Bowel Disorder Drugs Flashcards
What are the two different types of diarrhea? What 2 things does it cause you to lose?
Acute
Chronic
Water
Electrolytes
What can cause diarrhea(6)?
Microbes Osmotics Drugs Tumors Hyperthyroid IBS-D
How do microbes cause diarrhea?
They increase inflammation which increases gut motility
What is an example of an osmotic that causes diarrhea? What pulls water into lumen?
Lactose intolerance
Disaccharide pulls water w/ it
What drugs cause diarrhea?
Cholinergics
What type of lifestyle actions can cause diarrhea?
Drinking contaminated water (poor dietary habits)
Emotional stress
What are the 3 drug classes that Tx simple diarrhea?
Adsorbents/bulk forming agents
Anticholinergics
Opioid derivatives
What is the MOA of adsorbents?
Adsorbent forms complex w/ water and irritating bacteria to get pooped out
What are adsorbents indicated for?
Diarrhea
What is bismuth subsalicylate(Pepto-Bismol)? Is it used to directly Tx or prophylactically? What 2 things does it do to bacteria?
Adsorbent
Prophylactically for travelers
- prevents bacteria attachment
- lysis of bacteria
What are the 3 drug classes that are considered antimotility drugs?
Anticholinergics
5HT3 antagonists
Opioids
What neurotransmitters increase gut motility?
ACh
5HT
What is paregoric(opium tincture)? Indication?
Opiate
Diarrhea
What is 3 others words for tincture?
Alcohol
Elixir
Spirit
What is the MOA of opioids for Tx diarrhea?
Activated Mu receptors in large intestine which decreases peristalsis
Activates delta receptors in the large intestine which decreases secretions
What is loperamide(Immodium A-D)? Indication? OTC or Rx?
Opioid derivative
Diarrhea
OTC
What is diphenoxylate/atropine(Lonox,Lomotil)? What types of drugs are each of them? Indication? OTC or Rx?
Opioid derivative
Atropine-Anticholinergic
Diphenoxylate-opioid
Travelers diarrhea
Rx
What is a high dose of 5HT-3 antagonist used for? Low dose?
Tx diarrhea
Tx N/V
What is alosetron(Lotronex)? Route? Indication, specifically what gender? ADR?
5HT-3 antagonist
Oral
IBS-D especially in women
Ischemic colitis
Constipation
Why does 5HT-3 cause ischemic colitis?
Because it decreases the blood supply to the GI
What is a cathartic?
Strong laxative
What are laxatives/cathartics indicated for?
Constipation
Parasite infection
Cleanse before surgery or exam
Prevent straining