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Regional Anatomy > The oral cavity > Flashcards

The oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

what are the tissue folds either side of the uvula of the soft palate

A

arches

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2
Q

the anterior folds either side of the uvula of the soft palate are called

A

palatoglossal arches

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3
Q

the posterior folds either side of the uvula of the soft palate are called

A

palatopharyngeal arches

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4
Q

how are the arches created

A

by muscles of the palate that pass to the tongue and pharynx

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5
Q

what is found in between the arches

A

collection of lymphoid tissue called the palatine tonsils

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6
Q

what is another name for the opening of the oral cavity - mouth

A

fauces

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7
Q

the lateral walls of the oral cavity are called

A

buccinator

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8
Q

what muscle forms a diaphragm in the floor of the mouth

A

mylohyoid

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9
Q

what is found superior to mylohyoid forming a diaphragm in the floor of the mouth

A

geniohyoid (inside the mouth)

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10
Q

what is found inferior to mylohyoid forming a diaphragm in the floor of the mouth

A

anterior belly of digastric (in anterior triangle of neck)

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11
Q

what does ‘genio’ mean

A

mandible

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12
Q

what does ‘glossus’ mean

A

tongue

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13
Q

where does mylohyoid attach on the mandible

A

mylohyoid line of the mandible

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14
Q

where does geniohyoid attach on the mandible

A

inferior genial tubercle

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15
Q

where does genioglossus attach on the mandible

A

superior genial tubercle

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16
Q

what is the principle function of the supra-hyoid muscles

A

elevate the hyoid bone

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17
Q

what is the innervation of mylohyoid

A

mandibular division of the trigeminal (CN V3)

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18
Q

what is the function of mylohyoid

A

elevate hyoid bone and oral floor
depress mandible

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19
Q

what is the innervation of the posterior belly of digastric

A

facial nerve CN VII

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20
Q

what is the innervation of the anterior belly of digastric

A

mandibular division of the trigeminal (CN V3)

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21
Q

what is the function of the anterior division of the digastric

A

elevate hyoid or depress mandible

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22
Q

what is the innervation of stylohyoid

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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23
Q

what is the function of stylohyoid

A

elevate hyoid

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24
Q

what is the innervation of geniohyoid

A

C1 in hypoglossal

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25
Q

what is the function of geniohyoid

A

elevate hyoid bone

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26
Q

what 2 muscles sit either side of the stylomastoid foramen where the facial nerve exits the skull

A

posterior belly of digastric
stylohyoid

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27
Q

where does the posterior belly of digastric attach

A

mastoid process

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28
Q

where does stylohyoid attach

A

styloid process of temporal bone

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29
Q

what nerve innervates the lower teeth and gums and the muscles of mastication

A

mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

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30
Q

why does it make sense that the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve innervates the mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric

A

both attach to the mandible

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31
Q

why is geniohyoid innervated by C1 carried in hypoglossal

A

sits close to hypoglossal nerve

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32
Q

the majority of the submandibular gland crosses over the surface of what muscle to lie in the floor of the mouth

A

mylohyoid

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33
Q

where is the sublingual gland

A

lies entirely in the floor of the mouth under the tongue

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34
Q

where does the parotid gland open

A

at the upper second molar at each side

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35
Q

where do the submandibular glands open

A

duct that opens between the 1st and 2nd incisors either side of the frenulum in floor of mouth

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36
Q

where does the sublingual gland open

A

many small ducts that open directly into the floor of the mouth

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37
Q

what supplies parasympathetic secretomotor to the submandibular gland

A

CN VII

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38
Q

what supplies parasympathetic secretomotor to the parotid gland

39
Q

what supplies parasympathetic secretomotor to the sublingual gland

40
Q

describe the relationship of the submandibular duct and the lingual nerve

A

lingual nerve initially superior then passes inferior

41
Q

what supplies sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

lingual nerve

42
Q

the lingual nerve is a branch of what

A

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

43
Q

what carries taste and sympathetic fibres from the facial nerve

A

lingual nerve

44
Q

what is the main motor supply to the tongue musculature

A

hypoglossal nerve

45
Q

the hypoglossal nerve is where in relation to the submandibular duct

46
Q

what are the largest papillae on the tongue

A

vallate papillae

47
Q

where are the vallate papillae found

A

form a line 2/3 of the way along the tongue

48
Q

why is the posterior third of the tongue bumpy

A

presence of the lingual tonsil which is embedded into this part of the tongue

49
Q

describe the lymphoid tissue of the mouth

A

lingual and palatine tonsils guard the entrance to the oropharynx
further lymphoid tissue (nasopharyngeal tonsil or adenoidal tonsil) to protect nasopharynx

