Muscles of the Head

Question 1

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

this muscle extends from the transverse process of the 6th cervical vertebra to the basioccipital bone

Answer 1

longus capitis

Question 2

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

extends from the ventral arch of atlas to the basioccipital bone

Answer 2

rectus capitis ventralis

Question 3

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

extends from the wing of the atlas to the medial surface of the paracondylar process

**muscles 1 – 3 flex the atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 3

rectus capitis lateralis

Question 4

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

situated between the spine of the axis to the squamous part of the occiput

Answer 4

rectus capitis dorsalis major

Question 5

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

extends from the dorsal arch of atlas and inserts above the foramen magnum

** muscles 4 – 5 extend the atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 5

rectus capitis dorsalis minor

Question 6

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

covers the atlas and axis dorsally; lies beneath the semispinalis capitis and splenius mm; arises over the entire spinous process and the caudal articular rotation and fixation of the atlantoaxial joint

Answer 6

obliquus capitis caudalis

Question 7

*MUSCLES OF THE HEAD

extends obliquely craniolaterally over the atlanto occipital joint; lies under the splenius muscle; extends the atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 7

obliquus capitis cranialis

Question 8

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

located on the alveolar borders of the bones containing the incisors; they raise and depress the respective lips

Answer 8

incisivus maxillaris and incisivus mandibularis

Question 9

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

considered as part of sphincter colli profundus; lies in the lips and is the sphincter muscle of the mouth

Answer 9

orbicularis oris

Question 10

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

lie next to each other like 2 parts of a single muscle; the former is located dorsal and arises near the infraorbital foramen while the latter is ventrally located. Both of these muscles are under cover of the levator nasolabialis; together they dilate the nostril and raise the upper lip

Answer 10

levator labii maxillaris and caninus

Question 11

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

forms the cheek; it has a buccal and molar parts; its contraction causes the cheek to move medially

Answer 11

buccinator muscle

Question 12

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

has fibers radiating into the lower lip from the body of the mandible; it stiffens the lower lip

Answer 12

mentalis

Question 13

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

fibers ascending to the lower eyelid to depress it

Answer 13

malaris

Question 14

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

pulls caudad the angle of the mouth

Answer 14

zygomaticus

Question 15

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

sphincter of the eyelids; the dorsal portion is continous with frontalis

Answer 15

orbicularis oculi

Question 16

*MUSCLES OF THE FACE

extends from jugular/paracondylar process of the occiput, inserts on the ventral border of mandible; depresses the mandible

Answer 16

digastricus

Question 17

*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

forms a prominent bulge on the lateral surface of the vertical part of the mandible; arises from the zygomatic arch to the masseteric fossa

Answer 17

masseter

Question 18

*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

very large, bulging muscle, which occupies the entire temporal fossa and inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible

Answer 18

temporalis

Question 19

*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

occupies the pterygopalatine fossa, arises from
pterygoid and palatine and inserts on the medial and caudal surfaces of the angular process of the mandible

Answer 19

pterygoideus medialis

Question 20

*MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

arises from sphenoid bone; inserts on the medial surface of the condyle of the mandible

Answer 20

pterygoideus lateralis

Question 21

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE

retracts the tongue

Answer 21

styloglossus

Question 22

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE

depress and protrude the tongue; lies within intermandibular space and beneath the tongue

Answer 22

genioglossus

Question 23

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE

retracts and depress the tongue; located at the root of the tongue

Answer 23

hypoglossus

Question 24

*INTRINSIC MUSCLE OF THE TONGUE

many muscular bundles arranged longitudinally, transversely, and vertically; protrude tongue; move tongue to prevent it from being bitten; organ of taste

Answer 24

lingua propria

Question 25

EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX (6)

Answer 25

1. Hyopharyngeus 2. Thyropharyngeus 3. Cricopharyngeus 4. Palatopharyngeus 5. Pterygopharyngeus 6. Stylopharyngeus caudalis

Question 26

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX * ceratopharyngeus * Chondropharyngeus

Answer 26

Hyopharyngeus

Question 27

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX * Muscles 1 – 3 are constrictors of pharynx; innervated by vagus nerve

Answer 27

Cricopharyngeus

Question 28

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX * Muscles 4 -5 constrict the pharynx and draw it rostrad; innervated by vagus nerve

Answer 28

Pterygopharyngeus

Question 29

*EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PHARYNX dilates and elevates the pharynx; innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 29

Stylopharyngeus caudalis

Question 30

*MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE arises from the muscular process of the rostral margin of the tympanic bulla going to the hamulus of the pterygoid bone; tenses the soft palate; innervated by mandibular nerve

Answer 30

tensor veli palatine

Question 31

*MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE arises from the muscular process adjacent to the tympanic bulla and inserts on the caudal half of the soft palate lateral to the palatinus m; raises the caudal portion of soft palate; innervated by vagus nerve

Answer 31

levator veli palatine

Question 32

*MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE constitutes most of the soft palate, arises from the palatine process of the palatine bone to the caudal free border of the soft palate; innervated by vagus nerve

Answer 32

palatinus

Question 33

tenses the vocal folds; innervated by cranial laryngeal branch of vagus nerve

Answer 33

cricothyroideus

Question 34

abducts the arytenoid cartilage

Answer 34

cricoarytenoideus dorsalis

Question 35

relaxes the vocal folds by pulling the arytenoid cartilage ventrally

Answer 35

thyroarytenoideus

Question 36

relaxes vocal folds

Answer 36

vocalis

Question 37

dilates the saccule or lateral ventricle

Answer 37

ventricularis

Question 38

adducts the vocal folds

Answer 38

arytenoideus transversus

Question 39

NOTE: *muscles 2 – 6 are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve *vocal folds – folds of mucous membrane in the larynx that vibrate to produce sounds

Answer 39

NOTE: *muscles 2 – 6 are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve *vocal folds – folds of mucous membrane in the larynx that vibrate to produce sounds