Digestive System I Flashcards
The small intestines are next to the ____ and the ___of the dog.
kidney
liver
First part of the digestive system
mouth
Bounded laterally & rostrally by the cheeks and teeth; dorsally by the hard palate; ventrally by the mandible and tongue and caudally by the soft palate
mouth
Oral cavity (2)
Vestibule
Oral cavity proper
Has vibrissae (tactile hairs) on both lips
lips
Upper lip is called
philtrum (deep straight narrow
cleft)
Lower lip is called
chin or mentum (rounded
prominence)
Small in dogs because of the lateral walls of the vestibule
cheeks
Both lips and cheeks consist of 3 layers which are
– External – hairy integument
– Middle- muscles
– Inner - mucosa
Separates the respiratory and digestive passages
palate
Hard palate is
rostral
Soft palate is
caudal
- Weapon of offense and defense
- For procurement of food
- For cutting and crushing of food
teeth
*Sectorial/Sheering Teeth
largest cheek tooth in maxilla
4th premolar-
*Sectorial/Sheering Teeth
largest cheek tooth in mandible
1st molar
Sectorial/Sheering Teeth also called
Carnassial teeth
Dentition is complete by ___ months
6-7
*Parts of the Tooth
hardest subs in the body; can’t regenerate
Enamel
*Parts of the Tooth
also called “ivory”, forms the bulk of the tooth
Dentin
*Parts of the Tooth
the only soft tissue in the tooth
Pulp
*Parts of the Tooth
thin covering found only on the roots
Cementum
Parts of the Tooth (3)
Crown
Neck
Root
*Surfaces of the Teeth
outer surface
Vestibular surface
*Surfaces of the Teeth
inner surface
Lingual surface
*Surfaces of the Teeth
sides that lie in contact with an adjacent tooth
Contact surfaces
*Surfaces of the Teeth
faces the opposite dental arch
Occlusal/masticating surfaces
*Types of Dentition
all teeth are similar (eg crocodile)
Homodont
*Types of Dentition
teeth have undergone differentiation into molars, premolars, incisors, etc
Heterodont
*Types of Dentition
similar primitive cones come together to form one tooth (eg cheek teeth of pig)
Bunodont
*Types of Dentition
ridges become sharp
Selenodont
*Types of Dentition
cones become ridges as in the cheek teeth of horse
Lophodont
*Types of Dentition
enamel of tooth is restricted to the crown
Brachydont
*Types of Dentition
much of the crown is embedded in the gum as in the cheek teeth of horse
Hypsodont
Breeds with pigmented oral mucosa have pigmented ____ TOO because it is continuous with the mucosa of the oral vestibule and with the oral cavity proper or of the hard palate
Gums
Parts of the tongue
- Parts
– Root
– Body
– Apex
Lingual frenulum
Function of a dog’s mouth (8)
- Intake of solid and liquid food
- Tactile organ
- Bearer of the organs of taste
- For grasping, sorting and tasting of food
- Aids in swallowing / deglutition
- Used for self-grooming
- Stimulate their young to defecate and urinate
- Panting or heat loss
*Function of lingual papillae
mechanical and tactile
Filiform
*Function of lingual papillae
gustatory (3)
- Fungiform
- Vallate
- Foliate
*Function of lingual papillae
mechanical
Conical
Marginal
Taste buds are located in the
gustatory papillae
*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue
Its origin is at the hyoid apparatus (stylohyoid) and it retracts and elevates the tongue.
Styloglossus
*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue
-The origin is at the incisive part of the mandible. It protrudes and depressed the tongue.
Genioglossus
*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue
The origin is at the hyoid apparatus (basihyoid). It retracts and depresses the tongue.
Hyoglossus
*Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue
It originates at the incisive part of the mandible and the insertion site is the body of the hyoid. It lies below the tongue (not within it) and draws the hyoid and therefore the tongue forward.
Geniohyoideus
Extrinsic Muscles of the tongue (4)
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Geniohyoideus
Instrinsic Muscle of the tongue
Lingua propria
- Lies on the median plane of the ventral tip of the tongue
- Easily recognized by palpation
Lyssa
*Nerves and Vessels
Nerve supply comes from the ______ ___,
_____ ______, ____________, and
_____ ____.
blood supply
comes from the ___ and ______ _____
nerve supply;
lingual nerve
chorda tympani
glossopharyngeal
hypoglossal nerve
blood supply;
lingual
sublingual arteries
*Salivary Glands of Dogs
largest
Parotid
*Salivary Glands of Dogs
smallest
Sublingual
*Salivary Glands of Dogs
found only in dogs and cats
Zygomatic
Salivary Glands of Dogs (4)
- Parotid
- Mandibular
- Sublingual
- Zygomatic
Common opening of the digestive and respiratory tracts
directs air and food properly to avoid choking the passage of food through this space
Pharynx
*Openings of the Pharynx
directed to the esophagus
Isthmus esophagi
*Openings of the Pharynx
directed to the larynx
Isthmus laryngis
*Openings of the Pharynx
directed to the oral cavity
Isthmus fauciumn
*Openings of the Pharynx
how many openings directed to the eustachian tube
2
*Openings of the Pharynx
how many openings directed to the posterior nares
2
3 Parts of the pharynx
Oral (oropharynx)
Nasal (nasopharynx)
Laryngeal (laryngopharynx)
*3 Parts of the pharynx
Extends from the level of the palatoglossal archesto the caudal border of the soft palate and the base of the epiglottis at the caudal end of the root of the tongue
Oral (oropharynx)
*3 Parts of the pharynx
Extends from the choanae to the junction of the palatopharyngeal arches at the caudal border of the soft palate
Nasal (nasopharynx)
*3 Parts of the pharynx
Dorsal to the larynx; extends from the palatopharyngeal arches to the beginning of the esophagus
Laryngeal (laryngopharynx)
- First part of alimentary canal
- Connects the pharynx and the stomach
- Ends in the cardiac portion of the stomach
- Passes through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
Esophagus / Gullet
- ridge of mucosa which is an internal demarcation between laryngopharynx and esophagus
Pharyngoesophageal limen
