Pathology Comprehensive Exam Flashcards
Which one of these is not a post-mortem condition following death from a malignant neoplasm:
- Weight gain
- Emaciation
- Deformity
- Hemorrhage
- Discoloration
Weight gain
Growths that project on stalks from mucous membranes:
Polyps
Which gland(s) secrete a hormone which regulates the calcium levels of the body:
Thyroid
Acute or chronic inflammation of the stomach is called:
Gastritis
The cardinal sign(s) of inflammation:
- Heat
- Pain
- Swelling
- Redness
A stroke is also known as a:
Cerebrovascular accident
The causes of this condition are not well known, but there is a uniform enlargement of the thyroid gland and increased secretion of thyroxine and is termed:
Grave’s Disease
A collection of edematous fluid in the abdominal cavity is called:
Asites
An increased accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain:
Hydrocephalus
An infection of the heart valves during Rheumatic Fever is one caused:
Mitral stenosis
A condition in which the oxygen-carrying pigment Hemoglobin is below normal
Anemia
This inflammatory condition which affects the membrane that covers the CNS and is caused by a bacteria is:
Meningitis
Purple or reddish spots of discoloration caused by bleeding under the skin. Most common in the elderly:
Purpura
A malignant neoplasm of the nervous system:
Glioma
Increased production of red blood cells by the bone marrow:
- Erythrocytosis
* Polycythemia vera
Addison’s Disease results from a deficiency of _____ hormones:
Adrenocortical
This is an area of purplish discoloration and is sometimes referred to as “black and blue”:
Ecchymosis
This chronic disease is generally a non-killing degeneration of the brain causing severe disability:
Parkinson’s Disease
A chronic disease of the nervous system characterized by patches of demyelination and by remission and relapse is:
Multiple sclerosis
Enlargement of an organ due to an increase in size of constituent cells:
Hypertrophy
A hyperplastic response of the thyroid tissue to a deficiency in iodine, which is an important component of thyroxine and will cause:
Goiter
Acquired cretinism:
Myxedema
This is a congenital disease which results from an inutero developmental defect, it effects the motor system of the brain:
Cerebral palsy
Swelling filled with blood and resembling a tumor is called:
Hematoma
The loss of cerebral control after a head injury without any obvious signs of an inorganic lesion is a:
Concussion
Inflammation of the testes is called:
Orchitis
A type of disease that runs a slow course, rather mild as to symptoms, and may last for weeks, months, and years is called:
Chronic
The prediction of the probable outcome of a disease is called the:
Prognosis
Inflammation of the gallbladder:
Cholecystitis
Masses of tortuous veins in the anorectum area:
Hemorrhoids
The term which means a nose bleed is:
Epistaxis
Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal area is called:
Cryptorchism
A benign neoplasm that resembles a wart:
Papilloma
A disease that results from the activity of physicians:
Iatrogenic
A disease caused by hypoadrenalism is:
Addison’s Disease
The manner in which a disease develops is called:
Pathogenesis
An inflammatory condition of the gums of the mouth is technically referred to as:
Gingivitis
The study of the cause of a disease is called:
Etiology
Inflammation of the cervix uteri:
Endocervicitis
Inflammation of a joint that may be caused by microorganisms or degenerative joint disease. It is often accompanied by changes in structure:
Arthritis
Benign tumor derived from vascular tissue:
Angioma
A collapsed or airless condition of the lungs:
Atelectasis
Hypoactivity of the anterior pituitary gland will cause:
Dwarfism
Interconnected, pus-filled, inflamed hair-roots:
- Furuncle
* ???
A malignant tumor of cartilage is:
Chondrosarcoma
The accumulation of serous fluid in the membrane surrounding the testes:
Hydrocele
An organism which is capable of causing a disease is called a(n):
Pathogen
This important gland is sometimes called the master gland:
Pituitary
Death from chilling or extreme exposure is termed:
Hypothermia
A congenital defect in which there are more than the usual number of fingers or toes is called:
Polydactylism
A free floating foreign particle in the bloodstream is known as:
Embolus
A disease caused by a change in the structure of a tissue is:
Functional
A condition in which there is a congenital absence of normal coloring is called:
Albinism
Localized death of tissue in a still-living body, possibly caused by infection, extreme heat or lack of blood supply:
Necrosis
Diabetes mellitus is a malfunction of which gland?