50
Q

what lymphoid tissue protects the nasopharynx

A

nasopharyngeal tonsil/adenoidal tonsil

51
Q

what is the line that marks the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

foramen caecum

52
Q

what are the taste buds at the front of the tongue

53
Q

what are the taste buds in the middle of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

54
Q

what are the taste buds behid the vallate taste buds

55
Q

what are the 4 taste buds of the lingual papillae

A

foliate
vallate
filiform
fungiform

56
Q

the posterior 1/3 of the tongue is also called

A

post-sulcal part (root)

57
Q

the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is also called

A

presulcal part (body)

58
Q

the anterior 2/3 of the tongue receives general sensory input from

A

lingual nerve (CN V3)

59
Q

the anterior 2/3 of the tongue receives special taste sensation from

A

the facial nerve carried by the lingual nerve

60
Q

how do fibres from the facial nerve reach the anterior 2/3 of the tongue to supply special taste sensation

A

chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve carries these fibres and joins the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa

61
Q

the chorda tympani joins the lingual nerve where

A

infratemporal fossa

62
Q

what supplies general sensory and special sensory to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

A

glossopharyngeal

63
Q

some texts will show what nerve supplying a small area at the most posterior part of the tongue

A

vagus (internal laryngeal nerve)

64
Q

what is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

change shape of tongue to mould food bolus - muscle fibres orientated in different directions to allow this to happen

65
Q

what nerve innervates all of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

hypoglossal CN XII

66
Q

what is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

move the tongue around the oral cavity, this helps to mould food and allows bolus of food to be passed to the back of the oral cavity in preparation for swallowing

67
Q

what are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

genioglossus
palatoglossus
styloglossus
hyoglossus

68
Q

what is the movement of genioglossus

A

depress tongue and protrude tip

69
Q

what is the movement of palatoglossus

A

elevate tongue (move soft palate)

70
Q

what is the movement of styloglossus

A

elevate, retract tongue

71
Q

what is the movement of hyoglossus

A

depress tongue

72
Q

what are the attachments of hyoglossus

A

hyoid bone and tongue

73
Q

what are the attachments of styloglossus

A

styloid process and tongue

74
Q

what are the attachments of palatoglossus

75
Q

what are the attachments of genioglossus

A

mandible and tongue

76
Q

the hypoglossal nerve innervates all of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue except

A

palatoglossus

77
Q

what innervates palatoglossus

A

vagus nerve CN X in the pharyngeal plexus

78
Q

what is the blood supply to the tongue

A

from the lingual artery

79
Q

describe the course of the lingual artery

A

the lingual artery is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve, psases under the hyoglossus and enters the floor of the mouth

80
Q

the lingual artery is crossed by the ____ nerve, passes under the ______ and enters the floor of the mouth

A

cross by the hypoglossal nerve

passes under hyoglossus

81
Q

what does the lingual artery supply

A

floor of the mouth, the extrinsic muscles and sends a deep branch into the body of the tongue

82
Q

where is the deep lingual artery found

A

body of the tongue

83
Q

where does the lingual artery come from

A

2nd anterior branch of the ECA

84
Q

where does the tongue drain blood

A

mainly to the lingual vein

85
Q

what does the lingual vein communicate with

A

internal jugular vein

86
Q

special sensory to anterior 2/3 tongue

A

chorda tympani (CN VII)

87
Q

general sensory to anterior 2/3 tongue

A

lingual nerve CNV3

88
Q

the lingual nerve descends into the tongue from the —– fossa

A

infratemporal fossa

89
Q

where does the hypoglossal nerve pass from

A

hypoglossal canal at the base of the skull

90
Q

the hypoglossal nerve passes ______ to hyoglossus

91
Q

the hypoglossal nerve passes over (anterior to) hyoglossus and under (posterior to) —— to enter the floor of the mouth

A

under (posterior to) mylohyoid

92
Q

where do nodes from the tip of the tongue drain

93
Q

where do nodes from the lateral edges of the tongue drain

A

submandibular

94
Q

central and posterior parts of the tongue drain where

A

deep cervical

Regional Anatomy (36 decks)

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