Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
Pectoral girdle
Upper limbs
Pelvic girdle
Lower limbs
What are the girdles?
“Belts” around the upper and lower parts of the axial skeleton
What do the girdles do?
Join the upper and lower limbs to the axial skeleton
What does the pectoral girdle consist of?
Two scapulae
Two clavicles
What is another name for the scapula?
Shoulder blade
What is another name for the clavicle?
Collarbone
What is the scapula?
A large, flat, triangular bone with a prominent ridge on the back for the attachment of muscles
Where is the scapula situated?
Not attached to the axial skeleton
It slides over the back of the ribs
What is the glenoid cavity?
A shallow socket in the scapula
The head of the humerus fits into this cavity
What is a socket?
An articular facet
What is the clavicle?
An s-shaped bone
Where can the clavicle be found?
It articulates with the scapula on the one side
It articulates with the sternum on the other side
What do the upper limbs consist of?
Six different types of bone
What are the six types of bones that make up the upper limbs?
Humerus Ulna Radius Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges
What is the humerus and where can it be found?
A long bone
It stretches from the scapula to the elbow
What kind of joint exists where the humerus joins the scapula?
Ball-and-socket joint
What kind of joint exists at the elbow?
A hinge joint
What is the ulna?
The largest bone of the two in the forearm
Where is the ulna situated?
On the little finger side of the hand
How does the ulna articulate with the humerus?
It has a c-shaped articular facet which, together with the humerus, forms the elbow joint
What is the radius?
The thinner one of the two bones in the forearm
Where is the radius situated?
On the thumb side
What is the structure of the radius like?
It is wider on the lower end than on the upper end
What does the radius articulate with?
The carpals
To form the wrist joint
What are the carpals?
Small short bones
How many carpals are in each wrist?
Eight
How are the carpals arranged?
In two rows of four
What kind of joint exists at the carpals?
A gliding/sliding joint
What do metacarpals form?
The palm of the hand
How many metacarpals are in each hand?
Five