Pancreas
A benign tumor of fatty tissue:
Lipoma
A disease whose exact cause is unknown is called:
Idiopathic
What is a complication of diabetes mellitus:
- Arteriosclerosis
- Vascular obstruction
- Gangrene
Death of tissue caused by a lack of blood supply:
Infarction
The thickening of the walls, calcium deposits and narrowing of the lumen in an artery describes:
Arteriosclerosis
Generalized edema is known as:
Anasarca
Ectopic pregnancy refers to a pregnancy:
Outside the uterus
The spread of tumor cells from one part of the body to another by blood or lymph is called:
Metastasis
A condition in which a kidney becomes distended with urine:
Hydronephrosis
Another name for pleural effusion is:
Hydrothorax
Which of the following is not considered a predisposing factor regarding the cause of disease?
- Malnutrition
- Trauma
- Occupation
- Sex
Trauma
A nonmalignant tumor of the female reproductive system containing elements derived from the ectoderm (Hair, teeth):
- Dermoid cyst
* Teratoma
Hypersensitivity to particular antigens:
Allergies
Black, tarry feces caused by bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract:
Melena
A disease characterized by a rapid onset and course is said to be:
Acute
Proteins recognized as foreign by the immune system:
Antigens
A condition of arrested physical and mental development caused by lack of thyroxin production:
Cretinism
Hepatitis may be caused by:
Viral infection
A fulminating disease is:
Rapid onset and relatively short duration
What would be an exciting cause of disease:
Radiation
A disease marked by progressive destructive changes in the brain. It leads to personality changes and loss of intellect; death will occur in 10-15 years
Alzheimer’s disease
CVA / TIA involves a rupture or blockage of a vessel in the:
Brain
Which of the following is a viral infection:
- Cruetzfeldt-Jacobs
- Multiple sclerosis
- Encephalitis
- Epilepsy
Encephalitis
Acute inflammation of the colon is ceded:
Colitis
The excessive production of white blood cells:
Leukocytosis
A congenital defect in which part of one or more vertebrae fails to develop:
Spina bifida
Meningitis may be caused by viruses, or by bacteria such as:
Neisseria meningitidis
Carcinoma of the prostate is a kind of:
Adenocarcinoma
An abnormal increase in the size of the cavities of the heart caused by hypertension is an example of:
Dilatation
Lips are covered with which type of tissue:
Epithelium
This is a condition in which excessive growth secretion occurs in the adult after normal bone ossification has set in is called:
Acromegaly
A collection of edematous fluid in the pleural cavity is called:
Hydrothorax
A group of cancers characterized by disorganized proliferation of white blood cells in the bone marrow:
Leukemia
Low glucose levels is referred to as:
Hypoglycemia
This is a hemorrhage in which blood collects between the dura mater and the skull:
Extradural hematoma
Vomiting blood, or hemorrhaging from the stomach is called:
Hematemesis
Encephalitis is an inflammation of the:
Brain
Lack of blood supply:
Ischemia
Excessive production of human growth hormone by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland may cause:
- Giantism
- Gigantism
- Acromegaly
A decrease in the size of a fully developed tissue is called:
Atrophy
Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex leads to a disease called _____; its symptoms include adiposity and fatigue:
Cushing’s disease
An increase in the size of a part due to an increase in the number of cells is:
Hyperplasia
A disease which affects a large number of persons in a community at one time is called:
Epidemic
A disease that is transmitted from parent to infant by way of genetics is called:
Congenital
Pin point hemorrhages are also called:
Petechiae
Mechanical injury that causes a fracture, bruise, nerve damage, etc, is known as:
Trauma
A disease characterized by a high fever is called:
Febrile
A temporary let-up of the signs and symptoms of a disease:
Remission
The branch of pathology dealing with accidents, homicides and suicides:
- Medicolegal
* Forensic
What condition is most often associated with pneumonia?
Sinusitis
