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Regional Anatomy > Femoral triangle > Flashcards

Femoral triangle Flashcards

1
Q

what are the nerves of the lumbar plexus

A

iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal
genitofemoral
lat. cut. nerve thigh
lumbosacral trunk
femoral
obturator

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2
Q

what does the genitofemoral nerve supply in the lower limb

A

femoral branch will give cutaneous innervation to the lower limb

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3
Q

what does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply in the lower limb

A

cutaneous innervation to the thigh

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4
Q

what does the femoral nerve supply in the lower limb

A

muscles of anterior compartment of the thigh and cutaneous branches

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5
Q

what does the obturator nerve supply in the lower limb

A

muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh and sensory branches

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6
Q

where does the obturator nerve pass in the pelvis

A

runs along lateral wall of pelvis

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7
Q

what fibres does the lumbosacral trunk take from the lumbar plexus

A

L4 and L5

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8
Q

the lumbosacral trunk carries fibres from L4 L5 and passes into pelvis to unit with branches from the sacral plexus to form

A

sciatic nerve

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9
Q

does the sciatic nerve supply the gluteal region

A

no it passes through here but does not supply

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10
Q

what does the sciatic nerve supply in the lower limb

A

muscles of posterior compartment of the thigh and also the leg

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11
Q

what structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen

A

sciatic and gluteal nerves and vessels

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12
Q

what nerve passes deep to the inguinal ligament through the subinguinal space

A

femoral nerve

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13
Q

the femoral nerve passes deep to the inguinal ligament through the subinguinal space accompanied by what

A

femoral artery and vein

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14
Q

what structures pass through the obturator canal

A

obturator nerve and vessels

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15
Q

what is the obturator canal

A

obturator foramen is covered in ligamentous layer but has a small opening; the obturator canal

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16
Q

the gluteal nerves arise from

A

sacral plexus

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17
Q

the gluteal nerves and vessels pass through where to leave the pelvis

A

greater sciatic foramen

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18
Q

the sciatic nerve passes through where to exit the pelvis

A

greater sciatic foramen

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19
Q

what are the roots of the femoral nerve

A

L2 L3 L4 posterior divisions

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20
Q

the femoral nerve passes in the _____ space to reach the _____ thigh to give _____ innervation

A

subinguinal space
anterior thigh
motor and sensory

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21
Q

what are the roots of the obturator nerve

A

L2 L3 L4

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22
Q

the obturator nerve passes through the ______ to reach the ____ thigh where it gives _____ innervation

A

obturator canal
medial thigh
motor innervation and a small area of cutaneous innervation

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23
Q

what are the roots of the sacral nerve

A

L4, L5 from lumbosacral trunk
S1,2,3 sacral nerves

L4-S3

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24
Q

what does the sciatic nerve supply

A

posterior thigh and branches that supply the leg and foot

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25
Q

the sciatic nerve forms where

A

pelvic cavity

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26
Q

the sciatic nerve passes through where to leave the pelvis

A

greater sciatic foramen

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27
Q

the sciatic nerve supplies all of the muscles in the ____ compartment of the thigh

A

posterior

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28
Q

where does the great saphenous vein begin

A

dorsum of the foot just proximal to big toe

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29
Q

the great saphenous vein is deep/superficial

A

superficial

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30
Q

the great saphenous vein passes _____ to the medial malleolus

A

anterior

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31
Q

describe the path of the great saphenous vein

A

begins on the dorsum of the foot just proximal to the great toe. Passes anterior to the medial malleolus, then travels up the medial leg and passes posteriorly behind the knee joint, then up the antero-medial thigh and wraps around to empty into the femoral vein

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32
Q

where does the great saphenous vein drain

A

femoral vein

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33
Q

what other vessels drain into the great saphenous vein where it drains into the femoral vein and also directly into the femoral vein

A

superficial epigastric vein
superficial circumflex vein

34
Q

what accessory vein is seen in many individuals

A

accessory saphenous vein that is more anterior on the thigh and forms quite a large vessel that empties into the great saphenous vein

35
Q

what is the name of the superficial vein found only in the foot and lef

A

short saphenous vein

36
Q

where does the short saphenous vein run

A

posterior aspect of the leg in the midline

37
Q

the short saphenous vein passes ____ the lateral malleolus

A

behind

38
Q

where does the short saphenous vein end

A

the knee joint

39
Q

what does the short saphenous vein drain into and where

A

ends at the knee joint where it drains deep into the popliteal vein

40
Q

what is the largest deep vein located posterior to the knee

A

popliteal vein

41
Q

where do superficial structures of the lower limb drain lymph

A

via small lymphatic channels towards the superficial inguinal lymph nodes

42
Q

what are the two groups of superficial inguinal nodes

A

horizontal and vertical

43
Q

what do the horizontal superficial inguinal group drain?

