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Vets1021: loco > DOG muscles of the forelimb > Flashcards

DOG muscles of the forelimb Flashcards

1
Q

extrinsic muscles

A

Attach the limb to the trunk
Move the whole limb

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2
Q

intrinsic muscles

A

move limb bones relative to eachother

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3
Q

flexors

A

reducing angle

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4
Q

extensor

A

increasing the angle

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5
Q

over extension or dorsiflexion

A

extension beyond 180 degrees

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6
Q

rotators

A

supinate and pronate

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7
Q

elevators

A

raise limb

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8
Q

protractors

A

move limb forward

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9
Q

retractors

A

move limb backwards

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10
Q

in domestic animals there is _____ bony connection between forelimb and the body

A

NO

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11
Q

name the 7 muscles involved with SUPPORT of the forelimb

A
  • serratus ventralis
  • rhomboideus
  • superficial pectoral
  • deep pectoral
  • trapezius
  • brachiocephalicus
  • latismus dorsi
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12
Q

serratus ventralis

A
  • origin; cervical vertebrae and ribs
  • insertion; facies serrata of scapula
  • like a big fan
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13
Q

rhomboideus

A
  • 3 parts; from most dorsal to most ventral: capital, cervical, thoracic
  • origin: median raphe of neck (for capital and cervical) and spinous process of thoracic vertebrae (for thoracic)
  • insertion; dorsal scapula
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14
Q

superficial pectoral

A
  • origin; first 3 sternebrae
  • insertion; greater tubercle of humerus
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15
Q

deep pectoral

A
  • origin; sternum
  • insertion; lesser tubercle of humerus and medial brachial fascia (recall brachium= upper forelimb)
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16
Q

brachium

A

upper forelimb

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17
Q

antibrachium

A

lower forelimb

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18
Q

trapezius

A
  • 2 parts; cervical and thoracic
  • origin; median raphe of neck (cervical) and supra-spinous ligament (thoracic)
  • insertion; spine of scapula
  • nerve; accessory (CN XI)
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19
Q

brachiocephalicus

A
  • 3 parts; cleidobrachialis, cleidocervicalis, cleidomastoideus
  • origin; clavicular tendon
  • insertion:
  • CB; cranial humerus
  • CB; mastoid process of skull
  • CC: median raphe of neck
  • nerves : accessory (CN XI) for CC and CM only
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20
Q

latissimus dorsi

A
  • origin; thoracic and lumbar vertebral fascia
  • insertion; proximal humerus
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21
Q

name the 4 protractors (move the forelimb foreward)

A
  • brachiocephalicus
  • rhomboideus (only cervical and capital parts, NOT thoracic part)
  • superficial pectoral
  • trapezius (only cervical part, NOT thoracic part)
22
Q

name the adductor of the forelimb (moving leg toward midline)

A

superficial pectoral

23
Q

name the two (ish) abductors (moving leg away from midline)

A
  • deltoideus
  • +/- trapezius
24
Q

deltoideus

A
  • 2 parts; acromial and spinous (spinous part more dorsal)
  • origin; spine of scapula and acromion
  • insertion; deltoid tuberosity on the humerus
25
Q

name the 5 retractors of the forelimb (bringing leg backwards)

A
  • latissimus dorsi
  • rhomboideus (thoracic part, NOT cervical and capital part)
  • superficial pectoral
  • deep pectoral
  • trapezius (thoracic part NOT cervical part)
26
Q

why is the superficial pectoral both a retractor and a protractor

A

because its sort of in the middle so it brings leg back into neutral state

27
Q

name the 2 elevators of the limb

A
  • trapezius
  • rhomboideus
28
Q

name the 3 flexors of the shoulder (shoulder back)

A
  • teres major
  • deltoideus
  • infraspinatus
29
Q

teres major

A
  • origin; caudal scapula
  • insertion; teres tuberosity (major) on medial side of humerus
30
Q

infraspinatus

A
  • origin; infraspinous fossa
  • insertion; greater tubercle
  • nerve; suprascapular
31
Q

name the 2 extensors of shoulder

A
  • brachiochephalicus (when head and neck are fixed)
  • supraspinatus
32
Q

supraspinatus

A
  • origin; supraspinous fossa
  • insertion; greater tubercle
  • nerve suprascapular
33
Q

name the 2 flexors of the elbow

A
  • biceps brachii
  • brachialis *
34
Q

biceps brachii

A
  • origin; supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
  • insertion; radial and ulnar tuberosities
  • nerve; musculocuntaneous
35
Q

name the extensor of the elbow

A

triceps brachii

36
Q

triceps brachii

A
  • 4 heads; long, lateral, medial, accessory
  • origin:
  • long; caudal scapula
  • lateral; tricipital line
  • medial; lesser tubercle
  • accessory; neck of humerus
  • insertion; olecranon
  • nerve; radial
37
Q

name the supinator muscle

A

supinator

38
Q

supinator

A

origin; lateral epicondylde of humerus
- insertion; proximal 1/3 of radius
- nerve; radial (as for elbow extensors)

39
Q

name the pronation muscle

A
  • pronator teres
40
Q

pronator teres

A
  • origin; medial epicondyle of humerus
  • insertion; medial radius
  • nerve; median
41
Q

name the 3 extensors of the carpus

A
  • extensor carpi radialis
  • common digital extensor
  • lateral digital extensor*
  • Ulnaris lateralis; actually a carpus extensor but has moved so lateral that its functionally now a flexor
42
Q

extensor carpi radialis

A
  • origin; lateral epicondylar crest
  • insertion; dorsal metacarpals 2 & 3
  • nerve; radial
43
Q

common digital extensor

A
  • origin; lateral epicondyle
  • insertion; 4 branches to dorsal distal phalanges 2-5
  • nerve; radial
44
Q

name the 3 extensors of digits

A
  • common digital extensor
  • lateral digital extensor *
  • abductor pollicis longus *
45
Q

what are the extensors of the digits held in place by

A

extensor retinaculum

46
Q

name the 5 flexors of the carpus

A
  • flexor carpi radialis *
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • ulnaris lateralis **
  • superficial digital flexor
  • deep digital flexor
47
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A
  • 2 heads; humeral and ulnar
  • origin;
  • medial epicondyle (humeral head)
  • medial olecranon (ulnar head)
  • insertion; accessory carpal
  • nerve; ulnar
48
Q

superficial digital flexor
flexes carpus and digits

A
  • Origin; medial epicondyle
  • Insertion; palmar middle phalanx; 2-5
49
Q

Deep digital flexor;
flexes carpus and digits

A
  • Origin; 3 heads; medial epicondyle humerus, ulna and radius
  • Insertion; palmar distal phalanx II-V (I?)
  • Nerve; median and ulnar
50
Q

Superficial and deep digital flexor cross over via

A

manica flexoria

Superficial splits into 2 branches come down on either side of deep, forms like a tunnel for the deep to pass through

51
Q

name the 4 flexors of digits

A
  • superficial digital flexor
  • deep digital flexor
  • interosseous mm *
  • lumbricales *

Vets1021: loco (19 decks)

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