joints of the hind limb

Question 1

the sacro-iliac joint is both a

Answer 1

synovial joint (ventral) and cartilaginous joint (cranio-dorsal)

Question 2

sacro-iliac joint movement

Answer 2

gliding (arthrodial), limited movement, designed for stability

Question 3

sacro-iliac joint capsule

Answer 3

very thin

Question 4

3 ligaments associated with sacroiliac joint

Answer 4

dorsal sacroiliac lig
ventral sacroiliac lig
sacrotuberous lig

Question 5

sacrotuberous lig

Answer 5

caudal sacrum and 1st two coccygeal vertebra to ischiatic tuberosity,

helps stabilize this joint; prevents caudal aspect of pelvis form sagging down

Question 6

hip joint movement

Answer 6

• flexsion and extension
• abduction and adduction
• rotation in and outward

Question 7

hip joint type

Answer 7

enarthrosis (ball and socket)

Question 8

hip joint capsule

Answer 8

simple, no ligaments in joint capsule (but there are ligs assoiated w hip joint)

joint capsule extends to neck of femur

Question 9

acetabulum deepened by the ______ which continues as _____

Answer 9

fibrocartilaginous acetabular lip

the transverse acetabular lig across the acetabular notch (ventral aspect of the acetabular)

Question 10

ligament of the head of the femur

Answer 10

goes from fovea on head to acetabular fossa, loose, covered in synovial membrane

Question 11

stifle joint made up of which 3 joints

Answer 11

• femorotibial (main)
• femoropatella
• tibia- fibula

Question 12

movement of femorotibial

Answer 12

flexion and extension, rotation

Question 13

movement of femoropatella

Answer 13

gliding

Question 14

stifle joint capsule

Answer 14

• large w pouches (diverticula)
• caudal pouch between fabellae
• around trochlea and under patella
• under tendon of Large digital extensor
• proximal articulation tibia and fibula

Question 15

menisci of stifle joint

what are they, where are they thicker/thinner, what is their function

Answer 15

• Two cartilages (menisci); lateral and medial menisci
• Thicker on edge, thin on center
• Deepen the socket for condyles of femur; stability
• But in center articular surfaces of femur and tibia are in direct contact

Question 16

all ligaments of the stife (13)

Answer 16

• Meniscus ligaments (6)
• Between menisci; transverse ligament
• Each meniscus is held onto tibia by two ligaments; cranial tibial ligament, and caudal tibial ligament
• Lateral meniscus has an extra ligament; meniscofemoral ligament to femur, made of fibrocartilage, kind of an extension of the meniscus
• Femoral Tibial ligaments; 4;
  go directly from femur to tibia
• Lateral collateral ligament
• Medial collateral ligament
• Cranial cruciate ligament (stobs tibia moving forward/ cranial reactive to femur)
• Caudal cruciate ligament (stops tibia moving backwards relative to femur)
• Patellar ligament (3)
• Lateral femoropatellar ligament;
• Medial femoropatellar ligament
• These two ^ run from fabellae on either side, keep patella strapped back into trochlea
• Distal patella ligament or just “patella ligament” , basically an continuation of tendon of quadriceps

Question 17

tibio-fibular joint movement

Answer 17

virtually none, 2 bones form syndesmosis

Question 18

proximal tibio-fibular joint capsule

Answer 18

stifle joint capsule

Question 19

distal tibio-fibular joint capsule

Answer 19

tarsal joint capsule

Question 20

ligaments of tibio-fibular joint

Answer 20

• proximal: small ligament under lateral collateral
• distal; cranial and caudal tibiofibular ligaments

Question 21

tarsal joint movement

Answer 21

• most at tibiotarsal joints: flexion and extension
• little at intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joint

Question 22

in tibiotarsal joint articular surfaces at slightly

Answer 22

oblique angle, lateral deviation on flexion by ~25 degrees

Question 23

tarsal joint; joint capsule

Answer 23

similar to carpus w sleeves
- 2 separate intertarsal compartments; proximal and distal

Question 24

tarsal joint ligaments;

Answer 24

• medial and lateral collaterals (have long and short parts)
• dorsal and plantar ligaments (plantar thickening forms deep wall tarsal canal)
• retinaculum over DDF
• distal ligament; calcaneus to MT 5
• intertarsal ligaments

Question 25

tarsal joint retinaculum on dorsal surface

Answer 25

• proximal and distal retinacula
• hold long and lateral digital extensors to bone

Question 26

joints of foot (pes)

Answer 26

essentially the same as those of the manus (fore paw)