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Pharmacology > Test 4 Drugs > Flashcards

Test 4 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is clopidogrel(Plavix)?what receptor does it work against?

A

P2Y12 antagonist

ADP receptor

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2
Q

What is abciximab(Reopro)? What receptor does it work against?

A

GP2b/3a antagonist

Fibrinogen receptor

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3
Q

What is enoxaparin(Lovenox)? Route and time to take it?

A

LMWH

SC BID

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4
Q

What is dalteparin(Fragmin)?

A

LMWH

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5
Q

What is Protamine sulfate? Which type of drugs can it be used on? MOA?

A

Heparin antidote

Used for heparin and LMWH

binds to heparin to go to kidneys and be excreted

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6
Q

What is warfarin(Coumadin)? Route? How many days must you discontinue it before going into surgery?

A

Coumarin/vitamin K antagonist

Oral

Discontinue 3-5 days before surgery

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7
Q

What is rivaroxaban(Xarelto)? Route? Time taken during the day?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitors

Oral

Once daily

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8
Q

What is apixaban(Eliquis)? Route? Time taking during the day?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitors

Oral

BID

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9
Q

What is edoxaban(Savaysa)? Route?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitors

Oral

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10
Q

What is fondaparinux(Arixtra)? Route?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitor

SC

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11
Q

What is dabigatran(Pradaxa)? Route? What time is it taken?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

Oral

BID

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12
Q

What is argatroban(Argatroban)? Route? What is it specifically used for?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

IV

HIT

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13
Q

What is lepirudin(Refludan)? Route?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors

IV

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14
Q

What is praxbind(Idarucizumab)?

A

Antidote for direct thrombin inhibitor

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15
Q

What is streptokinase(Streptase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytic

IV

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16
Q

What is urokinase(Abbokinase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytic

IV

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17
Q

What is alteplase(Activase)? What is it also called? Route?

A

Fibrinolytic

rtPA

IV

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18
Q

What is reteplase(Retavase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytics

IV

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19
Q

What is tenecteplase(TNKase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytics

IV

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20
Q

What is lomitapide(Juxtapid)? Route? MOA?

A

MTP(microsomal triglyceride transfer protein)

Oral

Prevents assembly of chylomicrons and VLDL

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21
Q

What is Mipomersen(Kynamro)? Route and time? MOA?

A

APO B100 inhibitor

SC once/week

Inhibits APO B100 synthesis so liver can’t make VLDLs

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22
Q

What is alirocumab(Praluent)? Route and time? MOA?

A

PCSK9 inhibitors

SC once/2wks

Blocks PCSK9 which breaks down LDL receptors on the liver

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23
Q

What does PCSK9 do?

A

Breaks down LDL receptors on the liver to prevent LDL absorption into the liver

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24
Q

What is evalocumab(Repatha)? Route and time? MOA?

A

PCSK9 inhibitors

SC once/2wks

Blocks PCSK9 which breaks down LDL receptors on liver

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25
Q

What is rosuvastatin(Crestor)? MOA? How does it effect levels?

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Prevents cholesterol production

Decreases LDL, VLDL and TG
Increases HDL

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26
Q

What is atrovastatin(Lipitor)? MOA? How does it effect levels?

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Prevents cholesterol production

Decreases LDL, VLDL and TG
Increases HDL

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27
Q

What is simvastatin(Zocor)? MOA? How does it effect levels?

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Prevents cholesterol production

Decreases LDL, VLDL and TG
Increases HDL

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28
Q

What inhibits the break down of statins? How?

A

Grapefruit

Both compete for the same enzyme to be broken down by in the liver

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29
Q

What is ezetimibe(Zetia)? MOA? What is unique about the drug? How many side effects?

A

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors

Blocks NPC1L1 transporter which blocks the absorption of cholesterol on the brush border of Small intestine

Stays in enterohepatic circulation

Few side effects

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30
Q

What is cholestyramine(Questran)? MOA? Indication?

A

Bile acid sequestrants

Binds to bile acid to excrete bile from the body, thus causing an increase in bile production to use more cholesterol

IBS-D

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31
Q

What is colesevelam(Wechol)? MOA?

A

Bile acid sequestrants

Binds to bile acid to excrete bile from the body, thus causing an increase in bile production to use more cholesterol

32
Q

What is colestipol(Colestid)? MOA?

A

Bile acid sequestrants

Binds to bile acid to excrete bile from the body, thus causing an increase in bile production to use more cholesterol

33
Q

What is niacin(Niaspan, Niacor)? MOA? What levels does it lower and increase?

A

Nicotinic acid

Inhibits cholesterol production in liver

Lowers LDL and TG
increases HDL

34
Q

What is gemfibrozil(Lopid)? MOA? What levels does it increase or decrease?

