Cell Division

Question 1

List the phases of Mitosis

Answer 1

Interphase 
Prophase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telephase

Question 2

What happens in Prophase?

Answer 2

The nuclear membrane breaks down and the chromosomes contract getting shorter and fatter (more visible)

Question 3

What happens in Metaphase?

Answer 3

The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell called the equator and the chromatids draw apart at the centromere

Question 4

What happens in Anaphase?

Answer 4

The chromosomes attach to the spindle fibres and as these contract it moves the chromatids towards the opposite poles of the cell.

Question 5

What Happens in Telephase?

Answer 5

The chromatids will be the chromosomes of the daughter calls. The spindle fibres break down and the nuclear membrane reforms. the cell starts to constrict across the middle and continues to divide into two.

Question 6

What is Mitosis?

Answer 6

where one cell divides once to form two identical cells

Question 7

What is a haploid cell?

Answer 7

A cell that has one complete set of chromosomes

Question 8

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 8

A call that has 2 complete sets of chromosomes

Question 9

What is the difference between a haploid and diploid cell?

Answer 9

a haploid cell has half the amount of chromosomes as a diploid cell

Question 10

What are daughter cells?

Answer 10

cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell because they con tai the same number and type of chromosomes

Question 11

What are parent cells?

Answer 11

a cell that divides to give rise to two daughter cells

Question 12

What does homologous mean?

Answer 12

Chromosomes with the same gene sequence as another

Question 13

What is a somatic cell?

Answer 13

cell of the body that reproduce via mitosis and contain diploid number of chromosomes

Question 14

What is a Germ Cell?

Answer 14

reproductive cells such as ova and sperm. they divide by meiosis and contain haploid number of chromosomes

Question 15

What are the main purposes of mitosis?

Answer 15

for growth and to replace warn out cells

Question 16

What is interphase?

Answer 16

the phase where DNA is preparing for the next stage (sometimes considered to be the resting stage)

Question 17

What is Meiosis?

Answer 17

The process in which germ cells divide in the ovaries or testes, resulting in the production of ova or sperm containing half the normal number of chromosomes (the haploid number)

Question 18

List the stages of Meiosis

Answer 18

Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telephase I
Prophase II
metaphase II
Anaphase II telephase II

Question 19

What happens in Prophase I?

Answer 19

The identical chromosomes lie side by side and duplicate. Each pair is joined at the centromere.

Question 20

What happens in Metaphase I?

Answer 20

The homologous pairs of chromosomes come to lie among the lines of the equator of the cell and spindles start to form.

Question 21

What happens in Anaphase I?

Answer 21

The pairs separate and the chromatids migrate along the spindle fibres towards the poles of the cell.

Question 22

What happens in Telephase I?

Answer 22

The cytoplasm begins to divide but the nuclear membrane does not reform. This stage is the first meiotic division.

Question 23

What happens in Prophase II?

Answer 23

The first step of meiosis II, begins with two daughter cells produced by the first meiotic division as in prophase I, the chromosomes are condensed by there is no need to replicate the chromosomes.

Question 24

What happens in Metaphase II?

Answer 24

The chromosomes arrange themselves along the equator and the spindle fibres appear.

Question 25

What happens in Anaphase II?

Answer 25

The chromatids pull apart and migrate towards the poles of the cell.

Question 26

What happens in Telephase II?

Answer 26

the cytoplasm begins to divide; the nuclear membrane reforms and four identical daughter cells are formed. This is the second meiotic division.

Question 27

What does Meiosis result in?

Answer 27

The production of 4 daughter cells, each of which is non identical to the parent call and contain the haploid number of chromosomes.

Question 28

What is a procriptic cell?

Answer 28

simple cells, such as bacteria

Question 29

What is a Eukeriptic cell?

Answer 29

Complex cells making tissue and bodies

Question 30

What is a homologous pair?

Answer 30

the same/identical chromosomes

Question 31

What is nondisjunction?

Answer 31

crossing over of chromosomes doesn’t happen properly causing genetic disorders.

Question 32

What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 32

separating of cells after binary fission