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Vets1021: loco > the paw > Flashcards

the paw Flashcards

1
Q

digitigrade

A

Only distal end of metacarpals/ metatarsals and digits in contact with ground

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2
Q

3 pads

A

digital
metacarpsal/ metatarsal
carpal (no tarsal pad)

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3
Q

Digital pads

A
  • Digit 1 not in contact with ground
  • Digit 2-5 touch ground
  • Pad is under distal interphalangeal joint
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4
Q

metacarpal/ metatarsal pad

A
  • Large
  • Under MC/ MT - phalangeal joints
  • Main weight bearing pad
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5
Q

Carpal pad

A
  • Forelimb only
  • Under carpo-metacarpal joint
  • May contact ground while sprinting
  • Subcutaneous fibro-elastic tissue
  • Fat pad
  • Sweat glands (dogs don’t have sweat gland over body but do on pads)
  • See homologies between pads of different animals
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6
Q

pads are

A

thick, tough, densely cornfield skin

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7
Q

Carpal pad function

A

Absorb shock

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8
Q

Axis runs between

A

digits 3 and 4

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9
Q

Axial

A

Axial; near to axis

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10
Q

Abaxial;

A

Abaxial; away from axis

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11
Q

On palmar side of forepaw we have which artery

A

median

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12
Q

median artery in paw goes through _______ and breaks into multiple arteries:

A

carpal canal
common digital arteries (there are palmar and dorsal common digital arteries)

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13
Q

_______ are deep to the common digital arteries

A

Metacarpal arteries (also have dorsal and palmar pairs)

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14
Q

the common digital arteries Divide at start

A

of digits and become proper digital arteries and go down axial and abaxial side of each digit

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15
Q

how to name arteries at the MC/ MT level

A

it goes from top to bottom:
dorsal common digital arteries
dorsal metacarpal arteries
palmar metacarpal arteries
palmar common digital arteries

groups of 4 inbetween each of the digits

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16
Q

how to name the arteries when they are in the digits

A

from top to bottom:
each digit has a axial/ abaxial DORSAL proper digital artery

and a axial/ abaxial PALMAR/PLANTAR proper digital arteries

17
Q

nerves are named

A

same ways as arteries

18
Q

nerves on palmar side of paw are almost all derived from

A

median and ulnar nerves

19
Q

nerves on dorsal side of paw are almost all derived from

A

radial nerve (except abaxial 5th digit)

20
Q

nerves on palmar side of paw ON HIND LIMB are almost all derived from

A

tibial nerve

21
Q

nerves on dorsal side of paw ON HIND LIMB are almost all derived from

A

peroneal

22
Q

Common digital extensor goes all way down to

A

distal phalanges 2-5

23
Q

Lateral digit extensor goes all way down

A

on to the tendons common digital extensor 3-5 at level proximal phalanx

24
Q

Superficial digital flexor to

A

middle phalanx 2-5

25
Q

Deep digital flexor to

A

distal phalanx 2-5 passing through manica flexoria of superficial digital flexor

26
Q

Flexor tendons run over the

A

palmar sesamoids

27
Q

Interosseus muscle masses

A
  • Between MCs and DDF
  • Origin is proximal MCs
  • Insertion is proximal phalanx via palmar sesamoids
  • Also tendon to CDE
28
Q

Interosseus muscle masses action

A

action; flexor of MC-phalangeal joints and retraction of claw

29
Q

Main difference Hind paw dorsal muscles and tendons

A
  • Main difference is instead of common digital extensor is called long digital extensor
  • Long digital extensor goes down to distal phalanx 2-5
  • Dorsal sesamoids same as forepaw
  • Lateral digital extensor goes down to tendon of long digital extensor at level of middle phalanx
30
Q

claws of dogs Distal phalanx surrounded by

A

laminar dermis
Sensitive, bleeds

31
Q

Sole

A

ventral part of claw; Crumbly and white

32
Q

claw of cat

A
  • Long and short elastic ligaments
  • Extended using digital muscle mass
33
Q

claws of dogs extended by action of

A

DDF

Vets1021: loco (25 decks)

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