A

medial; anterior abdominal wall and lower half of anal canal
lateral; posterior abdominal wall

44
Q

what do the vertical superficial inguinal group grain

A

superficial structures of the lower limb

45
Q

what supplies most of the cutaneous innervation of the anterior thigh

A

anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve (L2-4)

46
Q

what supplies cutaneous innervation to the upper lateral anterior thigh just below the hip

A

lateral cutaneous branch of T12 (subcostal nerve)

47
Q

what supplies cutaneous innervation to the lateral anterior thigh

A

lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2, L3)

48
Q

what supplies cutaneous innervation to the upper middle anterior thigh

A

femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2)

49
Q

what supplies cutaneous innervation to the medial upper thigh

A

ilioinguinal (L1)

50
Q

what supplies cutaneous innervation to the medial thigh just below ilioinguinal innervation

A

cutaneous branch of obturator L2 3 4

51
Q

the deep fascia of the lower limb in the thigh is called what

A

fascia latae

52
Q

the deep fascia of the leg is called what

A

crural fascia

53
Q

what does the fascia latae form laterally

A

thickens laterally to form the iliotibial tract

54
Q

where does the iliotibial tract run

A

iliac tubercle to the anterolateral tibial tubercle

55
Q

what is the function of the iliotibial tract

A

helps support the femur on the tibia when standing

56
Q

what forms the roof of the femoral triangle

A

fascia latae, cribriform fascia, subcutaneous tissue and skin

57
Q

what is the weak area of the roof of the femoral triangle

A

saphenous hiatus

58
Q

what is the saphenous hiatus

A

opening in the fascia latae where the great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein

59
Q

what fascia covers the saphenous hiatus

A

cribriform fascia - seive like

60
Q

what is the function of the cribriform fascia

A

has many holes for passage of small lymphatic vessels as well as opening for great saphenous vein draining deep into femoral vein

61
Q

what is the base of the femoral triangle

A

inguinal ligament

62
Q

what is the lateral border of the femoral triangle

A

sartorius muscle

63
Q

what is interesting about sartorius muscle

A

longest muscle in the body

64
Q

what is the medial border of the femoral triangle

A

adductor longus

65
Q

what 2 answers can you give for the medial border of the femoral triangle

A

either the adductor longus or the medial border of adductor longus

66
Q

if you say medial border of adductor longus as the medial border of the femoral triangle what must you remember when talking about the floor

A

if say the medial border of adductor longus you have to include this muscle in the floor

67
Q

what makes up the lateral floor of the femoral triangle

A

iliopsoas

68
Q

what makes up the medial floor of the femoral triangle

A

pectineus (and adductor longus)

69
Q

what are the contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial

A

NAVL
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
lymphatics

70
Q

what is the most lateral structure in the femoral triangle

A

femoral nerve

71
Q

what is the most medial structure in the femoral triangle

A

lymphatics

72
Q

what is the femoral sheath

A

fascia surrounding the vascular structure of the femoral triangle

73
Q

what is included in the femoral sheath

A

femoral artery femoral vein lymphatics
i.e. NOT femoral nerve

74
Q

the femoral nerve is closely associated with what muscle

A

iliopsoas

75
Q

the femoral nerve will enter the anterior compartment of the thigh on the surface of what muscle

A

iliopsoas

76
Q

what forms the femoral sheath superiorly

A

transversalis fascia and iliopsoas fasica

77
Q

what forms the femoral sheath distally

A

adventitia of the femoral vessels

78
Q

what is the femoral canal

A

potential space medially within the femoral sheath

79
Q

what is found in the femoral canal

A

lymphatics and fat

80
Q

what is the structure of the femoral sheath

A

partitions between structures

81
Q

what is found most medially in the femoral sheath

A

femoral canal with fat and lymphatics

Regional Anatomy (36 decks)

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