The brain

Question 1

What are the 3 distinct areas of the brain?

Answer 1

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

Question 2

What does the forebrain consist of?

Answer 2

cerebrum
thalamus
hypothalamus

Question 3

Which is the largest part of the forebrain?

Answer 3

the cerebrum

Question 4

what percentage of neurons does the cerebrum contain?

Answer 4

90% of the neurons in the entire nervous system

Question 5

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 5

a tract of white matter whose never fibres run across the brain between the right and left hemispheres

Question 6

what are gyri?

Answer 6

upfolds in the brain tissue

Question 7

what are sulci?

Answer 7

shallow depressions in the brain tissue

Question 8

what are fissures?

Answer 8

deep crevices in the brain tissue

Question 9

Where is the thalamus found?

Answer 9

deep in the tissue of the forebrain

Question 10

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 10

to process information from the sense organs and relay it to the cerebral cortex

Question 11

Where is the hypothalamus found?

Answer 11

ventral to the thalamus

Question 12

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 12

Link between the endocrine and nervous systems
helps to control the autonomic nervous system
Major influence on homeostasis

Question 13

How does the hypothalamus link between the endocrine and nervous system?

Answer 13

By secreting a series of releasing hormones that are then stored in the pituitary gland

Question 14

How does the hypothalamus help to control the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 14

by influencing a range of involuntary actions such as sweating, shivering, vasodilation and vasoconstriction

Question 15

How does the hypothalamus influence homeostasis in the body?

Answer 15

by influencing osmotic balance of body fluids, the regulation of body temperature, and control of thirst and hunger centres in the brain

Question 16

What structures can be seen on the ventral surface of the forebrain?

Answer 16

Optic chiasma
Pituitary gland
Olfactory bulbs

Question 17

where is the midbrain found?

Answer 17

lying between the forebrain and the hindbrain, overrun by the cerebral hemispheres.

Question 18

What is the function of the midbrain?

Answer 18

acts as a pathway for fibres running from the hindbrain to the forebrain carrying the senses of hearing and sight

Question 19

What does the hindbrain consist of?

Answer 19

Cerebellum
Pons
medulla oblongata

Question 20

Where is the cerebellum located?

Answer 20

on the dorsal surface of the hindbrain

Question 21

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 21

controls balance and coordination.

voluntary movements are initiated by the cerebrum and fine adjustments are made and coordinated by the cerebellum

Question 22

Where is the pons located?

Answer 22

ventral to the cerebellum

forms a bridge of nerve fibres between the cerebellar hemispheres.

Question 23

what is the function of the pons?

Answer 23

contains centres that control respiration

Question 24

Where is the medulla oblongata located?

Answer 24

extends from the pons and merges into the spinal chords

Question 25

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 25

Contains centres responsible for the control of reparation and blood pressure

Question 26

What are the names of the 3 protective layers around the brain?

Answer 26

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 27

What is the outermost layer of the meninges?

Answer 27

Dura mater

Question 28

What is the middle layer of the meninges?

Answer 28

arachnoid mater

Question 29

what if the inner most layer of the meninges?

Answer 29

pia mater