Nervous System Flashcards
What cells make up nervous tissue?
Neurons
What do Afferent nerve fibres do?
receive information from the PNS and take it to the CNS
What do Efferent nerve fibres do?
sned information from the CNS to the PNS
What does CNS stand for?
central nervous system
What does PNS stand for?
Peripheral nervous system
What makes up the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal chord
what makes up he peripheral nervous system?
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
What is the caudal equine?
where the spinal chord terminates at the last few vertebra
What is the name of the place that the spinal chord terminates in the last few vertebra?
Caudal equine
What do somatic nervers do?
serve voluntary parts of the body
What do visceral nerves do?
serve involuntary parts of the body
Which nerves serve voluntary parts of the body?
Somatic nerves
Which nerves serve involuntary parts of the body?
visceral nerves
What is grey matter?
the term used to describe the appearance of cell bodies
What is white matter?
the term used to describe the appearance of axions or fibres
What is a reflex action?
a response to the stimulus that doesn’t have to be learned
What is the name of cells produced in the myelin sheath?
Schwann Cells
What are Schwann Cells?
Cells that are produced in the myelin sheath
What are short projections that receive impulses called?
Dendrites
What are Dendrites?
Short projections that receive impulses
What are the gaps in the myelin sheath called?
Nodes of ranvier
What are the nodes of ranvier?
Gaps in the myelin sheath
What is the function of the nodes of ranvier?
Allow the passage of oxygen and nutrients
What is the name of the membrane surrounding the nerve cell?
Neurioemma
What is the Neurioemma?
The membrane surrounding the nerve
What is the name of the space between two nerve cells?
Synapse
What is a synapse?
The space between two nerve cells
What is the name of the junction between a neuron and a muscle fibre?
the neuromuscular junction
What is the neuromuscular junction?
the space between a neuron and a muscle fibre
What is a neurotransmitter?
a chemical that allows the transmission of nerve impulses
What is a ganglion?
a group of cell bodies found in the PNS
What does the autonomic nervous system consist of?
consists of spinal nerves that supply motor fibres to the visceral motor system. It is self governing (not under conscious control)
What does the sympathetic system do?
Prepares the body of stressful or hazardous situations
What is the autonomic nervous system?
The part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive process
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which also includes the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The sympathetic nervous system activates what is often termed the fight or flight response
What are somatic nerves?
nerves that serve voluntary parts of the body
What are visceral nerves?
nerves that serve involuntary parts of the body
what is the Parasympathetic nervous system?
relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system which balances the action of the sympathetic nerves. It consists of nerves arising from the brain and the lower end of the spinal cord and supplying the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands.
What is a Motor Nerve?
A nerve carrying impulses from the brain or spinal chord to a muscle or gland
What is a sensory nerve?
also called an afferent nerve, is a nerve that carries sensory information toward the central nervous system
What is an axon?
one long process on the neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.
What is the name of the point at which the axon leaves the cell?
Axon hillock
