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Abi Biology 2017 > Microscopy > Flashcards

Microscopy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of microscopes?

A

Electron

Light

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2
Q

What are the two types of electron microscopes?

A

Scanning

Transmission

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3
Q

What do Transmission Electron Microscopes show?

A

A 2D image of the inside of the specimen

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4
Q

What does a Scanning Electron Microscope show?

A

A 3D image of the outside of the specimen

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5
Q

What is another name for the eyepiece lens?

A

Ocular lens

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6
Q

What is the average magnification for the ocular lens?

A

10x

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7
Q

What is the other lens called?

A

The objective lens

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8
Q

What is the smallest magnification of an objective lens?

A

4x

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9
Q

How do you work out the total magnification?

A

Multiply the magnification of both the ocular and objective lenses together

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10
Q

What is magnification?

A

How much bigger a specimen is through a microscope

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11
Q

How do you calculate the actual size of a specimen once it has been magnified?

A

Length of specimen times the length on the scale line

All upon the length of the scale line

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12
Q

What is important to remember when calculating the actual size of a specimen?

A

Keep your unit of measurement (for the scale line and the specimen) the same

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13
Q

What is cell theory?

A

All living organisms consist of cells
The cell is the basic and smallest unit of life
All cells originate from existing cells

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14
Q

What are the fourteen parts of a microscope?

A 
Eyepiece lens
Coarse adjustment knob
Fine adjustment knob
Arm
Hinge
Base
Light source
Iris diaphragm
Condenser 
Stage
Clips/clamps
Objective lenses 
Nosepiece 
Microscope tube
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15
Q

What is the function of the eyepiece lens?

A

Lens closest to the eye

Magnifies the image

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16
Q

What is the function of the coarse adjustment knob?

A

Moves the stage/microscope
Large movements
Brings the image into focus

17
Q

What is the function of the fine adjustment knob?

A

Moves the stage/microscope
Precise movements
Clearer focus

18
Q

What is the function of the arm?

A

Handle used to carry the microscope

Connects the stage, microscope tube and adjustment knobs to each other

19
Q

What is the function of the hinge?

A

Allows the angle of the arm to be changed

20
Q

What is the function of the base?

A

Bottom of the microscope

Stability

21
Q

What is the function of the light source?

A

Attached to the base

Passes light up through a hole in the stage, through the specimen and up to the eye

22
Q

What is the function of the iris diaphragm?

A

Opening in the condensor

Regulates the amount of light allowed to pass through the specimen

23
Q

What is the function of the condensor?

A

Concentrates light rays from the light source onto the specimen

24
Q

What is the function of the stage?

A

Flat surface
Has an opening to allows light through it
The specimen slide is placed on this surface

25
Q

What is the function of the clips/clamps?

A

Holds the specimen in place

26
Q

What is the function of the objective lenses?

A

Magnify the images
Usually three
Have different magnifications

27
Q

What is the function of the nosepiece?

A

Holds the objectives
Rotates
Allows the observer to choose which objective lens to use

28
Q

What is the function of the microscope tube?

A

Holds the eyepiece in place

Connects it to the objective lenses

29
Q

How is a specimen usually studied?

A

On a microscope slide in a mounting medium

30
Q

What is a microscope slide?

A

A rectangular glass plate on which the specimen is placed for study

31
Q

What is a mounting medium?

A

The liquid in which the specimen is placed

32
Q

What is the function of the mounting medium?

A

It can sometimes be used to stain the specimen to see it better

33
Q

What is a cover slip?

A

A thin square glass plate that is placed on top of the specimen

34
Q

What is the function of the cover slip?

A

Prevents the objective lens from coming into contact with the mounting medium
Keeps the specimen in position
Reduces light refraction

35
Q

What is a wet mount?

A

A specimen that has been placed on a slide
Placed in a mounting medium
Covered with a cover slip

36
Q

How do you prepare a wet mount?

A

Place the cover slip at angle against the drop of mounting medium
Keep it in place with a dissecting needle
Lower the cover slip carefully to make sure that there are no air bubbles
Carefully wipe off any excess liquid

37
Q

What is a micrograph?

A

A photograph or drawing of a specimen as viewed through a microscope

38
Q

What happens when the magnification of an image increases?

A

The image becomes larger and more detailed

Abi Biology 2017 (57 decks)

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