The Lymphatic System

Question 1

What does the high pressure in arteries cause? (In terms of the blood plasma)

Answer 1

Blood plasma to be forced out of the capillaries and into the tissues

Question 2

What are three fluids that have the same chemical composition?

Answer 2

Blood plasma
Tissue fluid
Lymph

Question 3

Why do these three fluids have different names?

Answer 3

Because of where they occur

Question 4

Where does blood plasma occur?

Answer 4

In the blood vessels

Question 5

Where does tissue fluid occur?

Answer 5

Between the cells of tissues

Question 6

Where does lymph occur?

Answer 6

In the lymphatic vessels

Question 7

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 7

Drains the tissue fluid between cells and transports it back to the bloodstream

Question 8

Why does tissue fluid need to be drained?

Answer 8

Only a very small amount of it goes back into the capillaries
If left, it will accumulate and put pressure on the cells around it
It also needs to be drained because of plasma proteins

Question 9

What are the smallest lymph vessels known as?

Answer 9

Lymph capillaries

Question 10

Where do lymph capillaries occur?

Answer 10

They branch between the cells of tissues

Question 11

What are lymph capillaries like?

Answer 11

They are small

They have blind-endings

Question 12

What do lymph capillaries do as they get further away from the blood capillaries?

Answer 12

Unite

Form larger lymphatic vessels

Question 13

What do lymphatic vessels eventually do?

Answer 13

Open into the main lymphatic vessels

Question 14

How many main lymphatic vessels are there?

Answer 14

Two

Question 15

What are the two main lymphatic vessels?

Answer 15

Thoracic duct

Right lymphatic duct

Question 16

Which lymph vessels open into the thoracic duct?

Answer 16

In the lower limbs, intestines, left side of the chest, left arm, left side of the head and neck

Question 17

How does the thoracic duct connect to the blood circulatory system?

Answer 17

By opening into the left subclavian vein

Question 18

Where does lymph go?

Answer 18

Back into the blood circulatory system

Question 19

Which lymphatic vessels open into the right lymphatic duct?

Answer 19

Vessels from the right side of the chest, right arm, right side of the neck and head

Question 20

How does lymph from the right lymphatic duct get back into the blood circulatory system?

Answer 20

It opens up into the right subclavian vein

Question 21

What is the pressure like in the lymphatic vessels?

Answer 21

Very low

Question 22

Why is the pressure low in the lymphatic vessels?

Answer 22

There is no pumping organ to apply pressure

Question 23

How is lymph moved through the lymphatic vessels?

Answer 23

By the movement of internal organs

By the contraction of skeletal muscles

Question 24

Are there valves in the lymphatic vessels?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

What kind of valves exist in the lymphatic vessels?

Answer 25

Semilunar

Question 26

What do lymph nodes do?

Answer 26

Act as filters | Trap foreign particles

Question 27

What are lymph nodes also known as?

Answer 27

Lymph glands

Question 28

What do lymph nodes look like?

Answer 28

Small | Bean-shaped

Question 29

Where are lymph nodes located?

Answer 29

Throughout the body | Close to the lymphatic vessels

Question 30

Where can larger concentrations of lymph nodes be found?

Answer 30

Armpits Groin Neck

Question 31

Give an example lymph glands

Answer 31

Tonsils

Question 32

How do lymph nodes prevent infection?

Answer 32

They produce lymphocytes and antibodies

Question 33

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 33

White blood cells

Question 34

What do lymphocytes do?

Answer 34

Engulf and destroy bacteria

Question 35

What happens to the lymph nodes when there is an infection in the body?

Answer 35

They swell

Question 36

Why do lymph nodes swell when there is an infection in the body?

Answer 36

Due to the increase in lymphocytes and trapped substances

Question 37

Why do plasma proteins need to be transported back to the blood circulatory system?

Answer 37

Large concentrations of these proteins can be life threatening

Question 38

What is oedema?

Answer 38

Swelling that occurs when tissue fluid accumulates

Question 39

Where is another place (apart from around capillaries) that lymphatic vessels occur?

Answer 39

In villi in the small intestine

Question 40

What are lymphatic vessels in the villi called?

Answer 40

Lacteals

Question 41

What do lacteals do?

Answer 41

Absorb fats and open into larger lymphatic vessels, which transports these fats back into the blood stream

Question 42

Is the lymphatic system closed?

Answer 42

No