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ANAT 316 > neurovascular supply to the pelvis > Flashcards

neurovascular supply to the pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

where does the mesosalpinx range fom?

A

from the round ligament of the uterus to the fallopian tube

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2
Q

where does the mesometrium range from?

A

its the frontal component associated with the uterus

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3
Q

what is the mesovarian associated with?

A

the ovaries

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4
Q

what does the aorta bifurcate into?

A

common carotids A

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5
Q

how do the common carotids divide into?

A

internal and external iliac A

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6
Q

how does the iliolumbar A travel?

A

it is the only branch that ascends along the lumbar vertebrae and the ileum of the hip

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7
Q

what does the iliolumbar A provide blood to?

A

Iliacus, psoas, quadratus lumborum

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8
Q

How can the lateral sacral A be identified in the lab?

A

it passes through the sacral foramina

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9
Q

how does the lateral sacral A travel?

A
  • Traces down along the sides of the sacrum

* Descends along the curvature of the sacrum

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10
Q

is it possible for the lateral sacral A to be divided into multiple branches?

A

yes

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11
Q

what recieves blood from the superior gluteal A?

A

gluteal muscles

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12
Q

how can the superior gluteal A be identified in the lab?

A

Typically seen in lab between lumbosacral trunk (L4/L5) and S1 spinal nerve

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13
Q

how does the superior gluteal a travel?

A

Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen above piriformis to get to medius and minimus muscles

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14
Q

how can the umbilical A be defined as?

A

its a blunt/obliterated A

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15
Q

what is the function of the umbilical A?

A

o Represent arteries that carried deoxygenated blood away from the fetus from the umbilical cord, worked their way to umbilicus

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16
Q

what does the umbilical A give rise to?

A

superior vesicular aa.

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17
Q

what recieves blood from the superior vesicular A?

A

bladder

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18
Q

how can the superior vesicular aa be identified?

A

Can be identified by the dangling vessels going to the top of the bladder

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19
Q

what recieves blood from the obturator A?

A

Supplies the medial compartment of the thigh

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20
Q

how does the obturator a travel?

A

travels through obturator formamen and leaves the pelvis

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21
Q

how can obturator A be identified in the lab?

A

pierces through obturator fascia to reach the foramen (found anteriorly) and exit

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22
Q

what happens when we have an aberrant obturator A?

A

Obturator A stems exclusively from external iliac A

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23
Q

what happens when we have an accessory obturator A?

A

Branch from external iliac that merges with obturator from internal iliac A before it merges under the inguinal ligament

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24
Q

what does the middle rectal a supply blood to?

A

rectum

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25
Q

where does the middle rectal A originate from?

A

internal iliac A

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26
Q

where does the superior rectal A originate from?

A

IMA

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27
Q

Where does the inferior rectal A originate from?

A

internal pudendal A

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28
Q

how can the middle rectal A be identified in the lab?

A

its the most posterior branch and goes to the rectum

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29
Q

what recieves blood from the inferior gluteal A

A

glute max

30
Q

how does the inf. gluteal A travel?

A

• Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis to get to glute max

31
Q

where can the inferior gluteal A be seen in the lab?

A

typically between S1-S2 spinal N

32
Q

how can the inferior gluteal a And internal pudendal A be distinguished?

A

the internal pudendal A will travel near the ischeal spine (locate coccygeus in the lab) where as the inferior gluteal A will be found closer to the coccyx

33
Q

how does the internal pudendal A travel?

A

exits GSF inferior to piriformis, posterior to the ischial spine, loops down around levator ani mucle and re-enters the pelvis via LSF
Travels through pudendal canal along the internal surface of the ischial tuberosity and ischopubic ramus towards the perineum (region of external genetilia)

34
Q

what is the male specific A?

A

inferior vesicle A

35
Q

how can the inferior vesicle A be identified?

A

goes to the back of the bladder to the prostate

36
Q

where is the superior gluteal commonly found?

A

lumbosacral trunk (L4-L5) and S1

37
Q

what are the female specific A?

A

uterine A

vaginal A

38
Q

how does the uterine A travel?

A

travels above the ureter to reach the uterus on either side

39
Q

the vaginal A branches off of what A?

A

branches off of the uterine A

40
Q

what A may anastamose with the vaginal A?

A

vaginal branches of the uterine A

41
Q

what are the ascending branches of the uterine A?

