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Vets1021: loco > horse hind limb anatomy > Flashcards

horse hind limb anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

QUADRICEPS FEMORIS

A
  • Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis,
    vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
  • Shorter, fatter than in dogs
  • Not needed during rest when
    patella locked
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2
Q

HAMSTRINGS similar to dog but with

A

vertebral attachments (origins)

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3
Q

Gluteofemoralis muscle insertion into

A
  • insertion into lateral patellar ligament
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4
Q

Biceps femoris (caudal head) insertion

A

insertion: tibia, crural fascia,
via its tarsal tendon on calcaneus

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5
Q

Semitendinosus muscle

A

insertion: cranial border of
tibia, crural fascia, via tarsal
tendon on calcaneus

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6
Q

can the horse independently flex the hock

A

no

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7
Q

how does horse flex/ extend hock

A

Flexion & extension of hock locked in parallel with stifle by reciprocal apparatus.

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8
Q

long digital extensor

A
  • Origin: lat. condyle of femur
  • Insertion: Extensor process of distal phalanx;
    secondarily on proximal and middle phalanges
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9
Q

lateral digital extensor

A
  • Origin: lat. collat. lig of stifle and nearby tibia and fibula
  • Insertion: joins long extensor tendon
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10
Q

peroneus tertius

A
  • Origin: Lat. condyle of femur
  • Insertion: By 4 branches on all tarsal bones (except T1+2) & on MT3
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11
Q

tibialis cranialis

A
  • Origin: Lat. condyle & tuberosity of tibia
  • Insertion: Dorsal branches on T3 & proximal end MTIII, Medial branch on T1+2
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12
Q

cranial tibial tendon has a branch on medial side called the

A

cunean tendon

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13
Q

extensor retinaculum of hind leg

A

3 Extensor retinaculums forms multiple bands
of deep fascia covering extensor tendons
* Proximal (tibial) extensor retinaculum
* Intermediate (tarsal) extensor
retinaculum
* Distal (metatarsal) extensor
retinaculum

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14
Q

under cunean tendon there is

A

cunean bursa

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15
Q

long digital extensor and lateral digital extensor have their own

A

tendon sheaths

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15
Q

deep digital flexor is actually called

A

lateral digital flexor and medial digital flexor, only called deep when gets down to tendon, also tibialis caudalis is like fused to lateral digital extensor (tibialis caudalis is more superficial) and they share the same tendon

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16
Q

lateral digital flexor

A
  • Origin: caudal surface of tibia with tibialis caudalis
  • Insertion: in P3
17
Q

tibialis caudalis

A
  • Origin: caudal surface of tibia with lat dig flexor
  • Insertion: in P3
  • muscle belly is superifical to lateral digital flexor
18
Q

medial digital flexor

A
  • Origin: lat tibial condyle
  • Insertion: in P3
19
Q

the deep digital flexor tendons pass over the

A

sustentaculum tali. Joins common
deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) in metatarsus

20
Q

deep digital flexor muscles ___ hock and ___ digit

A

extend
flex

21
Q

POPLITEUS MUSCLE & TENDON

A
  • Origin: lat. condyle of femur
  • Insertion: caudomedial
    border of tibia
22
Q

soleus

A
  • Origin: prox. end of fibula
  • Insertion: proximal to the
    calcaneal tendon
23
Q

common calcaneal tendon

A
  • SDFT
  • Gastrocnemius tendon
  • Tarsal tendon (femoral muscles)
  • Semitendinous (med)
  • Biceps Femoris (lat)
24
Q

superficial digital flexor

A

Origin: Supracondylar fossa femur
Insertion: Calcaneal insertions, P1-P2

25
Q

gastrocnemius

A

Origin: Medial & lateral heads, supracondylar tuberosities of the femur
Insertion: Calcaneal tuber

26
Q

what lies under gastrocnemius tendon

A

gastrocnemius bursa

27
Q

what lies under superficial digital flexor tendon (inbetween SDFT and gastroc tendon at level of hock)

A

calcaneal bursa

28
Q

the calcaneal bursa and gastroc bursa always communciate ______

A

laterally

29
Q

calcaneal bursa and gastroc bursa are congential, but what is another bursa that may be acquired (not congenital)

A

subcutaneous bursa

30
Q

veins follow arteries except

A

saphenous vein over tibia on medial side

31
Q

sciatic nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • semimem
  • semiten
  • biceps femoris
  • rotator muscles of hip
32
Q

femoral nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • sublumbar muscles
  • quadriceps femoris
  • sartorius
33
Q

obturator nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • pectineus
  • gracillis
  • adductor
  • external obturator
34
Q

cranial gluteal nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • tensor fascia lata
  • gluteal muscles
35
Q

caudal gluteal nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • superficial and middle gluteal
  • vertebral head of biceps femoris
  • semiten
36
Q

common peroneal nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • biceps femoris
  • flexors of hock
  • extensors of digits
37
Q

tibial nerve supplies what muscles

A
  • extensors of hock
  • flexors of digit
38
Q

nerve branches

A
  • sciatic into common peroneal (lateral) and tibial nerve (medial caudal)
  • common peroneal into deep peroneal and superficial peroneal
  • deep peroneal into med and lat dorsal metatarsal nerves
  • medial dorsal metatrsal nerve into medial dorsal digital nerves
  • lateral dorsal metatarsal nerve into lateral dorsal digital nerve
  • tibial nerve into lateral medial plantar nerves
  • lat and med plantar nerves into lat and med digital plantar nerves (both of which have dorsal branches)
  • lat plantar nerve ALSO goes into lat plantar metatarsal nerve (which goes into lat dorsal digital nerve ) AND medial plantar metatarsal nerve which also goes into med dorsal digital nerve
39
Q

hind has both _____ nerves

A

plantar and dorsal

40
Q

The arrangement of the digital vessels is essentially identical in the hind
limb to that in the front limb However, the hind limb digital vessels have more

A

collateral circulation contributing to their formation than in the forelimb

41
Q

The arrangement of the plantar digital nerves is essentially identical to that of the palmar digital nerves. BUT the hind limb also has

A

dorsal digital nerves
Important when doing nerve blocks involving the hind limb

Vets1021: loco (25 decks)

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