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Anatomy and physiology > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stratum corneum

A

The top layer of skin, comprised of cells called corneocytes which are dead cells made of keratin.

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2
Q

What are corneocytes?

A

Cells made of keratin. (Dead) on the top layer of skin (stratum corneum)

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3
Q

What is the function of the stratum corneum?

A

Provides a waterproof layer

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4
Q

How long does it take for the outer corneocytes to be replaced by cells from the lower layers?

A

22 days, can vary depending on trauma and disease

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5
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis ?

A
  • stratum corneum
  • stratum lucidum
  • stratum granulosum
  • stratum spinosum
  • stratum basale
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6
Q

What skin layer is only present on the nose and footpads?

A

Stratum lucidum

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7
Q

What cells is the stratum lucidum made up of?

A

Dead cells that contain lipid

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8
Q

At What layer of skin do the cells begin to die?

A

Stratum granulosum

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9
Q

What gives the cells their granular appearance under a light microscope in the stratum granulosum?

A

Keratin

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10
Q

What is different about the cells in the stratum granulosum?

A

The nuclei of the cells are shrunken

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11
Q

How think of the stratum granulosum in areas where hair is present?

A

2 cells think

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12
Q

How think can the stratum granulosum layer be in areas where hair in absent?

A

Up to 8 cells thick

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13
Q

What layer of the epidermis are the cells still alive?

A

Stratum spinosum

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14
Q

What is the appearance of the cells in the stratum spinosum?

A

Spiky - alive and nucleated

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15
Q

How thick is the stratum spinosum in areas where hair is present?

A

1-2 cells thick

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16
Q

How thick is the stratum spinosum in areas where hair is not present?

A

Up to 20 cells thick

17
Q

What layer of the epidermis do the cells have a spiky appearance ?

A

Stratum spinosum

18
Q

What is the lowest layer of the epidermis?

A

Stratum basale

19
Q

How thick is the stratum basale layer?

A

1 cells thick

20
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Cells that give the skin its pigment

21
Q

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for replacing cells in the other layers?

A

Stratum basale

22
Q

Which layer of the epidermis dose mitosis take place?

A

Stratum basale

23
Q

What layer contains the blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles and arrector pili muscles found?

A

Dermis

24
Q

What causes the hair to stand on end?

A

The arrector pili muscles

25
Q

What is the term for the outer covering of an animal?

A

Integument

Anatomy and physiology (29 decks)

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