The liver,gall bladder, pancreas

Question 1

What are the main functions of the liver?

Answer 1

-detoxification of metabolic waste
-destruction of spent RBC
-secretion of bile
-synthesis of plasma proteins
-processing and storage of nutrients absorbed from gut tube
-storage of fat-soluble vitamins

Question 2

describe the structure of the liver lobule-structural unit

Answer 2

-group of hepatocytes
-hexagonal
-seperated by connective tissue with portal tracts
-portal triads at corner of lobules

Question 3

Describe main components od the liver lobule

Answer 3

-sinusoid
-central vein
-hepatic portal vein
-hepatic artery
-bile duct

efficent 2 way exchange between blood in sinusoids and hepatocytes

Question 4

Descibe the structure of the gall bladder

Answer 4

-muscular sac,stores and concentrates bile 5-10x

-tall columnar epithelium with brush border

-lymph/blood vessels in submucosa to transport H2O away

Question 5

Describe the structure of bile

Answer 5

-bile salts-emulsify fats
-bile pigments-chiefly bilirubin(haem waste product) broken down into sterocobilin
-cholestrol
-triglycerides
-phospholipids-lecithin
-electrolytes

Question 6

Describe the function of the pancreas

Answer 6

-exocrine component forms 80% gland
-secretes alkaline fluid rich in enzymes
-neutralises acid chyme from stomach
-trypsin/chymotrypsin secreted in inactive form-prevents autodigestion
-activated in duodenum

Question 7

Explain the control of bile and pancreatic secretion

Answer 7

-presence of acidic chyme in intestine stimulates production of intestinal juice

-secretin stimulates liver cells to release bile and pancreatic secretion

-CCK stimulates gallbladder contractionand pancreatic secretion