Femoral triangle Flashcards
what are the nerves of the lumbar plexus
iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal
genitofemoral
lat. cut. nerve thigh
lumbosacral trunk
femoral
obturator
what does the genitofemoral nerve supply in the lower limb
femoral branch will give cutaneous innervation to the lower limb
what does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply in the lower limb
cutaneous innervation to the thigh
what does the femoral nerve supply in the lower limb
muscles of anterior compartment of the thigh and cutaneous branches
what does the obturator nerve supply in the lower limb
muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh and sensory branches
where does the obturator nerve pass in the pelvis
runs along lateral wall of pelvis
what fibres does the lumbosacral trunk take from the lumbar plexus
L4 and L5
the lumbosacral trunk carries fibres from L4 L5 and passes into pelvis to unit with branches from the sacral plexus to form
sciatic nerve
does the sciatic nerve supply the gluteal region
no it passes through here but does not supply
what does the sciatic nerve supply in the lower limb
muscles of posterior compartment of the thigh and also the leg
what structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen
sciatic and gluteal nerves and vessels
what nerve passes deep to the inguinal ligament through the subinguinal space
femoral nerve
the femoral nerve passes deep to the inguinal ligament through the subinguinal space accompanied by what
femoral artery and vein
what structures pass through the obturator canal
obturator nerve and vessels
what is the obturator canal
obturator foramen is covered in ligamentous layer but has a small opening; the obturator canal
the gluteal nerves arise from
sacral plexus
the gluteal nerves and vessels pass through where to leave the pelvis
greater sciatic foramen
the sciatic nerve passes through where to exit the pelvis
greater sciatic foramen
what are the roots of the femoral nerve
L2 L3 L4 posterior divisions
the femoral nerve passes in the _____ space to reach the _____ thigh to give _____ innervation
subinguinal space
anterior thigh
motor and sensory
what are the roots of the obturator nerve
L2 L3 L4
the obturator nerve passes through the ______ to reach the ____ thigh where it gives _____ innervation
obturator canal
medial thigh
motor innervation and a small area of cutaneous innervation
what are the roots of the sacral nerve
L4, L5 from lumbosacral trunk
S1,2,3 sacral nerves
L4-S3
what does the sciatic nerve supply
posterior thigh and branches that supply the leg and foot
the sciatic nerve forms where
pelvic cavity
the sciatic nerve passes through where to leave the pelvis
greater sciatic foramen
the sciatic nerve supplies all of the muscles in the ____ compartment of the thigh
posterior
where does the great saphenous vein begin
dorsum of the foot just proximal to big toe
the great saphenous vein is deep/superficial
superficial
the great saphenous vein passes _____ to the medial malleolus
anterior
describe the path of the great saphenous vein
begins on the dorsum of the foot just proximal to the great toe. Passes anterior to the medial malleolus, then travels up the medial leg and passes posteriorly behind the knee joint, then up the antero-medial thigh and wraps around to empty into the femoral vein
where does the great saphenous vein drain
femoral vein
what other vessels drain into the great saphenous vein where it drains into the femoral vein and also directly into the femoral vein
superficial epigastric vein
superficial circumflex vein
what accessory vein is seen in many individuals
accessory saphenous vein that is more anterior on the thigh and forms quite a large vessel that empties into the great saphenous vein
what is the name of the superficial vein found only in the foot and lef
short saphenous vein
where does the short saphenous vein run
posterior aspect of the leg in the midline
the short saphenous vein passes ____ the lateral malleolus
behind
where does the short saphenous vein end
the knee joint
what does the short saphenous vein drain into and where
ends at the knee joint where it drains deep into the popliteal vein
what is the largest deep vein located posterior to the knee
popliteal vein
where do superficial structures of the lower limb drain lymph
via small lymphatic channels towards the superficial inguinal lymph nodes
what are the two groups of superficial inguinal nodes
horizontal and vertical
what do the horizontal superficial inguinal group drain?
medial; anterior abdominal wall and lower half of anal canal
lateral; posterior abdominal wall
what do the vertical superficial inguinal group grain
superficial structures of the lower limb
what supplies most of the cutaneous innervation of the anterior thigh
anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve (L2-4)
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the upper lateral anterior thigh just below the hip
lateral cutaneous branch of T12 (subcostal nerve)
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the lateral anterior thigh
lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2, L3)
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the upper middle anterior thigh
femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2)
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the medial upper thigh
ilioinguinal (L1)
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the medial thigh just below ilioinguinal innervation
cutaneous branch of obturator L2 3 4
the deep fascia of the lower limb in the thigh is called what
fascia latae
the deep fascia of the leg is called what
crural fascia
what does the fascia latae form laterally
thickens laterally to form the iliotibial tract
where does the iliotibial tract run
iliac tubercle to the anterolateral tibial tubercle
what is the function of the iliotibial tract
helps support the femur on the tibia when standing
what forms the roof of the femoral triangle
fascia latae, cribriform fascia, subcutaneous tissue and skin
what is the weak area of the roof of the femoral triangle
saphenous hiatus
what is the saphenous hiatus
opening in the fascia latae where the great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein
what fascia covers the saphenous hiatus
cribriform fascia - seive like
what is the function of the cribriform fascia
has many holes for passage of small lymphatic vessels as well as opening for great saphenous vein draining deep into femoral vein
what is the base of the femoral triangle
inguinal ligament
what is the lateral border of the femoral triangle
sartorius muscle
what is interesting about sartorius muscle
longest muscle in the body
what is the medial border of the femoral triangle
adductor longus
what 2 answers can you give for the medial border of the femoral triangle
either the adductor longus or the medial border of adductor longus
if you say medial border of adductor longus as the medial border of the femoral triangle what must you remember when talking about the floor
if say the medial border of adductor longus you have to include this muscle in the floor
what makes up the lateral floor of the femoral triangle
iliopsoas
what makes up the medial floor of the femoral triangle
pectineus (and adductor longus)
what are the contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial
NAVL
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
lymphatics
what is the most lateral structure in the femoral triangle
femoral nerve
what is the most medial structure in the femoral triangle
lymphatics
what is the femoral sheath
fascia surrounding the vascular structure of the femoral triangle
what is included in the femoral sheath
femoral artery femoral vein lymphatics
i.e. NOT femoral nerve
the femoral nerve is closely associated with what muscle
iliopsoas
the femoral nerve will enter the anterior compartment of the thigh on the surface of what muscle
iliopsoas
what forms the femoral sheath superiorly
transversalis fascia and iliopsoas fasica
what forms the femoral sheath distally
adventitia of the femoral vessels
what is the femoral canal
potential space medially within the femoral sheath
what is found in the femoral canal
lymphatics and fat
what is the structure of the femoral sheath
partitions between structures
what is found most medially in the femoral sheath
femoral canal with fat and lymphatics
