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Regional Anatomy > Pelvic nerves > Flashcards

Pelvic nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what is the lumbosacral trunk

A

L4 and L5 nerve roots form a lumbosacral trunk which carry nerve fibres to join S1 nerve root at the start of the sacral plexus

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2
Q

what is the sacral component of the sacral plexus

A

S1-S4

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3
Q

what is the largest nerve from the sacral plexus

A

sciatic nerve

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4
Q

what are the roots of the sciatic nerve

A

L4,L5,S1-3 (L4-S3)

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5
Q

the sciatic nerve forms on the anterior surface of what muscle

A

piriformis

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6
Q

where does the sciatic nerve form

A

anterior surface of piriformis muscle on the lateral internal wall of the pelvis

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7
Q

the sciatic nerve passes out of the pelvis via what to reach the gluteal region

A

greater sciatic notch

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8
Q

how is the sciatic nerve identified in the gluteal region

A

very large nerve passing from beneath piriformis to then pass down the posterior surface of the thigh

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9
Q

what does the sciatic nerve supply

A

posterior compartment of the thigh (hamstring muscles) and then divides into branches that supply all of the muscles of the leg and foot
it also carries sensory fibres

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10
Q

what are the roots of the superior gluteal nerve

A

L4, L5, S1

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11
Q

what are the roots of the inferior gluteal nerve

A

L5, S1, S2

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12
Q

what does the superior gluteal nerve supply

A

gluteus medius and minimus

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13
Q

what does the inferior gluteal nerve supply

A

gluteus maximus

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14
Q

how are the superior and inferior gluteal nerves identified in the gluteal region

A

pass through the greater sciatic foramen immediately above and below piriformis

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15
Q

what are the roots of the nerve to the obturator internus

A

direct L5 - S1

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16
Q

what does the nerve to obturator internus supply

A

obturator internus
may also supply superior gemellus muscle

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17
Q

what are the roots of the nerve to piriformis

A

direct from S1 - S2

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18
Q

what does nerve to piriformis supply

A

piriformis

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19
Q

levator ani and coccygeus both receive fibres from what nerve root

A

S4

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20
Q

levator ani receives direct fibres from S4 nerve root and also

A

pudendal nerve

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21
Q

what are the roots of the pudendal nerve

A

S2-4

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22
Q

why is the pudendal nerve important in maintaining continence

A

supplies both the external (voluntary) sphincters of the urethra and anal canal

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23
Q

the pudendal nerve forms from nerve roots ____ in the pelvis close to the ____ ____

A

S2-4, close to the pelvic floor

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24
Q

pudendal nerve passes through the ____, goes around the ____ and then through the ____ to reach the _____ and then the ____

A

pudendal nerve passes through the greater sciatic foramen, goes around the ischial spine and then through the lesser sciatic foramen to reach the anal triangle and then the perineum

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25
Q

what is used as a landmark in pudendal nerve block

A

ischial spine

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26
Q

what muscles does the pudendal nerve suppply

A

levator ani
external anal and external urethral sphincters
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus

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27
Q

the pudendal nerve provides what kind of innervation

A

motor and sensory

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28
Q

the internal organs of the pelvis and the erectile tissues of the perineum are supplied by

A

ANS

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29
Q

where is the superior hypogastric plexus found

A

sits at the bifurcation of the aorta into the common iliac arteries

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30
Q

the superior hypogastric plexus carries what

A

sympathetic nerve fibres

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31
Q

where is the inferior hypogastric plexus found

A

internal lateral wall of the pelvis (one on each side)

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32
Q

the inferior hypogastric plexus carries what

A

mix of sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres

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33
Q

the vagus nerve supplies the abdominal viscera with parasympathetic innervation up until

A

2/3 transverse colon

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34
Q

the hindgut was supplied with parasympathetic innervation from

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4

35
Q

the sympathetic supply to the pelvic organs is from

A

lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves derived from the sympathetic chains

