... I. Hip (The Pelvic Limb) Flashcards
Hip bone/os coxae (4)
ilium, ischium, pubis, acetabular bone
thigh (1)
femur
Stifle/knee joint (3)
menisci, fabellae, patella
Crus/leg (2)
tibia and fibula
hindpaw/pes (2)
ankle and digits
“ankle”
tarsus
digits (3)
metatarsals
phalanges
sesamoid bones
Bony pelvis (3)
Os coxae
Sacrum
First coccygeal vertebra
Os coxae (3)
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
They fuse during the 12th postnatal week (3)
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
fuses with ilium and ischium during the 7th postnatal week
Acetabular bone
Must be large enough to allow passage of offspring
Pelvic cavity
Pelvic openings (2)
Cranial pelvic aperture or pelvic inlet
Caudal pelvic aperture or pelvic outlet
-terminal line of the sacrum
(dorsal)
-cranial border of the pubis
(ventral)
-iliopectineal crest
(bilateral)
-1st coccygeal vertebra
(dorsal)
-caudolateral border of ischiatic tuberosity and ischiatic arch
(ventral)
-sacrotuberous ligament
(bilateral)
(anterior) space enclosed by pelvic brim
Pelvic inlet
opening bound by coccyx and ischial tuberosities
Pelvic outlet
Largest and most cranial of the bones composing the os coxae
Divided into wing and body
2 surfaces, 3 borders, 3 angles
Ilium
3 borders of ilium
Cranial border / iliac crest
Dorsal border
Ventral border
Dorsal border (4) of ilium
◦ Greater ischiatic notch
◦ Ischiatic spine
◦ Caudal dorsal iliac spine
◦ Cranial dorsal iliac spine
Tuber sacrale (2)
◦ Caudal dorsal iliac spine
◦ Cranial dorsal iliac spine
Ventral border of the ilium (2)
◦ Caudal ventral iliac spine
◦ Cranial ventral iliac spine
Tuber coxae of the ilium (2)
◦ Caudal ventral iliac spine
◦ Cranial ventral iliac spine
2 surfaces of the ilium
Gluteal surface –
lateral
Sacropelvic surface
- medial
Body
Ramus
Tuberosity (ischiatic
tuberosity)
◦ Its ventral surface gives rise to the most powerful muscles of the thigh;
the hamstring muscles: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimebranosus
Ischium
Body
Ramus
◦ The main motions of the symphysis are superior/inferior glide and separation/compression
◦ The functions of the joint are to absorb shock during walking and allow delivery of an offspring.
Pubis
largest process of the pubis
Ileopectineal eminence
Symphysis pubis + symphysis ischii
= symphysis pelvis
◦ Serves as attachment of the prepubic tendon, whereby all of the abdominal muscles, except for the m. transversus abdominis, attach wholly or in part
◦ M.pectineus also arises here
Pecten of pubis
◦ Composed of parts of ilium, ischium, pubis
◦ In young, plus acetabular bone
Acetabulum
Acetabulum (2)
◦ Acetabular notch
◦ Acetabular fossa
Means measuring of distances and angles between structures of the pelvis and can be done by palpation or on x-rays of the pelvis
Pelvimetry