A

Fibric acid derivatives

Decreases triglyceride production

Lowers LDL
Increases HDL

35
Q

What is fenofibrate(Tricor)? MOA? What levels does it increase or decrease?

A

Fibric acid derivatives

Decreases triglyceride production

Lowers LDL
Increases HDL

36
Q

What is icosapentyl ethyl(Vascepa)? Indication? ADR?

A

Omega 3 fatty acid/purified EPA

Hypertriglyceridemia

Risk of bleeding

37
Q

What do heparin drugs end in?

A

-parin

38
Q

What do direct factor 10a inhibitors that are given orally end in?

A

-xaban

39
Q

What do fibrinolytics end in?

A

-kinase
Or
-teplase

40
Q

What is albuterol(Ventolin)?

A

SABA

41
Q

What is levalbuterol(Xopenex)?

A

SABA

42
Q

What is pirbuterol(Maxair)?

A

SABA

43
Q

What is terbutaline(Brethine)?

A

SABA

44
Q

What is metaproterenol(alupent)?

A

SABA

45
Q

What is arformoterol(Brovana)?

A

LABA

46
Q

What is formoterol(Foradil, Perforomist)?

A

LABA

47
Q

What is salmeterol(Serevent)?

A

LABA

48
Q

What is indacterol(Arcapta Neohaler)?

A

LABA

49
Q

What is vilanterol?

A

LABA

50
Q

What is the trade name of vilanterol w/ fluticasone? What about vilanterol w/ umeclidinium? What drugs are they considered?

A

Breo Ellipta

Anoro Ellipta

Vilanterol= LABA
fluticasone=ICS
umeclidinium= Anticholinergic

51
Q

What is theophylline(Theo-Dur)? Route?

A

Methylxanthines

Oral

52
Q

What is aminophylline? Route? Indication?

A

Methylxanthines

IV

acute asthma attack

53
Q

What is caffeine considered when trying to help w/ asthma? What is it’s MOA?

A

Methylxanthines

Dilates SM

54
Q

What can be caused if theophylline(Theo-Dur) is administered too fast?

A

Dizzy
Facial flushing
HoTN
decreased BP

55
Q

What is ipratropium? MOA? Indication? Why doesn’t it cross membranes?

A

Anticholinergic

Decreases secretions

COPD

Because it’s a Quaternary compound

56
Q

What is tiotropium(Spiriva)? MOA? Indication? Why doesn’t it cross membranes?

A

Anticholinergic

Decreases secretions

COPD

Because it’s a Quaternary compound

57
Q

What is aclidinium(Tudorza)? MOA? Indications? Why doesn’t it cross membranes?

A

Anticholinergic

Decreases secretions

COPD

Because it’s a Quaternary compound

58
Q

What do SABA and LABAs end in? Which medication is the exception?

A

-ol

Terbutaline(Brethine)=SABA

59
Q

What do methylxanthines end in?

A

-phylline

60
Q

What do anticholinergics end in?

A

-tropium or -clidinium

61
Q

What do ICS end in?

A

-one or -ide

62
Q

What is beclomethasone dipropionate(Beclovent)? Route? Indication?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

63
Q

What is budesonide(Pulmicort turbuhaler)? Route? Indication?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

64
Q

What is dexamethasone sodium phosphate (decadron phosphate respihaler)? MOA? Indications?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

65
Q

What is flunisolide(AreoBid)? MOA? Indications?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

66
Q

What is fluticasone(Flovent)? MOA? Indications?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

67
Q

What is triamcinolone acetonide(Azmacort)? MOA? Indications?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

68
Q

What is ciclesonide(Omnaris)? MOA? indications?

A

ICS

MDI

COPD

69
Q

What is zileuton(Zyflo)? Route? Prophylactic or Tx of asthmatic attack?

A

5-lipoxygenase inhibitor

Prophylactically

70
Q

What do LTRAs end in?

A

-lukast

71
Q

What is zafirlukast(Accolate)? Route?

A

LTRA

oral

72
Q

What is montelukast(singulair)? Route?

A

LTRA

oral

73
Q

What is roflumilast(Daliresp)? Indications? Route?

A

PDE4 inhibitor

COPD

Oral

74
Q

What is omalizumab(Xolair)? Route? How often? MOA?

A

Monoclonal antibodies

SC every 2-3 wks

Binds to IgE to prevent mast cells from releasing histamine

75
Q

What is mepolizumab(Nucala)? Route? How often? MOA?

A

Monoclonal antibodies

SC every 2-3 wks

Binds to IgE to prevent mast cells from releasing histamine

76
Q

What do LTRA drugs end in?

A

-lukast

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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