom

A

qui que ce soit que

269
Q

The Subjunctive

whatever it may be which / that

A

quoi que ce soit que

270
Q

The Subjunctive

Whoever it may be who said that, I don’t believe it.

A

Qui que ce soit qui ait dit cela, je n’en crois rien.

271
Q

The Subjunctive

Whoever it may be whom you know, I don’t know him.

A

Qui que ce soit que vous connaissiez, je ne le connais pas.

272
Q

The Subjunctive

Whatever it may be that one says, remain calm!

A

Quoi que ce soit qu’on dise, restez calme!

273
Q

The Subjunctive

however + adjective or adverb

A

si (+adjective or adverb) que

274
Q

The Subjunctive

however + adjective or adverb

A

quelque (+adjective or adverb) que

275
Q

The Subjunctive

However intelligent you may be, you don’t know everything.

A

Si intelligent que tu sois, tu ne sais pas tout.

276
Q

The Subjunctive

However skillful this man may be, he cannot do everything.

A

Si habile que soit cet homme, il ne peut pas tout faire.

277
Q

The Subjunctive

whatever (+noun or pronoun) may be

A

quel que / quelle que / quels que / quelles que
(+ subjunctive of être + noun)
(or: + pronoun + subjunctive of être)

278
Q

The Subjunctive

True nicotine addicts don’t stop smoking, whatever the health risk may be.

A

Les vrais accros de la nicotine ne s’arrêtent pas de fumer, quel que soit le risque pour la santé.

279
Q

The Subjunctive

Whatever the difficulty may be, you must overcome it.

A

Quelle soit la difficulté, il faut la surmonter.

280
Q

The Subjunctive

Whatever your problemes may be, you must forget them.

A

Quels que soient vos problèmes, il faut les oublier.

281
Q

The Subjunctive

Parents like all their children, whatever their capabilities may be.

A

Les parents aiment tous leurs enfants, quelles que soient leurs aptitudes.

282
Q

The Subjunctive

whatever (+singular or plural noun)

A

quelque (+singular noun) que

quelques (+plural noun) que

283
Q

The Subjunctive

Whatever success you may have, stay modest.

A

Quelque succès que vous ayez, restez modeste.

284
Q

The Subjunctive

Whatever worries you may have, don’t despair.

A

Quelques soucis que tu aies, ne désespère pas.

285
Q

The Subjunctive

Long live France!

A

Vive la France!

286
Q

The Subjunctive

So be it! Amen! (at the end of a prayer)

A

Ainsi sot-il!

287
Q

The Subjunctive

God bless you!

A

Que Dieu vous bénisse!

288
Q

The Subjunctive

Thank God! God be praised!

A

Dieu soit loué!

289
Q

The Subjunctive

They will be done.

A

Que votre volonté soit faite.

290
Q

The Subjunctive

So be it!

A

Soit! ^(swat)

291
Q

The Subjunctive

Be it as it may.

A

Quoi qu’il en soit.

292
Q

The Subjunctive

Don’t let this stand in the way.

A

Qu’à cela ne tienne.

293
Q

The Subjunctive

As far as I remember.

A

Autant que je m’en souvienne.

294
Q

The Subjunctive

As far as I know.

A

Autant que je sache.

295
Q

The Subjunctive

Not that I know.

A

Pas que je sache.

296
Q

The Subjunctive

Whether one likes it or not.

A

Qu’on le veuille ou non.

297
Q

The Subjunctive

No matter what happens.

A

Quoi qu’il advienne.

298
Q

The Subjunctive

Rain or shine

A

Qu’il pleuve ou qu’il vente.

299
Q

The Subjunctive

Let’s hope (that) it lasts!

A

Pourvu que ça dure!

300
Q

The Subjunctive

We will go to the beach provided that the weather is good.

A

Nous irons à la plage pourvu qu’il fasse beau.

Pourvu at the beginning of the subordinate clause means provided that

301
Q

The Subjunctive

Let’s hope (that) the weather is good tomorrow.

A

Pourvu qu’il fasse beau demain.

302
Q

The Subjunctive

Don’t let that happen again.

A

Que cela ne se reproduise plus!

303
Q

The Subjunctive

May that serve you as a warning!

A

Que cela vous serve d’avertissement!

304
Q

The Subjunctive

Let there be light, and there was light.

A

Que la lumière soit, et la lumière fut.

305
Q

The Subjunctive

Let there be no mistake!

A

Qu’on ne s’y trompe pas!

306
Q

The Subjunctive

If he wants the CD, let him come and get it!

A

S’il veut le CD, qu’il vienne le chercher!

307
Q

The Subjunctive

If they don’t have bread, let them eat cake.

A

S’ils n’ont pas de pain, qu’ils mangent de la brioche.

Francais (31 decks)

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