Textbook: Chapter 3, 5 Flashcards
True or False: The Younger Dryas period improved conditions for hunting large animals.
False. It limited resources and encouraged shifts to smaller game and cultivation.
The Fertile Crescent is bordered by which two rivers?
A) Amazon and Nile
B) Tigris and Euphrates
C) Yangtze and Ganges
D) Danube and Rhine
B
Sedentism became common due to:
A) Nomadic tendencies
B) Stable food sources from agriculture
C) Increased hunting practices
D) A colder climate
B
How did early human gathering practices impact the environment in western Scotland around 8,700 BP, and what does this example illustrate about human behavior?
The large-scale harvesting and roasting of approximately 100,000 hazelnuts led to the collapse of hazelnut woodlands, showing that early humans could significantly disrupt ecosystems and were not always “in balance” with nature, as noted by Steven Mithen.
When did intentional planting of seeds and harvesting of crops for food begin, and how did it influence settlement patterns?
Around 9,000 BP in Southwest Asia, intentional cultivation began with crops like wheat and barley in regions from Anatolia to Iran. This shift led to more stable settlement patterns as people grew peas, lentils, chickpeas, broad beans, and flax, which also introduced the first woven linen.
What did archeologists conclude from findings at Catalhoyuk about the relationship between agriculture, domestication, and settlement?
A) Agriculture and settlement developed independently
B) Agriculture and settlement were unrelated to animal domestication
C) Agriculture, domestication, and settlement developed synergistically
D) Domestication was not practiced at Catalhoyuk
C
Why do some findings at Catalhoyuk challenge the theory that all animals were domesticated there?
A) Only cattle were domesticated, while other animals were ignored
B) Many animal bones found were from wild species, such as wild sheep and goats
C) The presence of wild plants suggests limited domestication
D) The size of the cattle bones indicated they were all domesticated
B
What significant conclusion did archaeologists draw from the excavation of Catalhoyuk about early human society?
A) Agriculture and animal domestication were separate and unrelated practices
B) Catalhoyuk was primarily a hunting and gathering society
C) Settlement, agriculture, and animal domestication developed together as synergistic activities
D) Catalhoyuk was abandoned due to lack of agricultural success
C
What did the presence of wild animal bones, such as those of wild sheep and goats, suggest about early domestication practices at Catalhoyuk?
A) Early domestication was gradual, and wild species were still hunted
B) Domestication of animals was fully established with no wild species remaining
C) Only large animals were domesticated, with small animals left wild
D) All animals at Catalhoyuk were domesticated from the beginning
A
