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Pharmacology > Antilipemic Drugs > Flashcards

Antilipemic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What lipoprotein does APO B100 attach to?

A

VLDL

LDL

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2
Q

What lipoprotein does APO B48 attach to? Is it considered exogenous or endogenous?

A

Chylomicrons

Exogenous because it comes from our diet

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3
Q

What damages and increases the rate of atherosclerosis?

A 
Smoking
HTN
increase LDL
Uncontrolled DM
Hypothyroidism
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4
Q

What can atherosclerosis in coronary arteries lead to?

A

MI

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5
Q

What can atherosclerosis in carotid artery lead to?

A

Thrombotic stroke

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6
Q

What can atherosclerosis in peripheral arteries lead to?

A

Intermittent claudication

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7
Q

What is intermittent claudication?

A

Exercising till pain occurs in calf muscle

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8
Q

What is 4 things is cholesterol needed for?

A

Sex hormones
Cell membranes
Myelin sheaths
Bike

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9
Q

What percent of cholesterol comes from our diet and what percent come from our liver?

A

Diet= 1/3

Endogenous= 2/3

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10
Q

What can be a r/f of elevated lipid levels?

A

Family Hx

American diet

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11
Q

How calories effect triglyceride levels?

A

Increases calories=increase triglycerides

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12
Q

What ages for men and women increase the risk for atherosclerosis? Why is this?

A

Men>45
Women>55

Women have increased HDL levels more than men

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13
Q

What is the first line to decrease lipid levels?

A

Diet control

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14
Q

What decreases HDL levels?

A

Smoking
Obesity
Liver damage
Starvation

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15
Q

What increases HDL levels?

A

Aerobic exercise
Omega 3 foods
Being female

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16
Q

Why is the formula to figure out LDL levels?

A

LDL= TC-HDL-(TG/5)

17
Q

What is the recommended level for LDL and TC levels?

A

LDL=<100mg/dL

TC=<200mg/dL

18
Q

What is another name for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?

A

Statins

19
Q

What are the 7 hypolipidemic drug categories?

A 
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Cholesterol adsorption inhibitors
Simvastatin/ezetimibe(Vytorin)
Fibrin acid derivatives
Nicotinic acid
Mipomerse
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor (MTP)
20
Q

What do statins do to LDL, VLDL, TG and HDL levels?

A

Decrease LDL, VLDL, TG

Increase HDL

21
Q

What increases the effectiveness and half life of statins?

A

Grapefruit

22
Q

What are the ADR of statins?

A

Myalgias

Rhabdomyolysis

23
Q

What is myalgias?

A

Leg ache and muscle weakness

24
Q

What is rhabdomyolysis?

A

Breakdown on muscles that release CPK and myoglobin into blood which damages the kidneys

25
Q

What are conditions that can cause rhabdomyolysis?

A

Statins
MI
Duchenne muscular dystrophy

26
Q

What levels rise when the liver is being damaged?

A

AST

ALT

27
Q

What is the goal for TC levels for a pt on statins in the first 6-8wks?

A

Have TC levels be < 200mg/dL

28
Q

What levels should be checked every 6mo when on statins? What levels should be checked every 6-8 weeks for the first 6mo?

A

AST and ALT

TC, triglycerides, LDL, HDL

29
Q

What is the ADR of cholestyramine(Questran)?

A

Constipation

30
Q

Pt taking cholestyramine(Questran) may need to take what supplements?

A

Fat soluble vitamins A, D, and K

31
Q

How must cholestyramine(Questran) be taken?

A

Comes in powder form and must be taken w/ a liquid

32
Q

What effect does Metamucil have on LDLs? What products contain metamucil?

A

Decreases LDLs

Oatmeal
Psyllium

33
Q

What are ADR of nicotinic acid?

A

Flushing
Increase uric acid levels
Damage liver

34
Q

Why does nicotinic acid cause facial flushing?

A

Nicotinic acid causes prostaglandins to be released which causes vasodilation

35
Q

What can minimize facial flushing when taking nicotinic acid?

A

Aspirin

NSAIDs

36
Q

What should niacin(niaspan,Niacor) be taken with?

A

A meal

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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