Textbook: Chapter 2, 5

Question 1

The __________ Epoch saw rapid glacial and interglacial cycles, influencing human migration.

Answer 1

Pleistocene

Question 2

The retreat of the __________ Sea allowed animals to migrate across northeast Africa, Arabia, and Turkey.

Answer 2

Tethys

Question 3

Mix and Match

Answer 3

H. erectus - First to use fire

Mitochondrial DNA - Passed from mother only

Pleistocene Epoch - Period of glacial cycles

Broad Spectrum Revolution - Expanded diet diversity

Rift System - Promoted speciation in East Africa

Question 4

What evolutionary adaptation helped hominids survive in the open savannas?

A) Large muzzles for breathing

B) Thick fur for warmth

C) Bipedal locomotion for efficient movement

D) Smaller brain size for energy conservation

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Which hominid species is associated with the earliest evidence of tool use?

A) H. sapiens
B) Neanderthals
C) H. erectus
D) H. habilis

Answer 5

D

Question 6

Which factor most likely caused H. erectus to migrate out of Africa?

A) Rising sea levels
B) Shortage of food and water
C) Extreme cold temperatures
D) Spread of dense tropical forests

Answer 6

B

Question 7

What was the Broad Spectrum Revolution, and why is it considered significant in the context of human evolution?

A) It marked the development of large-scale agriculture, enabling early humans to form settled communities.

B) It was a period when early humans adapted to a changing environment by expanding their diet to include a variety of small game, plants, and seeds, laying the groundwork for agriculture.

C) It refers to the creation of advanced hunting tools that allowed early humans to specialize in hunting large game animals.

D) It was a climatic event that forced early human populations to migrate extensively and abandon traditional foraging strategies.

Answer 7

B

Question 8

Define “Broad Spectrum Revolution.”

Answer 8

A period when early humans expanded their diet to include a variety of small game, plants, and seeds, which helped lay the groundwork for agriculture.

Question 9

Define “Acheulean Tools.”

Answer 9

Stone tools associated with H. erectus, characterized by refined shapes and edges, such as hand axes, showing advancements in tool-making skills.

Question 10

Define “Mitochondrial Eve.”

Answer 10

The most recent common matrilineal ancestor of all modern humans, identified through mitochondrial DNA, supporting the Out of Africa Hypothesis.