the nose Flashcards
what is the muscular tube located behind the larynx and nasal cavity?
pharynx
what passes through the pharynx?
air and food get redirected through this tube
what does the pharynx transition into?
esophagus
what does the larynx transition into?
trachea
how is the nasal cavity shaped?
pyramidal shape
what allows to form the anterior opening of the nasal cavity?
nostrils
what allows to form the posterior opening of the nasal cavity?
the nasopharynx via the chonanae
what part of the sphenoid bone allows to redirect the flow back into the nasopharynx posteriorly?
o Medial pterygoid plate
what connects the middle ear with the nasal cavity
o Pharyngotympanic tube in nasopharynx
what is the function of the Pharyngotympanic tube in nasopharynx?
functions to equilibrate pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane allowing for normal hearing
what is the anterior tip of the nose composed of?
cartilage
o Lateral nasal cartilage
o Alar cartilages
what bones form the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
- ethmoid bone
- frontal process of the maxilla
- vertical plate of the palatine bone
- lacrimal bone
- nasal bones
what part of the ethmoid bone contributes to form the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
the superior and middle conchae curl up into the nasal cavity
what form the inferior concha?
the frontal process of the maxilla
what bone is in close relationship to the nasal cavity?
sphenoid bone
what bones form the floor of the nasal cavity?
maxilla (hard palate) 1and palatine bone
what bones form the roof of the nasal cavity
- cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
- sphenoid bone
- frontal bone
- nasal bone
- frontal process of the maxilla
where is the medial wall of the nasal cavity located?
nasal septum
what forms the superior half of the medial wall of the nasal cavity?
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
what forms the inferior half of the medial wall of the nasal cavity?
the vomer bone
what cartilage forms the anterior nasal septum?
septal cartilage
what is the posterior half of the nose composed of?
bones
where does the nasal concha arise from?
from the lateral wall
what lines the nasal conchae?
Lined with ciliated muscosal layer
into how many spaces is the nasal cavity divided into due to the nasal conchae?
4
what is the function of the nasal conchae?
that warms & humidifies the air before it enters the lungs
what is the name of the spac that lies between the nasal conchae
nasal meatus
what are the respective names of the nasal conchae?
superior, inferior and middle concha
where is the Sphenoethomoidal recess located? and what is it?
o Small space located above the superior concha within the nasal cavity
what is located laterally to the superior and middle conchae?
ethmoid air cells
what are the Four paired air filled spaces located within the bones of the skull and that surround the nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
what is the function of the paranasal sinuses
produces mucous which helps moisturize the inside of the nose
what is the fucntion of muscous in the paranasal sinuses
also Involved in protection against pollutants, microorganisms, dirt and dust
what sinuses grow with age?
frontal and maxillary sinuses
what sinuses are Located between the eyes in the ethmoid bone?
ethmoid sinuses
what sinuses are located within the frontal bone between the eyes?
frontal sinuses
where is the maxilla sinuses located and what are they closed off by?
within the maxilla between the eyes and get closed off by the middle conchae
where is the sphenoid sinus located?
Located within the sphenoid bone posterior to the eyes
why is pain felt at different regions when we have a sinus infections?
because different sinuses may be affected and are located at different places
how is excess muscous in the paranasal sinuses drained?
-swalloed via connecton between oral and nasal cavities or excreted via the nose
what sinus is responsible for the drainage of mucous in the sphenoethmoidal recess?
Sphenoidal sinus
where is the Sphenoidal sinus located?
Located superior to the superior nasal concha
what is responsible for the Drainage of the frontal, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses into the middle meatus
hiatus semilunaris
what is the top half of the hiatus semilunaris connected to?
frontal sinus
what is the bottom half of the hiatus semilunaris connected to?
maxillary sinus
what is the region denotified as the Swelling of the tissues located along the superior border of the hiatus semilunaris
ethmoidal bulba
what forms the ethmoidal bulla?
by middle air cells
where do most of the middle air cells drain into?
middle meatus
where are the middle air cells drained into?
superior and middle meatus
what can enter through a small opening in the maxillary sinus
Inhaled air in the nasal cavity
what sinus is in a close relationship with the teeth and the upper jaw
maxillary sinus
what is also in close proximity of the maxillary sinus?
orbit of the eye
what is the function of the lacrimal gland?
o Produces tears
o Lubricates eyes
o protects
what happens when we blink?
o Eyes wash the tears and fluid over the eyeball from lateral to medial
o Fluid drains in the superior and inferior lacrimal punctae
what collects the tears and drains them into the lacrimal sac?
o Lacrimal punctae
what drains into the nasal cavity inferior to the nasal concha?
o nasolacrimal duct
where does the nasolacrimal duct open?
o opens into the nasal cavity within the inferior meatus
what Nerve pass through the rough of the nasal cavity and pierce through the cribifom plate and foramina
olfactory N
what nerves provide general sensory innervation to the nose?
-ophtalmic N & maxillary N
what nerve innervates the top half of the nasal cavity?
ophtalmic N
what nerve innervates the bottom half of the nasal cavity?
maxillary N
what branches arise from the maxillary N?
nasal branches
nasopalatine N
what N. • Innervate the lateral wall (inferior ½)?
nasal branches
where do nasal branches travel trough?
o Enters the nasal cavity via the sphenopalatine foramen
what N. travels along the nasal septum in an oblique fashion and enters via the incisive canal?
nasopalatine N
what A. is a branch of the maxillary A and passes through the sphenopalatine foramen?
sphenopalatine A
what travels along with the nasopalatine N?
nasopalatine A
Which between the nasopalatine N or A. does not exit the nose?
A.
what is the site of common nose bleed?
Kisselbach area
the anastamoses of which A. forms the Kisselbach area?
o Ethmoid A, branches of facial A & Branches of the greater palatine A
