Muscles of the Head Flashcards
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
this muscle extends from the transverse process of the 6th cervical vertebra to the basioccipital bone
longus capitis
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
extends from the ventral arch of atlas to the basioccipital bone
rectus capitis ventralis
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
extends from the wing of the atlas to the medial surface of the paracondylar process
**muscles 1 – 3 flex the atlanto-occipital joint
rectus capitis lateralis
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
situated between the spine of the axis to the squamous part of the occiput
rectus capitis dorsalis major
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
extends from the dorsal arch of atlas and inserts above the foramen magnum
** muscles 4 – 5 extend the atlanto-occipital joint
rectus capitis dorsalis minor
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
covers the atlas and axis dorsally; lies beneath the semispinalis capitis and splenius mm; arises over the entire spinous process and the caudal articular rotation and fixation of the atlantoaxial joint
obliquus capitis caudalis
*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
extends obliquely craniolaterally over the atlanto occipital joint; lies under the splenius muscle; extends the atlanto-occipital joint
obliquus capitis cranialis
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
located on the alveolar borders of the bones containing the incisors; they raise and depress the respective lips
incisivus maxillaris and incisivus mandibularis
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
considered as part of sphincter colli profundus; lies in the lips and is the sphincter muscle of the mouth
orbicularis oris
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
lie next to each other like 2 parts of a single muscle; the former is located dorsal and arises near the infraorbital foramen while the latter is ventrally located. Both of these muscles are under cover of the levator nasolabialis; together they dilate the nostril and raise the upper lip
levator labii maxillaris and caninus
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
forms the cheek; it has a buccal and molar parts; its contraction causes the cheek to move medially
buccinator muscle
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
has fibers radiating into the lower lip from the body of the mandible; it stiffens the lower lip
mentalis
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
fibers ascending to the lower eyelid to depress it
malaris
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
pulls caudad the angle of the mouth
zygomaticus
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
sphincter of the eyelids; the dorsal portion is continous with frontalis
orbicularis oculi
*MUSCLES OF THE FACE
extends from jugular/paracondylar process of the occiput, inserts on the ventral border of mandible; depresses the mandible
digastricus
*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
forms a prominent bulge on the lateral surface of the vertical part of the mandible; arises from the zygomatic arch to the masseteric fossa
masseter
*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
very large, bulging muscle, which occupies the entire temporal fossa and inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible
temporalis
*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
occupies the pterygopalatine fossa, arises from
pterygoid and palatine and inserts on the medial and caudal surfaces of the angular process of the mandible
pterygoideus medialis
*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
arises from sphenoid bone; inserts on the medial surface of the condyle of the mandible
pterygoideus lateralis
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE
retracts the tongue
styloglossus
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE
depress and protrude the tongue; lies within intermandibular space and beneath the tongue
genioglossus
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE
retracts and depress the tongue; located at the root of the tongue
hypoglossus
*INTRINSIC MUSCLE OF THE TONGUE
many muscular bundles arranged longitudinally, transversely, and vertically; protrude tongue; move tongue to prevent it from being bitten; organ of taste
lingua propria
EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX (6)
- Hyopharyngeus
- Thyropharyngeus
- Cricopharyngeus
- Palatopharyngeus
- Pterygopharyngeus
- Stylopharyngeus caudalis
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX
- ceratopharyngeus
- Chondropharyngeus
Hyopharyngeus
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX
- Muscles 1 – 3 are constrictors of pharynx; innervated by vagus nerve
Cricopharyngeus
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX
- Muscles 4 -5 constrict the pharynx and draw it rostrad; innervated by vagus nerve
Pterygopharyngeus
*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX
dilates and elevates the pharynx; innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve
Stylopharyngeus caudalis
*MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE
arises from the muscular process of the rostral margin of the tympanic bulla going to the hamulus of the pterygoid bone; tenses the soft palate; innervated by mandibular nerve
tensor veli palatine
*MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE
arises from the muscular process adjacent to the
tympanic bulla and inserts on the caudal half of the soft palate lateral to the palatinus m; raises the caudal portion of soft palate; innervated by vagus nerve
levator veli palatine
*MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE
constitutes most of the soft palate, arises from the palatine process of the palatine bone to the caudal free border of the soft palate; innervated by vagus nerve
palatinus
tenses the vocal folds; innervated by cranial laryngeal branch of vagus nerve
cricothyroideus
abducts the arytenoid cartilage
cricoarytenoideus dorsalis
relaxes the vocal folds by pulling the arytenoid cartilage ventrally
thyroarytenoideus
relaxes vocal folds
vocalis
dilates the saccule or lateral ventricle
ventricularis
adducts the vocal folds
arytenoideus transversus
NOTE: *muscles 2 – 6 are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve
*vocal folds – folds of mucous membrane in the larynx that vibrate to produce sounds
NOTE: *muscles 2 – 6 are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve
*vocal folds – folds of mucous membrane in the larynx that vibrate to produce sounds
