Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Respiratory Drugs > Flashcards

Respiratory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is COPD most commonly d/t?

A

Cigarette smoke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are two different types of COPD?

A

Bronchitis

Emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is chronic bronchitis caused?

A

Mucociliary escalator system becomes paralyzed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is emphysema caused? D/t what?

A

Alveoli become hyper-inflated

D/t macrophage releasing protease that destroys elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are three things that cause SOB in asthma?

A

Bronchoconstriction
Edema
Mucus production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are environmental factor that cause asthma?

A

Exercise
Cold air
Allergens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What inflammatory chemicals cause asthma?

A

Histamine
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
ECF-A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does ICS inhibit?

A

PLA2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does LTRA stand for?

A

Luekotriene receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 classes of bronchodilators?

A

Beta-2 agonist
Anticholinergics
Methylxanthines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are two types of beta-2 agonist?

A

LABA

SABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the MOA of beta agonists?

A

Activate adenylate cyclase to increase cAMP which causes SM dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does phosphodiesterase (PDE) do to cAMP?

A

Breaks down cAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOA of methylxanthines?

A

Inhibits PDE and adenosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does adenosine do?

A

Increases release of histamine which increases bronchoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the MOA of muscarinic antagonists?

A

Decrease the release ACh which causes bronchoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does adenylate cyclase do to lungs?

A

AC increases the production of cAMP which causes SM dilation

18
Q

What are the 3 Long Acting Beta Agonist?

A

Arformoterol(Brovana)
Formoterol(Foradil,Perforomist)
Salmeterol(Serevent)

19
Q

Why does DPI stand for?

A

Dry powder inhaler

20
Q

What is the name of the 2 drugs that are methylxanthines?

A

Theophylline(Theo-Dur)

Aminophylline

21
Q

What is the Theophylline therapeutic range?

A

10-20mcg/mL

22
Q

What are the 3 anticholinergic drugs?

A

ipratropium(Atrovent)
tiotropium(Spiriva)
aclidinium(Tudorza)

23
Q

What condition are anticholinergics useful for? Why?

A

COPD

Because it reduces secretions in bronchioles

24
Q

What prevents anticholinergic bronchodilators from going systemic?

A

They are quaternary compounds that prevent it from crossing the membrane

25
Q

What are 2 vital signs that bronchodilators can greatly effect?

A

Increase HR and BP

26
Q

What helps loosen secretions when taking a bronchodilator?

A

Hydration

27
Q

Why can having anxiety with asthma be dangerous?

A

Can increase the risk for an asthmatic attack

28
Q

What is the goal w/ lungs when taking a bronchodilator?

A

Pt free of wheezing and clear lungs in 2-5 days

29
Q

When does toxicity for theophylline levels start?

A

> 20mcg/mL

30
Q

What must be done to prevent thrush development when taking a ICS?

A

Rinse out mouth after using ICS

31
Q

What two types of drugs are leukotriene inhibitors?

A

LTRA

lipoxygenase inhibitor

32
Q

What levels must be monitored when taking a leuoktriene inhibitor?

A

AST and ALT levels

33
Q

What is PDE4 inhibitors indicated for?

A

COPD

34
Q

What is the MOA of omalizumab(Xolair) and mepolizumab(Nucala)?

A

Targets IgE and binds to it to prevent IgE from attaching to mast cells to release histamine

35
Q

What is considered mild/intermittent asthma? What is the drugs to be used for this?

A

<2 episodes/wk

SABA PRN

36
Q

What is considered mild/persistent asthma? What is the drugs to be used for this?

A

> 2 episodes/wk but <1/day

ICS
SABA PRN

37
Q

What is considered moderate/persistent asthma? What is the drugs to be used for this?

A

Daily episodes

ICS
LABA

38
Q

What is fluticisone w/ salmeterol called?

A

Advair

39
Q

What is budesonide w/ formoterol called?

A

Symbicort

40
Q

What is fluticasone w/ vilanterol?

A

Breo Ellipta

41
Q

What is considered severe/persistent asthma? What is the drugs to be used for this? What medication should be considered if a pt has allergies?

A

Multiple daily episodes

High dose corticosteroid
LABA

Consider omalizumab(Xolair)

Pharmacology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions