Thanatochemistry Comprehensive Exam Flashcards
The process of removing water of crystallization from a compound is called:
Dehydration
The tertiary structure of a protein:
Is the arrangements of the subunits
The sodium salt of EDTA is used as a _____ in embalming fluids
Anticoagulant
The mass of an atom is mainly due to:
Protons + neutrons
In simple ethers the two alkyl groups are:
The same
What state of matter has the most energy?
Gas
What compound is said to be an organic base?
Amines
The formula ROH is the general formula for:
Alcohols
The amount of energy absorbed by a unit mass of matter is the:
Absorbed dose
Amino acids are the building blocks of:
Proteins
The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to the gaseous state is the:
Boiling point
Decarboxylation is a:
Form of putrefaction
Any substance that breaks apart in aqueous solution to yield hydroxide ions
Arrhenius base
Any substance that accepts a pair of electrons
Lewis acid
Any substance that donates a pair of electrons
Lewis base
A proton donor
Bronsted-Lowry acid
Substances that give up their water of crystallization to the surrounding air are:
Efflorescent
Thioesters contain _____ instead of oxygen
Sulfur
When embalming a body that has recently received radionuclide therapy:
Use large quantities of water
Permanent hardness of water:
Cannot be removed by boiling
Density can be defined as:
D = M/V
When naming alkanes the ending is always:
Ane
Margarines are formed by _____ of vegetable oils
Hydrogenation
A substance containing only two elements, one of which is oxygen is a:
Oxide
A pH of 8 indicates a:
Basic solution
The polymer that formaldehyde forms is called:
Paraformaldehyde
Carboxylic acid + base will produce:
Salt + Water
Formalin contains:
- 37% formaldehyde gas by mass
* 40% formaldehyde gas by volume
_____ are defined as substances that cannot be decomposed by further chemical means
Elements
How many electrons can be held in an s orbital?
2
The standard unit of measurement for volume is the:
Liter
A catalyst:
Speeds up chemical reactions
The process where a solid goes directly to the gaseous state without going through a liquid state is called:
Sublimation
The process of boiling fats or oils with aqueous alkali is:
Saponification
The reaction of an acid with a base to form water and a salt is called:
Neutralization
The study of compounds produced by living organisms is the definition for:
Biochemistry
Water hardness is most commonly caused by:
Calcium
Crenation is when:
A blood cell shrinks
Positrons are a form of:
Beta decay
Mercaptans are:
- Similar to alcohols
- Contain sulfur
- Produce obnoxious odors
Carbon has a combining capacity of:
4
Alkynes are:
Unsaturated
If you start with H2O and end up with hydrogen and oxygen, what type of reaction has occurred:
Decomposition
Formaldehyde is a:
Gas
Which of the following is a chemical change?
- Cutting fabric
- Dissolving salt in water
- Burning human remains
- Melting ice
Burning human remains
Any radioactive material is a:
Radionuclide
Which of the following compounds does not have cholesterol as a precursor?
- Amines
- Bile salts
- Vitamin D
- Hormones
Amines
H2O is an example of a:
Compound
The charge on a proton is:
+1
Which of the following is not a form of protection from radiation?
- Shielding
- Time
- Absorbed dose
- Distance
Absorbed dose
Carbohydrates:
- Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- Are aldoses or ketoses
- Are derivatives of polyhydroxy alcohols
In Boyle’s Law, if the pressure increases the volume must:
Decrease
The removal of electrons from a substance
Oxidation
The addition of oxygen to a substance
Oxidation
The addition of hydrogen to a substance
Reduction
The addition of electrons to a substance
Reduction
A battery which is not being used at the present is a good example of:
Potential energy
The high boiling point of water is a result of:
Hydrogen bonding
The study of certain carbon compounds is the definition of:
Organic chemistry
Aromatic aldehydes are used as _____ in embalming fluids
Perfuming agents
Monohydroxy alcohols contain _____ OH groups:
1
Proenzymes are:
Inactive precursors of enzymes
Formaldehyde cross-links which of the following in proteins?
- Imino groups
- Amino groups
- Peptide linkages
Index is defined as:
Grams of pure formaldehyde per 100 millimeters of solution
The presence of excess nitrogen in human remains will:
Increase formaldehyde demand
The conversion of an atom of one element into an atom of another is:
Transmutation
Benzene and its derivatives are said to be:
Aromatic
Not yet saturated
Unsaturated solution
Small amount of solute in relation to solvent
Dilute solution
Contains more solute than can be held under normal conditions
Supersaturated
Greater amount of solute in relation to solvent
Concentrated solution
A compound that is amphoteric can:
Act as both an acid and a base
Any process that liberates or gives off heat is:
Exothermic
Aldehydes are partially oxidized to produce:
Acids
A substance that has a molecular mass that is approximately a multiple of the original substance is a:
Polymer
The portion of the enzyme that binds to the substrate is called the:
Active site
Alkenes contain:
Double bonds
H2SO4, sulfuric acid is a _____ acid
Diprotic
Which element is responsible for blood clotting?
Ca
A metallic substance that is composed of two or more metallic elements is the definition of:
Solid solution
A mixture of two mutually insoluble substances, such as dirt and water, with the dirt being held in suspension by a third substance is:
Emulsion
_____ are substances composed of two or more elements chemically united in a definite proportion by mass
Compounds
A compound in which there is a chemical union between water and the molecules of certain substances is a:
Hydrate
The prefix milli represents
1/1000
All of the hydrogens in a carboxylic acid are considered to be acidic. (T/F)
True
Esters are used in embalming fluids as _____
Perfuming agents
Glycerin is used as a _____ in embalming fluids
Humectant
The melting point of a substance is considered to be a:
Physical property
Hydrolysis of a polysaccharide produces:
Many monosaccharides
Which of the following travels as a wave?
- Alpha radiation
- Beta radiation
- Gamma rays
- All of the above
- None of the above
Gamma rays
Complete oxidation of any organic compound produces:
- Carbon dioxide
* Water
Some quaternary ammonium salts are used in embalming fluids as:
Supplementary germicides
Which of the following does not undergo hydrolysis?
- Miscellaneous lipids
- Simple lipids
- Compound lipids
- Polylipids
Miscellaneous lipids
_____ are composed of two or more nonchemically united substances that are in no definite proportion by mass
Mixtures
Strong electrolytes:
Do conduct electricity
_____ bonds result from the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another
Ionic
