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Pharmacology > Antifungal Drugs > Flashcards

Antifungal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

How many cells is yeast considered?

A

Unicellular

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2
Q

How many cells is mold considered?

A

Multicellular

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3
Q

Where is fungi found(3)?

A

Soil
Air
Contaminated food

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4
Q

What is mycosis?

A

An infection or disease caused by a fungus

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5
Q

What are the 3 different types of mycosis infections?

A

Systemic
Dermatophytic
Candida albicans

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6
Q

What types of fungus cause systemic infection(5)?

A 
Candida
Aspergillis 
Coccidiomycosis
Histoplasmosis
Blastomyces
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7
Q

What fungus causes a dermatophytic infection?

A

Tinea

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8
Q

What parts of the body does systemic fungal infections effect? Where are they commonly found?

A

Blood
Bones
Lungs

Hospitals

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9
Q

What type of pts are susceptible to systemic fungal infection?

A

Neutropenia pts
AIDS pts
Pts in ICU

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10
Q

Why are neutropenia pts at risk of fungal infections?

A

You need neutrophils to fight off fungus

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11
Q

What parts of the body do dermatophytic infections effect? What system?

A

Hair
Nails
Skin

Integumentary system

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12
Q

What is the most common type of fungal infection? Most annoying?

A

Dermatophytic

Dermatophytic

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13
Q

What are the Sx of a dermatophytic infection(5)?

A 
Itching
Scaling
Inflammation
Blisters
Broken skin
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14
Q

What species of fungus causes dermatophytic infections?

A

Tinea species

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15
Q

What does tinea capitis effect/cause?

A

Scalp

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16
Q

What does tinea pedis cause/effect?

A

Athletes foot

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17
Q

What does tinea cruris effect/cause?

A

Jock itch

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18
Q

What does tinea unguium cause/effect?

A

Toe nail fungus

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19
Q

What does tinea corporis causes/effect?

A

Ring worm

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20
Q

What is onychomycosis?

A

Nail fungus

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21
Q

What is the ADR of terbinafine(Lamisil)?

A

Increased ALT and AST

22
Q

What type of infections can candida albicans infection cause?

A

Yeast infection

Thrush

23
Q

What is thrush?

A

Candida infection of mouth or pharynx

24
Q

What locations can Candida albicans cause an infection(3)?

A

Mouth
GI
Urinary tract

25
Q

What are the major classes of antifungal drugs?

A 
Apples
Echinocandins
Griseofulvin
Polyenes 
Terbinafine
26
Q

What are the 2 classes of Polyene drugs?

A

Amphotercin B

Nystatin

27
Q

What type of drugs is the 1st line of therapy for systemic fungal infections? What is it used in combo w/

A

Polyene-amphotercin B

Used in combo w azole

28
Q

What are the ADR of amphotercin B(3)? Route?

A

Infusion Rx
Nephrotoxic
Lose K+ and Mg+

IV

29
Q

What are the Sx of infusion Rx to pushing amphotercin B too fast?

A

Fever
Chills
N/V

30
Q

What is nystatin(mycostatin)? Route? Indication?

A

Polyenes

Topical

Intestinal candidiasis
Oropharyngeal thrush
Vaginal candidiasis
Intertriginous candidiasis

31
Q

What is intertriginous candidiasis?

A

Fungus forming under fat

32
Q

What is the MOA of polyenes? What part of fungus does it effect?

A

Double Carbon bond of drug orients itself in plasma membrane and forms a pore in fungal membrane…thus causing lysis

Cell membrane

33
Q

What do echinocandins end in?

A

-fungin

34
Q

What is anidulafungin(Eraxis)? Indications? Contraindication? Route?

A

Echinocandins

Candida
Aspergillis

Pregnant

IV

35
Q

What is caspofungin(cancidas)? Indication? Contraindication? Route?

A

Echinocandins

Candida
Aspergillis

Pregnant

IV

36
Q

What is micafungin(Mycamine)? Indication? Contraindication? Route?

A

Echinocandins

Candida
Aspergillis

Pregnant

IV

37
Q

What is aspergillis mostly associated w/?

A

TB

COPD

38
Q

What is the MOA of echinocandins?

A

Drugs inhibits beta 1,3 glucan synthase to prevent production of cell wall

39
Q

What is griseofulvin(Gris-Peg) indicated for? MOA? Contraindication? What increases absorption?

A

Dermatophytic/tinea infections

Binds to keratin to prevent the cells from making tubulin which is needed for mitosis

Pregnant

Increase fat consumption

40
Q

What do azole drugs end in?

A

-azole

41
Q

What is the MOA of azoles? spectrum of activity for azoles? Indications?

A

Inhibits 14alpha-demethylase to prevent fungus from making ergosterol

Wide spectrum

Systemic infections
Candidiasis infections

42
Q

What is clotrimazole(Gyne-Lotrimin,Mycelex)?

A

Azole

43
Q

What is ketoconazole(Nizoral)?

A

Azole

44
Q

What is fluconazole(Diflucan)?

A

Azole

45
Q

What is itraconazole(Sporanox)?

A

Azole

46
Q

What is posaconazole(Noxafil)?

A

Azole

47
Q

What is isavuconazole(Cresemba)?

A

Azole

48
Q

What is needed to make a cell membrane?

A

Egosterol

49
Q

What is the MOA of Terbinafine(Lamisil)?

A

Squalene epoxidase inhibitor

50
Q

What is the DOC for onychomycoses? Route?

A

Terbinafine(Lamisil)

PO

51
Q

What drugs effect ergosterol production and cell membrane? Cell wall? Keratin?

A

Polyenes
Terbinafine
Azoles

Echinocandins

Griseofulvin

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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