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Regional Anatomy > anterior and lateral leg > Flashcards

anterior and lateral leg Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the deep fascia of the leg

A

crural fascia

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2
Q

what are the 3 compartments of the leg

A

anterior
lateral
posterior

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3
Q

what divides the posterior compartment into superficial and deep

A

transverse muscular septum

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4
Q

what vein travels in the posterior leg

A

short saphenous

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5
Q

where does the great saphenous vein travel in the leg

A

medial aspect

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6
Q

why do the fibres of the interosseous membrane pass inferolaterally from the tibia to fibula

A

prevents downward dislocation of the fibula - only 1/9 muscles that attach to fibula pull it up

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7
Q

how many muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg

A

4

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8
Q

the anterior compartment of the leg is responsible for what movements

A

extension of ankle (dorsiflexion) and digits

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9
Q

how many muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg

A

2

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10
Q

the lateral compartment of the leg is responsible for what movements

A

evertors of the foot

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11
Q

the tendons of the lateral compartment of the leg pass ____ to the lateral malleolus

A

posterior

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12
Q

eversion occurs between what joints

A

joints of the bones of the foot

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13
Q

eversion causes the sole of the foot to face…

A

laterally

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14
Q

what are the 2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

peroneus longus and peroneus brevis

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15
Q

what are the attachments of peroneus longus

A

head and upper 2/3 of lateral fibula to the base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

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16
Q

what is the innervation of peroneus longus

A

superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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17
Q

what is the most superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg

A

peroneus longus

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18
Q

the tendon of peroneus longus passes ____ to the lateral malleolus

A

posterior

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19
Q

how does peroneus longus cause evertion

A

its tendon has a long path in the sole of the foot - passes over to medial side
- pulls lateral side of foot up and medial side of foot down

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20
Q

the superficial peroneal nerve is a terminal branch of what

A

common peroneal nerve

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21
Q

the common peroneal nerve is a terminal branch of what

A

sciatic nerve

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22
Q

what are the attachments of peroneus brevis

A

inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula to the tuberosity on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal

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23
Q

what is the innervation of peroneus brevis

A

superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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24
Q

does peroneus brevis cross the sole of the foot

A

no

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25
Q

the tendon of peroneus longus causes a groove on the inferior surface of what bone

A

cuboid

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26
Q

what are the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
peroneus tertius

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27
Q

what is the nerve supply of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

deep peroneal nerve L4 L5

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28
Q

the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg cause what action

A

dorsiflexion

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29
Q

what are the terminal branches of the common peroneal nerve

A

superficial and deep peroneal nerves

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30
Q

what are the attachments of tibialis anterior

A

lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 1/2 of lateral tibial surface and interosseous membrane to the medial and inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

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31
Q

what is the function of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexes ankle
inverts foot

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32
Q

the base of the first metatarsal and the cuneiform is the attachment site of tibialis anterior aswell as what

A

peroneus longus - opposing actions
PL trying to evert foot, TA trying to invert foot

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33
Q

what are the attachments of extensor digitorum longus

A

lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 3/4 of medial surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane to the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

34
Q

what is the action of extensor digitorum longus

A

extends lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes ankle

35
Q

what is the innervation of tibialis anterior

A

deep peroneal nerve L4 L5

36
Q

what is the innervation of extensor digitorum longus

A

deep peroneal nerve L4 L5

37
Q

what are the attachments of peroneus tertius

A

inferior 1/3 anterior fibula and interosseous membrane to the dorsum of the base of the 5th metatarsal

38
Q

what is the action of peroneus tertius

A

dorsiflex ankle
assists muscles of lateral compartment of foot in eversion as it attaches to lateral side of foot

39
Q

peroneus tertius has the tendency to blend with what

A

EDL

40
Q

what are the attachments of extensor hallucis longus

A

middle anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane to the dorsal aspect of the distal phalanx of hallux

41
Q

what is the action of extensor hallucis longus

A

extends hallux, dorsiflex ankle

42
Q

EHL is found in between what

A

EDL and TA

43
Q

what are the 2 parts of the extensor retinacula

A

superior and inferior

44
Q

what are the attachments of the superior extensor retinaculum

A

anterior border of tibia to the lower end of the fibula

45
Q

what shape is the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

Y shaped

46
Q

what are the attachments of the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

stem attached to calcaneus laterally
upper limb attached to medial malleolus
lower limb passes around medial border of foot to blend with dense fascia over abductor hallucis

