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V.ANAT 121 > The Lymphatic System > Flashcards

The Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Part of the circulatory system and a vital part of the immune system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart.

A

The Lymphatic System

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2
Q

*Functions of the Lymphatic System

Alternate route for fluid from interstitial/tissue spaces to blood

A

Drainage system of circulatory system

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3
Q

*Functions of the Lymphatic System

Carries protein from tissue spaces and also large particulate matter

A

Lymph vessels from liver

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4
Q

*Functions of the Lymphatic System

Absorbs fats from the digestive tract

A

Lacteals or lymph capillaries in digestive system

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5
Q

*Functions of the Lymphatic System

Lymph nodes filter lymph thus removing and destroying bacteria.
Produce _________ cells – lymphocytes that destroy invading organisms from lymph before bringing it

A

defensive

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6
Q

from Latin lympha meaning _____

A

water

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7
Q

 Clear, colorless fluid returned to the heart via the lymphatic system which empties into the jugular vein or cranial vena cava
 Contains RBCs, WBCs, histiocytes, tissue fluids and proteins

A

Lymph

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8
Q

Numerous lymph vessels are found in the ___, _______________, ______, _________ and _____

A

skin, mucous membranes, spleen, intestines, and liver etc.

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9
Q

Lymph is Absent in the _____, __________, __________, ____________ and ____________

A

brain, spinal cord, bone marrow, within the skeletal muscles and spleen capsule

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10
Q

have thinner walls than the veins of the same size
 Have more valves than veins, and when cut, they remain open longer than veins
 Blockage results to lymphedema due to accumulation of lymph
 Have remarkable regenerative capacities
 Lymphedema (lymphatic obstruction) mostly genetic

A

Lymphatic Vessels

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11
Q

 The chief channel for the return of lymph from lymph capillaries and ducts to the venous system (retroperitoneal)
 Begins in the sublumbar region between the crura of the diaphragm as a cranial continuation of the cisterna chyli

A

Thoracic Duct

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12
Q

Structural and functional unit of the lymphatic system

Located in those areas where they are protected but produce minimal interference with the function of the skeletal, muscular and vascular systems

A

Lymph Nodes

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13
Q

is the structural unit of a lymph node

A

Lymph nodule

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14
Q

Functions of lymph nodes (2)

A

◦ Filtration of lymph
◦ Lymphocyte production in its germinal center

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15
Q

Types of Lymph Vessels

A

 Afferent lymph vessels
 Efferent lymph vessels

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16
Q

*Types of Lymph Vessels

Vessels that enter the lymph node and perforate the capsule of the node

A

Afferent lymph vessels

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17
Q

*Types of Lymph Vessels

Vessels that leave the lymph node

A

Efferent lymph vessels

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18
Q

*Parts of a lymph node

concave area but not prominent, where the efferent vessel leaves

A

Hilus

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19
Q

*Parts of a lymph node

the outer portion

A

Cortex

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20
Q

*Parts of a lymph node

the inner portion

A

Medullae

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21
Q

 Maybe solitary or aggregated and mainly found in the wall of digestive tracts
◦ eg, cecum, rectum and anal canal where they are numerous
 They are different from lymph nodes because lymph vessels arise in them rather than pass through them, therefore they contain ony the efferent lymphatics

A

Lymph Follicles

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22
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Head and Neck

located near the parotid salivary gland

A

Parotid

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23
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Head and Neck

lies ventral to the angle of jaw; around 2-3 nodes

A

Mandibular

24
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Head and Neck

largest node found in the head and neck; elongated and found near the ventral border of the pharynx and larynx

A

Medial retropharyngeal

25
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Head and Neck

located near the right side of the trachea

A

Superficial cervical

26
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Head and Neck

located close to the cervical portion of the trachea

A

Deep cervical

27
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Thoracic Limb

the only lymph node of the thoracic limb; bounded laterally by teres major; medially by transverse thoracis; and ventrally by deep pectoral muscles

28
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Thorax

cranial to transverses thoracic medial to 2nd costal cartilage

29
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Thorax

lies at the vertebral end of either 5th or 6th intercostal space

A

Intercostals

30
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Thorax

mostly associated with the large vessels of the heart

A

Mediastinal

31
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Thorax

all nodes that lie on the intial parts of the bronchi at the bifurcation of the trachea

A

Tracheobronchial

32
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Thorax

often absent

33
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Abdominal and Pelvic Walls

small, lies along the aorta and caudal vena cava from the diaphragm to the deep circumflex iliac arteries

A

Lumbar aortic

34
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Abdominal and Pelvic Walls

associated with renal vessels

35
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Abdominal and Pelvic Walls

between the deep circumflex iliac and external iliac artery

A

Medial ilial or external ilial

36
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Abdominal and Pelvic Walls

small, located between the angle formed by internal iliac and median sacral artery

A

Hypogastric or internal iliac

37
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Abdominal and Pelvic Walls

located ventral to the body of sacrum

38
Q

*Lymph Nodes of the Abdominal and Pelvic Walls

lies on the ventral surface of the tendon of psoas minor

A

Deep inguinal

39
Q

Lymph nodes of the abdominal viscera (4)

A

 Hepatic
 Splenic
 Cranial mesenteric
 Colic

40
Q

*Lymph nodes of the abdominal viscera

largest of the lymph nodes of the abdominal viscera

A

Cranial mesenteric

41
Q

*Lymph nodes of the pelvic limb

largest node of pelvic limb

42
Q

*Lymph nodes of the pelvic limb

inconsistent in occurence

43
Q

Lymph nodes of the pelvic limb (3)

A

 Popliteal
 Femoral
 Superficial inguinal

44
Q

Other Lymphatic organs (4)

A

Spleen
Thymus
Tonsils
Liver

45
Q

 Lies parallel to the greater curvature of the stomach to the left of the median plane
 Attached to the greater curvature of the stomach by gastrosplenic ligament

46
Q

 Has 2 extremities (dorsal & ventral), 2 surfaces (parietal & visceral), 2 borders (cranial & caudal)
 Bright red to dark purple in color
 Firm in consistency; triangular in cross section

47
Q

 Acts as a storage of blood, takes part in blood cell formation, filtration and phagocytosis
 The “graveyard” of RBC

48
Q

basic unit of thymus

A

Small lymphocyte or thymocyte

49
Q

 Light gray lobulated organ in preserved specimen, pinkish in fresh material
 Composed of R and L lobes
 Located in the precardial mediastinal septum
 Large at birth but may decrease in size as the animal matures; replaced by fat

50
Q

similar to lymph nodes, and the role of both of these structures is to fight infection.

51
Q

There is a pair of tonsils located in small pouches or ______ at the back of the throat.

52
Q

 produces a large amount of lymph, which is estimated to be 25 to 50 % of lymph flowing through the thoracic duct.  The hepatic lymph primarily comes from the hepatic sinusoids.

53
Q

Lymph nodes of the abdominal and pelvic walls (6)

A

 Lumbar aortic
 Renal
 Medial ilial or external ilial
 Hypogastric or internal iliac
 Sacral
 Deep inguinal

54
Q

Lymph nodes of the thorax (5)

A

 Sternal
 Intercostals
 Mediastinal
 Tracheobronchial
 Pulmonary

55
Q

Lymph nodes of the head and neck (5)

A

 Parotid
 Mandibular
 Medial retropharyngeal
 Superficial cervical
 Deep cervical

56
Q

Lymph node of the thoracic limb

V.ANAT 121 (35 decks)

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