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Abi Biology 2017 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a joint?

A

A junction in the skeleton where two or more bones meet and are joined by ligaments or cartilage

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2
Q

How are joints classified?

A

According to the degree of movement that it permits

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3
Q

How many types of joints are there?

A

Three

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4
Q

What are the three types of joints?

A

Immovable joints
Semi-movable joints
Freely movable joints

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5
Q

What is another name for freely movable joints?

A

Synovial joints

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6
Q

What is an immovable joint?

A

A joint which does not allow any movement

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7
Q

What is an example of an immovable joint?

A

The serrated sutures between the bones of the cranium

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8
Q

What is a semi-movable joint?

A

This type of joint allows a slight degree of movement, in order to prevent friction

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9
Q

What is a synovial joint?

A

A type of joint that allows free movement

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10
Q

How many components are there in a synovial joint?

A

Seven

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11
Q

What are the seven components of a synovial joint?

A 
Bones
Synovial cavity
Synovial fluid
Ligament(s)
Synovial membrane
Hyaline cartilage 
Joint capsule
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12
Q

What is a joint capsule?

A

A sac made up of a ligament which encloses the whole joint

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13
Q

What is the synovial cavity?

A

The space around the two or bones in a joint enclosed by the synovial membrane

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14
Q

What is the synovial membrane?

A

The membrane which lines the joint capsule

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15
Q

What does the synovial membrane do?

A

It secretes synovial fluid

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16
Q

What does synovial fluid do?

A

Prevents friction in the joint

17
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

Ligaments are only present in some synovial joints

They attach the two bones of the joint to each other

18
Q

How are synovial joints classified?

A

According to the type of movement that takes place

19
Q

How many types of synovial joints are there?

A

Four

20
Q

What are the four types of synovial joints?

A

Ball-and-socket
Hinge
Pivot
Gliding

21
Q

What does a ball-and-socket joint look like?

A

The head of one bone fits into another

22
Q

What kind of movement does a ball-and-socket joint allow?

A

Movement in any direction

23
Q

What kind of movement does a hinge joint permit?

A

Movement in only one plane

24
Q

What kind of movement does a pivot joint permit?

A

The kind of movement where one bone rotates around another

25
Q

What is an example of a pivot joint?

A

The joint between the first two cervical vertebrae

26
Q

What is a gliding joint?

A

A joint in which the flat articulate surface of one bone slides over another

27
Q

What process can allow the bones of a skeleton and its joints to be visible?

A

An x-ray

28
Q

What do doctors use x-rays for?

A

To diagnose bone fractures

To diagnose the dislocation of joints

Abi Biology 2017 (57 decks)

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