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ANAT 316 > the face > Flashcards

the face Flashcards

1
Q

what is the primary function of the muscles of the face?

A

protective function

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2
Q

what is the secondaryfunction of the muscles of the face?

A

modify facial expressions

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3
Q

what muscle has 2 different muscle bellies? what are they?

A

Occipitofrontalis

has a frontal and occipital belly

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4
Q

what muscle (be specific) allows for Eyebrow elevation and produced wrinkles on the forehead?

A

the frontal belly of Occipitofrontalis

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5
Q

what muscle surrounds the orbit and transverse eyelid?

A

Orbicularis oculi

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6
Q

what muscle be specific allow for Forceful closure of the eyelids?

A

orbital portion of the Orbicularis oculi

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7
Q

what muscle be specific allow for o Gentle closing of eye lids

A

palpebral portion of Orbicularis oculi

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8
Q

what is the muscle that encircles the eye?

A

Orbicularis oculi

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9
Q

what muscle acts as an oral sphincter, and o compresses and protrudes the lips?

A

Orbicularis oris

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10
Q

what muscle encircles the mouth?

A

Orbicularis oris

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11
Q

what muscle(s) resist distension when blowing?

A

Orbicularis oris and buccinator

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12
Q

is Orbicularis oris only one or 2 muscles?

A

separated into 2 muscles

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13
Q

what muscles produced a fake smile? how is it produced?

A

risorius

retraction of the corners of the mouth

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14
Q

how does depressor anguli oris function?

A

o Pulls the corners of the mouth inferiorly

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15
Q

where does depressor anguli oris originate and insert?

A

o Starts on the side of the mandible and inserts onto the corner of the mouth

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16
Q

what can be completed by contraction of depressor anguli oris?

A

o Leads to complete rounding of the mouth

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17
Q

what depressor muscle pulls lip inferiorly (exclusively)?

A

Depressor Labii Inferioris

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18
Q

which muscle sits slightly deeper to Depressor Anguli Oris?

A

Depressor Labii Inferioris

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19
Q

what happens when Depressor Labii Inferioris is contracted?

A

brings center of the lips down to the chin

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20
Q

what muscle sits dee to labii inferioris?

A

mentalis

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21
Q

what muscle is responsible for elevatation and protrusion the lip (pouting)

A

mentalis

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22
Q

what does the mental portion of the face refer to?

A

the chin

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23
Q

what muscle stretched between the zygomatic bone and the angle of the mouth?

A

Zygomaticus major

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24
Q

what muscles are involved in a true smile?

A

Zygomaticus major and Zygomaticus minor

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25
Q

what happens when Zygomaticus major is contracted?

A

Pulls the lips superiorly and laterally

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26
Q

what muscles is Stretched between the zygomatic bone and the upper lip?

A

Zygomaticus minor

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27
Q

what happens when Zygomaticus minor is contracted?

A

it pulls lip superiorly

28
Q

what happens if Zygomaticus minor and Zygomaticus major and contracted unilaterally?

A

smirk- only one side will elevate

29
Q

what muscle Elevates the upper lip causing for scrunching of the nose and flares the nostrils

A

Levator labii superioris Alaeque Nasi

30
Q

where is Levator labii superioris Alaeque Nasi located?

A

o Located along the nose towards the center

31
Q

what muscle is antagonist to depressor labii inferioris

A

Levator Labii superioris

32
Q

what is accomplished through contraction of Levator Anguli Oris ?

A

elevation of angle of the mouth

33
Q

what muscle presses the cheek against the molar teeth?

A

buccinator

34
Q

what are the main function s of buccinator muscle?

A

-expels air via oral cavity
allows suckling
-draws mouth to one side
-resists distension when blowing

35
Q

what muscle is easy to identify as it forms the lateral walls of the oral cavity and is pierced by the parotid duct?

A
  • buccintor
36
Q

what are the main function of platysma?

A

o Depresses and wrinkles the skin of the lower face and mouth
o Tenses skin of neck
o Aids in forced depressions of mandible

37
Q

what nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the face?

A

CN 7 (facial N)

38
Q

what does the facial nerve pierce through?

A

Pierces through the parotid gland

39
Q

into what branches does the facial nerve divide into after passing through the stylomastoid foramena? what is the trick?

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal Mandibular
Cervical
To Zanzibar By Motor Car
40
Q

what is bell’s palsy?

A

o Partial or total paralysis off the facial N CN VII

41
Q

what are some effects of bell’s palsy?

A

o Inability to close eye lid; dropping eyelid
o Loss of muscle tone in cheek
o Drooping of the corner of the mouth
o Causes for changes in quantities of tears and saliva produced

42
Q

what is the partoid gland?

A

salivary gland that secretes serous saliva

43
Q

where is the opening in order to intake the saliva that gets produced externally?

A

o Opens up next to the 2nd maxillary molar

44
Q

what innervates the partoid gland?

A

parasympathetic branch of CN IX

45
Q

where does the parotid gland come from and what will it pierce?

A

o Comes from Masseter (muscle of mastication) and will pierce the buccinator muscle

46
Q

what are the branches (a) that come from the external carotid A.?

A 
superior thyroid A.
Lingual A.
Facial A
Maxillary A
Superficial Temporal A
occipital A
postrior Auricular A
47
Q

where does carotid bifurcation take place?

A

at CIV

48
Q

where does the facial A ascend?

A

ascends anterior to masseter on the mandible and along the maxilla along the lateral sides of the node

49
Q

what branches originate from the facial A?

A

supralabial A
infralabial a
Angular A

50
Q

what A. supply blood to the upper and lower lips?

A

supralabial A

infralabial a

51
Q

what branches come from the maxillary A?

A

infraorbital A

mental A

52
Q

to what region does the infraorbital A provide blood to?

A

blood to the face, under the eyes

53
Q

what is the pathway taken by the infraorbital A.?

A

Travels along the floor of the orbit before piercing through the skull at the infraorbital foramen

54
Q

what A does the mental A arise from?

A

inferior alveolar A

55
Q

along what does the mental A travel?

A

within the mandible

56
Q

anastamoses between what A are formed in the face?

A

Infraorbital A. with the angular A.

Mental A. with inferior labial A.

57
Q

what A. of the face travel behind the ear?

A

occipital A and posterior auricular A.

58
Q

what does the superficial temporal vein become further in the face?

A

retromandiblar vein

59
Q

what veins drain into the internal jugular vein?

A

the facial vein and the superficial temporal vein

60
Q

what vein will drain region of the head?

A

facial veins

61
Q

what is responsible for draining the brain?

A

cavernous sinus

62
Q

what does the facial nerve drain into?

A

into the pterygoid plexus

63
Q

what is the danger with the small connecting veins between the cavernous and pterygoid plexus?

A

lack of valves increases spread of bacteria

64
Q

in what region can the temporal pulse be felt?

A

near the temporal region (side of the forehead)

65
Q

how can the facial pulse be felt?

A

o Clench jaw feel muscle, go anterior to it relax and you should feel pulse

66
Q

what is the danger zone?

A

region where infection or risk of is more prominent; due to easy spead of infection

ANAT 316 (22 decks)

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