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Vets1021: loco > conformation > Flashcards

conformation Flashcards

1
Q

Many factors affect equine locomotion

A
  • Fitness/training
  • Nutrition
  • Conformation
  • Health e.g. arthritis
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2
Q

BRUSHING

A
  • Light contact of foot with medial surface of opposite limb
  • Young, unfit, poor conformation
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3
Q

SCALPING

A
  • Toe of forefoot hits hind foot above coronary band seen with diagonal gaits e.g. trotters
  • “Speedy cutting” is form of scalping but between fetlock & hock
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4
Q

CROSS-FIRING

A
  • Inside of hind foot clips inside of opposite fore foot
  • Mainly pacers
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5
Q

FORGING

A
  • Toe of hind foot strikes sole of fore foot on the same side
  • Young, short
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6
Q

OVER-REACHING

A
  • Toe of hind foot hits fore heel on same side
  • May pull off shoe or cause lacerations
  • Speed, jumping
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7
Q

ELBOW-HITTING

A
  • Over-flexing carpus so that hoof hits caudal aspect of elbow
  • Artificial gaits or jumping
  • Excessively long pasterns
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8
Q

WINGING

A

“Toe-out” conformation
more at risk

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9
Q

PADDLING

A

“Toe-in” conformation

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10
Q

Base narrow

A
  • Increased force on outside of hoof
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11
Q

Base wide

A

Increased force on inside of hoof

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12
Q

CARPAL VALGUS

A

is lateral deviation of the fore limb from the carpus distally “knock kneed”

common ANGULAR LIMB DEFORMITY

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13
Q

ANGULAR LIMB DEFORMITY; caused by carpal valgus

A
  • Increased tension on medial collateral
    ligaments (increased forces acting at
    either end of ligament)
  • Increased compression (compaction) on
    lateral splint bone (MC4)
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14
Q

CARPAL VARUS

A

medial deviation of the fore limb from the carpus distally “bow legged”
* Increased tension lateral collateral
ligaments
* Increased pressure on medial splint
bone (MC2)

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15
Q

“bench knee”

A

If canon bone (MC3) is offset laterally

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16
Q

“over at knee”

A

Cranial/dorsal deviation (slight flexion) of MC3

  • Often congenital but may straighten with
    time (3-4 months)
  • Strain on carpal & digital flexors, suspensory ligament & proximal sesamoid bones
17
Q

Lateral stance

A

Line dropped from scapular (trapezius)
tuberosity should bisect limb down to fetlock

18
Q

STAND UNDER

A
  • front limbs too far under body
  • Can be due to disease/injury rather than
    conformation
  • Shortens stride & predisposes to
    stumbling
19
Q

CAMPED IN FRONT or SAND CAMPED

A
  • front limbs too far forwards
  • Again may be due to disease or injury
20
Q

Tarsal VALGUS

A

BASE-WIDE in hind limbs

Commonly associated with cowhocked conformation

21
Q

TARSAL VARUS

A

BASE-NARROW
* Often in heavily muscles horses
* Feet usually toe-in
* Bow-legged appearance (TARSAL VARUS)
* Predisposes to limb inferference

22
Q

SICKLE HOCKS

A
  • Limb under pelvis & abdomen from hock distally
  • Predisposes to inflammation of long plantar lig
    (“curb”)
  • back limb too far forward
23
Q

STRAIGHT HOCKS

A
  • Very straight (upright)
  • Predispose to spavin, locking of the patella,
    suspensory desmitis
24
Q

No matter how good the conformation is in other area, poor foot conformation often results in

A

lameness

25
Q

Conformation of foot can be improved/assisted by good

A

farriery

26
Q

club foot

A

too much on tippy toes; cut inferior check lig to

27
Q

Line through pastern joint should bisect

A

P1 & P2
Pastern angle is angle of pastern line to ground

28
Q

Foot Axis

A

Line of hoof wall, foot angle

29
Q

Foot angle should be same as

A

pastern angle

30
Q
  • LONG PASTERN
A
  • Associated with small foot & pastern angles
  • More comfortable ride but strain on suspensory apparatus
    more angled foot
31
Q

SHORT PASTERN

A
  • Large foot & pastern angles
  • Increases concussive forces predisposing to injury
    more straight up and down foot
32
Q

BROKEN AXIS

A

When foot & pastern axes are
different (not aligned)

33
Q

kyphosis

A

hunch back

34
Q

lordosis

A

swaybacked

Vets1021: loco (25 decks)

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