47
Q

what is the attachment of the stem of the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

calcaneus

48
Q

what is the attachment of the upper limb of the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

medial malleolus

49
Q

what is the attachment of the lower limb of the inferior extensor retinaculum

A

passes around medial border of the foot to blend with the dense fascia over abductor hallucis

50
Q

what are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot

A

extensor hallucis brevis
extensor digitorum brevis

51
Q

what are the attachments of extensor hallucis brevis

A

superior surface of calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum to the base of the proximal phalanx of hallux

52
Q

what are the attachments of the extensor digitorum brevis

A

superior surface of calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum to the long extensor tendons of toes 2-4

53
Q

what is the innervation of the muscles of the dorsum of the foot

A

deep peroneal nerve (L5/S1)

54
Q

the sciatic nerve divides into two terminal branches; what are they and their roots

A

tibial nerve (L4-S3)
common peroneal nerve (L4-S2)

55
Q

the common peroneal nerve wraps around the _____ aspect of the leg where

A

lateral aspect of the leg at the neck of the fibula

56
Q

as the common peroneal nerve wraps around the lateral aspect of the leg at the neck of the fibula, it gives its terminal branches which are

A

superficial and deep peroneal nerve

57
Q

the superficial peroneal nerve remains in the ____ compartment of the leg and continues distally as what

A

lateral - supplies these muscles
continues distally as a cutaneous nerve to supply much of skin of dorsum of foot and anterolateral aspect of leg

58
Q

the deep peroneal nerve runs on the ____ surface of the interosseous membrane

A

anterior - supplies muscles of anterior compartment then continues to dorsum of foot where it supplies these 2 muscles

59
Q

the deep peroneal nerve supplies what

A

muscles of anterior compartment of leg
muscles of dorsum of foot
cutaneous innervation to the first web space

60
Q

the superficial peroneal nerve forms from the common peroneal nerve between what structures

A

peroneus longus and neck of fibula

61
Q

the deep peroneal nerve forms from the common peroneal nerve between what structures

A

peroneus longus and neck of fibula

62
Q

the deep peroneal nerve passes through what muscle

A

extensor digitorum longus

63
Q

the deep peroneal nerve travels with what structure on anterior interosseous membrane

A

anterior tibial artery

64
Q

what is the cutaneous innervation of anterolateral aspect of leg

A

sural nerve

65
Q

what is the cutaneous innervation of lateral edge of foot

A

terminal branch of the sural nerve - lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot

66
Q

what is the innervation of the anteromedial knee leg and ankle

A

saphenous nerve from femoral

67
Q

what is the cutaneous innervation of the 1st web space

A

deep peroneal nerve

68
Q

what is the cutaneous innervation of most of the dorsum of the foot

A

superficial peroneal nerve

69
Q

the great saphenous vein travels up what aspect of the leg

A

medial

70
Q

the great saphenous vein travels with what

A

superficial nerve

71
Q

what 2 branches does the popliteal artery give

A

anterior and posterior tibial

72
Q

what is the course of the anterior tibial artery

A

through interosseous membrane and descends on its surface then crosses anterior aspect of ankle and enters dorsum of foot

73
Q

what is the course of the posterior tibial artery

A

gives the fibular artery that provides perforating branches to the lateral compartment

74
Q

what vessel supplies the anterior compartment of the leg

A

anterior tibial

75
Q

what vessel supplies the lateral compartment of the leg

A

fibular artery from posterior tibial gives off perforating branches

76
Q

what is the dorsalis pedis artery

A

continuation of anterior tibial artery on dorsum of foot

77
Q

what are the branches of the dorsalis pedis

A

lateral tarsal artery
deep plantar artery
arcuate artery

78
Q

the arcuate artery runs across the metatarsals to anastomose with

A

lateral tarsal artery

79
Q

just before the dorsalis pedis forms the arcuate artery it gives off what

A

deep plantar artery

80
Q

the deep plantar artery anastomoses with what

A

vessels of the sole of the foot

81
Q

arcuate artery gives off numerous branches e.g.

A

metatarsal and digital arteries

82
Q

where does the dorsal venous arch drain

A

great saphenous vein

Regional Anatomy (36 decks)

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