36
Q

the pelvic organs receive parasympathetic supply from

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves from roots S2-4

37
Q

sympathetic stimulation does what to the rectum

A

decrease movement

38
Q

sympathetic stimulation does what to the internal anal and urethral sphincters

A

contract

39
Q

sympathetic stimulation does what to the bladder detrusor muscle

A

relax

40
Q

sympathetic stimulation does what to the male reproductive organs

A

ejaculation - contracts ductus deferens and seminal vesicles

41
Q

sympathetic stimulation does what to the uterus

A

relax/contract - modified by hormonal pathways

42
Q

sympathetic stimulation does what to the arteries

A

vasoconstriction

43
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation does what to the rectum and anal canal

A

increase motility

44
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation does what to the internal anal sphincter

A

relax

45
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation does what to the bladder

A

contracts detrusor and inhibits contraction of the internal sphincter

46
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation does what to the seminal vesicles, ductus deferens and uterus

A

no effect

47
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation does what to the arteries

A

vasodilation

48
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation causing vasodilation allows what

A

erection

49
Q

parasympathetic supply to the pelvis comes from

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4

50
Q

what nerves supply the penis

A

dorsal nerve of the penis
cavernous nerves

51
Q

the dorsal nerve of the penis originates from what

A

pudendal nerve

52
Q

the cavernous nerves originate from what

A

prostatic nerve plexus

53
Q

the dorsal nerve of the penis is what type of nerve

A

somatic sensory and sympathetic

54
Q

the cavernous nerves carry what type of innervation

A

parasympathetic

55
Q

the penis gets somatic sensory and sympathetic innervation from what nerve

A

dorsal nerve of penis from pudendal nerve (S2-4)

56
Q

what nerve supplies the male perineal muscles e.g. bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus

A

perienal branch from the pudendal nerve

57
Q

the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve carries what type of innervation

A

somatic motor

58
Q

what nerves supply the scrotum

A

anterior and posterior scrotal nerves

59
Q

the anterior scrotal nerve originates from what

A

ilioinguinal and genitofemoral

60
Q

the posterior scrotal nerve originates from what

A

perineal branch of the pudendal nerve

61
Q

the anterior and posterior scrotal nerves carry what type of innervation

A

somatic sensory

62
Q

what nerve supplies the anterior perineum in females

A

anterior labial nerve

63
Q

the anterior labial nerve originates from what

A

ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves

64
Q

the anterior labial nerve carries what innervation

A

somatic sensory

65
Q

what nerve supplies the posterior perineum in females

A

perineal branch

66
Q

the perineal branch that supplies the posterior perineum in females originates from what

A

pudendal nerve and posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

67
Q

the perineal branch that supplies the posterior perineum in females carries what type of innervation

A

somatic sensory

68
Q

what nerve supplies the labia

A

posterior labial nerve

69
Q

where does the posterior labial nerve originate

A

pudendal nerve

70
Q

what kind of innervation does the posterior labial nerve carry

A

somatic sensory

71
Q

what nerve supplies the orifice of the vagina

A

deep branch of the pudendal nerve

72
Q

what kind of innervation does the deep branch of the pudendal nerve carry

A

somatic sensory

73
Q

what nerves innervate the superficial perineal muscles in the female

A

muscular branches of the pudendal nerve

74
Q

what innervation do the muscular branches of the pudendal nerve carry

A

somatic motor

75
Q

what is the innervation of the clitoris and deep perineal muscles

A

dorsal nerve of the clitoris

76
Q

where does the dorsal nerve of the clitoris originate

A

pudendal nerve

77
Q

what kind of innervation does the dorsal nerve of the clitoris carry

A

somatic motor and sensory

78
Q

what is the innervation of the bulb of the vestibule and clitoris

A

cavernous nerves

79
Q

where do the cavernous nerves originate

A

utero-vaginal plexus

80
Q

what kind of innervation do the cavernous nerves carry

A

parasympathetic

81
Q

what nerves supply the dermatomes of the perineum

A

sacral nerves

82
Q

sensory innervation to the genitalia

A

pudendal nerve

83
Q

sensory innervation to the anterior skin of the pelvis

A

ilioinguinal, genitofemoral and pudendal nerves

Regional Anatomy (36 decks)

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