Plant Structures Flashcards
What are the three main plant structures?
Root
Stem
Leaf
How can you tell that a cross section is that of a root?
It will have root hairs
It will have vascular tissue in the form of a cross
It will have a thicker endodermis
How can you tell that a cross section is that of a stem?
It will have vascular bundles
It will have pith
It has quite a thin endodermis
What is the function of the root?
Absorb water and mineral salts from soil
Anchors the plant in the soil
What are the two root systems?
Tap root system
Fibrous root system
What are the five regions of a root?
Mature region Root hair region Region of elongation Meristematic region Root cap
What is Spring wood?
Secondary xylem
Is lighter and bigger, because it forms quickly
What is autumn wood?
Secondary xylem
Is darker and smaller, because it forms slowly
What is cork?
The outer bark of the tree
How does cork form?
The parenchyma tissue becomes meristematic
What makes bark so strong?
It is reinforced with suberin
What are angiosperms?
Flowering plants
What is the most advanced group in the plant kingdom?
Angiosperms
What two groups can angiosperms be divided into?
Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
What is the function of the root cap?
Surrounds and protects the growing point
What is the function of the meristematic region?
Continuously forms new cells
What is the function of the region of elongation?
New cells elongate in this region
What is the function of the root hair region?
The place where root hairs (unicellular epidermal outgrowths) occur
What is the function of the mature region?
Where lateral roots develop and branch
What is the function of the lateral roots?
Increase absorption surface
Anchor the plant more firmly in the soil
What three regions occur within a root?
Epidermis
Cortex
Central cylinder
Where does the epidermis of a root occur?
On the outside
What does the epidermis consist of?
Epidermal cells
Root hairs
Where can the cortex of the root be found?
In the middle section of a root