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Anatomy and physiology > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What do Endocrine Glands do?

A

They secrete internally. They send hormones via the blood stream

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2
Q

What do Exocrine glands do?

A

Secrete externally through ducts

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3
Q

What hormones does the Thyroid Gland produce?

A

Thyroxin and Calcitonin

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4
Q

What Hormones does the Parathyroid gland produce?

A

Parathormone

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5
Q

What hormones does the Adrenal cortex gland produce?

A

Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Gonadocorticoids

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6
Q

What hormones does the Adrenal Medulla gland produce?

A

Adrenaline (Epinephrine) and Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine)

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7
Q

What hormones does the pituitary gland produce?

A 
Growth Hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Prolactin 
Oxytocin 
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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8
Q

What hormones does the pancreas gland produce?

A

Insulin, Glucagon and Somatostatin

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9
Q

What hormones does the ovary gland produce?

A

Oestrogen and Progesterone

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10
Q

What hormones does the testis gland produce?

A

Testosterone

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11
Q

What hormones does the Pineal gland produce?

A

Melatonin

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12
Q

What is the action of the hormone Melatonin?

A

Coordinating circadian and diurnal rhythms

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13
Q

What is the action of the hormone testosterone?

A

Male Characteristics Spermatogenesis

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14
Q

What is the action of the Hormone Progesterone?

A

Prepare the uterus and maintains pregnancy

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15
Q

What is the action of the hormone Oestrogen?

A

Female sec characteristics and oestrus behaviour

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16
Q

What is the action of the hormone Somatostatin?

A

Smooths out blood glucose fluctuations

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17
Q

What is the action of the hormone Glucagon?

A

Increases blood glucose

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18
Q

What is the action of the hormone Insulin?

A

Decreases blood glucose

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19
Q

What is the action of the Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

A

Reabsorption of water from renal collecting ducts

20
Q

What is the action of the oxytocin hormone?

A

Milk let down, uterine contraction and parturition

21
Q

What is the action of the hormone prolactin?

A

Stimulates formation of milk

22
Q

What is the action of the Luteinizing hormone (LH)?

A

Ovulation and development of the corpus luteum

23
Q

What is the action of the Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)?

A

Stimulates adrenal cortex

24
Q

What is the action of the Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

Stimulates growth of ovarian follicle

25
Q

What is the action of the Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

A

stimulates thyroid gland activity

26
Q

What is the action of the growth hormone?

A

Stimulates growth

27
Q

What is the action of the Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) hormone?

A

Sympathetic nerve system

28
Q

What is the action of the Adrenaline (Epinephrine) hormone?

A

Sympathetic nerve system

29
Q

What is the action of the hormone Gonadocorticoids?

A

Male and female sex hormone

30
Q

What is the action of the hormone Mineralocorticoids?

A

Potassium and sodium levels

31
Q

What is the action of the hormone Glucocorticoids?

A

Protein and carbohydrate metabolism and ani-inflammatory

32
Q

What is the action of the hormone Parathormone?

A

Regulates calcium and phosphorus levels

33
Q

What is the action of the hormone Calcitonin?

A

Regulates calcium level

34
Q

What is the action of the hormone Thyroxin?

A

Increases metabolic rate

35
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A

Underweight, Active, aggressive, polyphagia and tachycardia

36
Q

What is Diabetes Mellitus?

A

Lack of insulin

37
Q

What are the symptoms of diabetes mellitus?

A

Hyperglycaemia, glycosuria and underweight as the body uses fat and protein stores as energy

38
Q

What does Hyperadrenocorticalism lead to?

A

Cushings disease

39
Q

What are the symptoms of Hyperadrenocorticalism?

A

Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, bilateral symmetrical alopecia

40
Q

What does Hypothyroidism cause in young animals?

A

Dwarfism

41
Q

What does Hypothyroidism cause in older animals?

A

Myxodema - Sluggish , overweight, alopecia and bradycardia

42
Q

What does autocrine mean?

A

Of or relating to a hormone that has an effect on the original cell that produced it

43
Q

What does paracrine mean?

A

Of or elation get to a hormone that has an effect on local cells

44
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Increased levels of a hormone detected results in decreased levels of hormone production

45
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Increased levels of hormone result in even more hormone being produced by the gland

46
Q

What hormones does the anterior pituitary gland produce?

A 
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Prolactin 
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
47
Q

What hormones does the posterior pituitary gland produce?

A 
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aka vasopressin
Oxytocin

Anatomy and physiology (29 decks)

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