joints of the hind limb Flashcards
the sacro-iliac joint is both a
synovial joint (ventral) and cartilaginous joint (cranio-dorsal)
sacro-iliac joint movement
gliding (arthrodial), limited movement, designed for stability
sacro-iliac joint capsule
very thin
3 ligaments associated with sacroiliac joint
dorsal sacroiliac lig
ventral sacroiliac lig
sacrotuberous lig
sacrotuberous lig
caudal sacrum and 1st two coccygeal vertebra to ischiatic tuberosity,
helps stabilize this joint; prevents caudal aspect of pelvis form sagging down
hip joint movement
- flexsion and extension
- abduction and adduction
- rotation in and outward
hip joint type
enarthrosis (ball and socket)
hip joint capsule
simple, no ligaments in joint capsule (but there are ligs assoiated w hip joint)
joint capsule extends to neck of femur
acetabulum deepened by the ______ which continues as _____
fibrocartilaginous acetabular lip
the transverse acetabular lig across the acetabular notch (ventral aspect of the acetabular)
ligament of the head of the femur
goes from fovea on head to acetabular fossa, loose, covered in synovial membrane
stifle joint made up of which 3 joints
- femorotibial (main)
- femoropatella
- tibia- fibula
movement of femorotibial
flexion and extension, rotation
movement of femoropatella
gliding
stifle joint capsule
- large w pouches (diverticula)
- caudal pouch between fabellae
- around trochlea and under patella
- under tendon of Large digital extensor
- proximal articulation tibia and fibula
menisci of stifle joint
what are they, where are they thicker/thinner, what is their function
- Two cartilages (menisci); lateral and medial menisci
- Thicker on edge, thin on center
- Deepen the socket for condyles of femur; stability
- But in center articular surfaces of femur and tibia are in direct contact
all ligaments of the stife (13)
- Meniscus ligaments (6)
- Between menisci; transverse ligament
- Each meniscus is held onto tibia by two ligaments; cranial tibial ligament, and caudal tibial ligament
- Lateral meniscus has an extra ligament; meniscofemoral ligament to femur, made of fibrocartilage, kind of an extension of the meniscus
- Femoral Tibial ligaments; 4;
go directly from femur to tibia - Lateral collateral ligament
- Medial collateral ligament
- Cranial cruciate ligament (stobs tibia moving forward/ cranial reactive to femur)
- Caudal cruciate ligament (stops tibia moving backwards relative to femur)
- Patellar ligament (3)
- Lateral femoropatellar ligament;
- Medial femoropatellar ligament
- These two ^ run from fabellae on either side, keep patella strapped back into trochlea
- Distal patella ligament or just “patella ligament” , basically an continuation of tendon of quadriceps
tibio-fibular joint movement
virtually none, 2 bones form syndesmosis
proximal tibio-fibular joint capsule
stifle joint capsule
distal tibio-fibular joint capsule
tarsal joint capsule
ligaments of tibio-fibular joint
- proximal: small ligament under lateral collateral
- distal; cranial and caudal tibiofibular ligaments
tarsal joint movement
- most at tibiotarsal joints: flexion and extension
- little at intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joint
in tibiotarsal joint articular surfaces at slightly
oblique angle, lateral deviation on flexion by ~25 degrees
tarsal joint; joint capsule
similar to carpus w sleeves
- 2 separate intertarsal compartments; proximal and distal
tarsal joint ligaments;
- medial and lateral collaterals (have long and short parts)
- dorsal and plantar ligaments (plantar thickening forms deep wall tarsal canal)
- retinaculum over DDF
- distal ligament; calcaneus to MT 5
- intertarsal ligaments
tarsal joint retinaculum on dorsal surface
- proximal and distal retinacula
- hold long and lateral digital extensors to bone
joints of foot (pes)
essentially the same as those of the manus (fore paw)