A

tubular and ovarian branches

42
Q

what may the ovarian branches of the uterine A anastamose with?

A

with the ovarian A to ensure ovaries get continuously supplied by blood

43
Q

can the vaginal and uterine A originate from one main branch?

A

yes

44
Q

how does the pudendal N travel?

A
    1. Exits the pelvis via greater sciatic foramen
    1. Loops posteriorly around the ischial spine/sacrospinous ligament
    1. Enters lesser sciatic foramen traveling deep to levator ani
    1. Gives off rectal branch to external anal sphincter
    1. Travels through a fascial canal along the ischiopubic ramus called the Alcock’s pudendal canal
    1. Gives rise to perineal branches (penile and scrotal/clitoral and labial)
45
Q

where is alcock’s canal located?

A

Located along the internal aspect of the ischial tuberosity to peritoneum (external genitalial)

46
Q

what are the main functions of the parasympathetic innervation to the pelvis?

A

o Increases GIT motility
o Relaxation of sphincters (Urinary and anal)
o Contraction of detrusor muscle
o Relaxation of uterine musculature
o Vasodilation of erectile tissue (erection)

47
Q

what are the main functions of the sympathetic innervation to the pelvis?

A

o Decrease of GIT motility
o Contraction of sphincters (Prevents urinary/anal leakage)
o Detrusor muscle relaxation
o Uterine contractions
Ex: child labour
o Contraction of erectile tissue (Ejaculation)

48
Q

what type of innervation does the lumbar splanchnic N recieve?

A

o Sympathetic innervation to the hindgut

49
Q

how does the lumbar splanchnic N travel?

A

o Travels down, posterior to common iliac A into the pelvis via superior hypogastric plexus, hypogastric nerves and contributes to inferior hypogastric plexuses

50
Q

what type of innervation does the sacral splanchnic N recieve?

A

o Sympathetic innervation

51
Q

how can the sacral splanchnic N be identified in the lab?

A

Nerves extending from sacral sympathetic trunk located along the vertebral column in te sacral portion

52
Q

what A travel next to the sacral splanchnic N?

A

lateral Sacral A

53
Q

how does the sacral splanchnic N travel?

A

o Passes through inferior hypogastric plexuses and may send contributions along hypogastric nerve

54
Q

what type of innervation does the pelvic splanchnic nerve provide?

A

parasympathetic innervation

55
Q

where does the pelvic splanchnic nerve come from?

A

sacral spinal N s3-s4

56
Q

how does information from the pelvic splanchic N travel?

A

passes through Inferior hypogastric plexus to pelvic viscera

57
Q

what provides somatic innervation to the pelvis?

A

Pudendal N

58
Q

how can the pudendal N be identified in the lab?

A

follows the same course as the internal pudendal A

59
Q

what does the pudendal N give rise to?

A

rectal branches

60
Q

how do the rectal branches travel

A

pass through the pudendal canal and travel towards external genitalia

61
Q

what type of innervation does the filling phase of micturition involve?

A

o Sympathetic innervation from lumbar splanchnic nerves will relax the detrusor muscle and constrict the internal urethral sphincter

62
Q

what type of innervation does the expelling phase of micturition involve?

A

o Parasympathetic innervation from pelvic splanchnic nerves will constrict the detrusor muscle and relax the internal urethral sphincter

63
Q

what innervates the external urethral sphincter?

A

somatic control from pudendal N

64
Q

what is the function of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Ability to control the urge to urinate is accomplished via the contraction of the external urethral sphincter and muscles of levator Ani

65
Q

what is needed for urination to occur?

A

relaxation of the external urethral sphincter

66
Q

where can the superior hypogastric plexus be identified in the lab?

A

L4-L5

67
Q

where can the inferior hypogastric plexus be identified in the lab?

A

on organs directly

68
Q

what is the function of then hypogastric N?

A

joins both superior and inferior plexuses

69
Q

how can the suspensory ligament of the ovary be identified in the lab?

A

suspends ovary to abdomen hence comes higher up

70
Q

how can the round ligament of the uterus be identified in the lab?

A

found off to the side, continuous with the ligament of the ovary

71
Q

how can the ligament of the ovary be identified in the lab?

A

find ovary and look how it attached downwards to the uterus

ANAT 316 (22 decks)

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