Digestive System I Flashcards by Belle Unknown

The small intestines are next to the ____ and the ___of the dog.

kidney
liver

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First part of the digestive system

mouth

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Bounded laterally & rostrally by the cheeks and teeth; dorsally by the hard palate; ventrally by the mandible and tongue and caudally by the soft palate

mouth

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Oral cavity (2)

 Vestibule
 Oral cavity proper

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Has vibrissae (tactile hairs) on both lips

lips

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Upper lip is called

philtrum (deep straight narrow
cleft)

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Lower lip is called

chin or mentum (rounded
prominence)

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Small in dogs because of the lateral walls of the vestibule

cheeks

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Both lips and cheeks consist of 3 layers which are

– External – hairy integument
– Middle- muscles
– Inner - mucosa

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Separates the respiratory and digestive passages

palate

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Hard palate is

rostral

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Soft palate is

caudal

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Weapon of offense and defense
For procurement of food
For cutting and crushing of food

teeth

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*Sectorial/Sheering Teeth

largest cheek tooth in maxilla

4th premolar-

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*Sectorial/Sheering Teeth

largest cheek tooth in mandible

1st molar

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Sectorial/Sheering Teeth also called

Carnassial teeth

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Dentition is complete by ___ months

6-7

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*Parts of the Tooth

hardest subs in the body; can’t regenerate

Enamel

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*Parts of the Tooth

also called “ivory”, forms the bulk of the tooth

Dentin

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*Parts of the Tooth

the only soft tissue in the tooth

Pulp

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*Parts of the Tooth

thin covering found only on the roots

Cementum

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Parts of the Tooth (3)

Crown
Neck
Root

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*Surfaces of the Teeth

outer surface

Vestibular surface

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*Surfaces of the Teeth

inner surface

Lingual surface

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*Surfaces of the Teeth sides that lie in contact with an adjacent tooth

Contact surfaces

*Surfaces of the Teeth faces the opposite dental arch

Occlusal/masticating surfaces

*Types of Dentition all teeth are similar (eg crocodile)

Homodont

*Types of Dentition teeth have undergone differentiation into molars, premolars, incisors, etc

Heterodont

*Types of Dentition similar primitive cones come together to form one tooth (eg cheek teeth of pig)

Bunodont

*Types of Dentition ridges become sharp

Selenodont

*Types of Dentition cones become ridges as in the cheek teeth of horse

Lophodont

*Types of Dentition enamel of tooth is restricted to the crown

Brachydont

*Types of Dentition much of the crown is embedded in the gum as in the cheek teeth of horse

Hypsodont

Breeds with pigmented oral mucosa have pigmented ____ TOO because it is continuous with the mucosa of the oral vestibule and with the oral cavity proper or of the hard palate

Gums

Parts of the tongue

* Parts – Root – Body – Apex Lingual frenulum

Function of a dog's mouth (8)

* Intake of solid and liquid food * Tactile organ * Bearer of the organs of taste * For grasping, sorting and tasting of food * Aids in swallowing / deglutition * Used for self-grooming * Stimulate their young to defecate and urinate * Panting or heat loss

*Function of lingual papillae mechanical and tactile

Filiform

*Function of lingual papillae gustatory (3)

* Fungiform * Vallate * Foliate

*Function of lingual papillae mechanical

Conical Marginal

Taste buds are located in the

gustatory papillae

*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue Its origin is at the hyoid apparatus (stylohyoid) and it retracts and elevates the tongue.

Styloglossus

*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue -The origin is at the incisive part of the mandible. It protrudes and depressed the tongue.

Genioglossus

*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue The origin is at the hyoid apparatus (basihyoid). It retracts and depresses the tongue.

Hyoglossus

*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue It originates at the incisive part of the mandible and the insertion site is the body of the hyoid. It lies below the tongue (not within it) and draws the hyoid and therefore the tongue forward.

Geniohyoideus

Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue (4)

Styloglossus Genioglossus Hyoglossus Geniohyoideus

Instrinsic Muscle of the tongue

Lingua propria

* Lies on the median plane of the ventral tip of the tongue * Easily recognized by palpation

Lyssa

*Nerves and Vessels Nerve supply comes from the ______ ___, _____ ______, ____________, and _____ ____. blood supply comes from the ___ and ______ _____

nerve supply; lingual nerve chorda tympani glossopharyngeal hypoglossal nerve blood supply; lingual sublingual arteries

*Salivary Glands of Dogs largest

Parotid

*Salivary Glands of Dogs smallest

Sublingual

*Salivary Glands of Dogs found only in dogs and cats

Zygomatic

Salivary Glands of Dogs (4)

* Parotid * Mandibular * Sublingual * Zygomatic

 Common opening of the digestive and respiratory tracts  directs air and food properly to avoid choking the passage of food through this space

Pharynx

*Openings of the Pharynx directed to the esophagus

Isthmus esophagi

*Openings of the Pharynx directed to the larynx

Isthmus laryngis

*Openings of the Pharynx directed to the oral cavity

Isthmus fauciumn

*Openings of the Pharynx how many openings directed to the eustachian tube

*Openings of the Pharynx how many openings directed to the posterior nares

3 Parts of the pharynx

 Oral (oropharynx)  Nasal (nasopharynx)  Laryngeal (laryngopharynx)

*3 Parts of the pharynx Extends from the level of the palatoglossal archesto the caudal border of the soft palate and the base of the epiglottis at the caudal end of the root of the tongue

Oral (oropharynx)

*3 Parts of the pharynx Extends from the choanae to the junction of the palatopharyngeal arches at the caudal border of the soft palate

Nasal (nasopharynx)

*3 Parts of the pharynx Dorsal to the larynx; extends from the palatopharyngeal arches to the beginning of the esophagus

Laryngeal (laryngopharynx)

* First part of alimentary canal * Connects the pharynx and the stomach * Ends in the cardiac portion of the stomach * Passes through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

Esophagus / Gullet

* ridge of mucosa which is an internal demarcation between laryngopharynx and esophagus

Pharyngoesophageal limen