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Fall 22: micro > Test 2: DNA viruses > Flashcards

Test 2: DNA viruses Flashcards

1
Q

class I viruses are

A

ds DNA virus

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2
Q

class II viruses are

A

ss(single stranded) DNA viruses

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3
Q
A

circoviridae
parvoviridae

class II ss DNA virus

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4
Q
A

papovaviridae

class I ds DNA

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5
Q
A

adenoviridae

class I ds DNA
has its own DNA polymerase

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6
Q
A

herpesviridae

class I ds DNA

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7
Q
A

poxviridae

class I ds DNA

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8
Q
A

asfarviridae

class I ds DNA

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9
Q

— serotype is the pathogenic circovidisae

A

PCV2

found in pigs

PCV1 is not pathogenic

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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10
Q

what do circoviridae look like

A

smallest 20-24 nm
non enveloped
icosahedral
ss circular DNA

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11
Q

how do circoviridae replicate

A

Replicates DNA in the nucleus of the infected cell and assembles capsid in the nucleus

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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12
Q

what genes make up circoviridae

A

two genes, 3 gene products
Rep and Rep’ (Rep’ is spliced form of Rep) needed for genome replication

Cap protein forms the capsid (single structural protein)

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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13
Q

— needed for
genome replication for circoviridae

A

Rep and Rep’

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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14
Q

— protein forms the capsid of cicoviridae

A

Cap protein

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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15
Q

— relies heavily on host (since only 3 gene products) Needs host cells to be rapidly dividing (S phase)

A

Circoviridae

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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16
Q

porcine circovirus cause

A

Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS)

Porcine Circovirus Associated Diseases (PCVAD)

caused by PCV2 serotype

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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17
Q

symptoms of Circovirus in pigs

A

wasting, resp. distress, enlargement of lymph nodes, diarrhea, paleness of skin, generalized lymphocyte depletion. rash

Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS)

Porcine Circovirus Associated Diseases (PCVAD)

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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18
Q

how to transmit PMWS

A

direct contact, with coinfection

Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome
porcine circovirus- PCV2

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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19
Q

regularly found in a population or area

A

endemic

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20
Q

widespread occurrence in a population or area at a particular time

A

epidemic

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21
Q

widespread replication affecting numerous individuals in numerous countries.

A

pandemic

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22
Q
A

Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) caused by porcine circovirus (PCV2)

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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23
Q

treatment for PCV2

A

vaccines

porcine circovirus

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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24
Q

human circoviruses

A

TT-Virus and TT-like Mini Virus (TLMV): >70% population, asymptomatic.

circoviridae- smallest, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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25
Q

3 groups of parvoviridae

A

Erythroviruses
Dependoviruses (adeno-associated virus or AAV)
Autonomous Parvoviruses (no helper needed)

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA

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26
Q

— causes slapped cheek syndrome

A

erythrovirus
type of parvoviridae
human parvovirus B19

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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27
Q

dependoviruses are a subgroup of —

A

parvoviridae
adeno-associated virus (AAV)

need helper virus to survive

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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28
Q

— is a receptor for feline and canine parvoviruses

A

Transferrin receptor (TfR)

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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29
Q

what are the three capsid proteins for autonomous parvovirus

A

VP1
VP2- attachment protein
VP

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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30
Q

are parvo viruses easy to get rid of?

A

no envelope= resistant to detergent
very stable in environment for 6-12 months
Inactivated by formalin, sodium hypochlorite (bleach)

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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31
Q

platonic solid with 20 faces made of equilateral triangles. Icosahedra have 2-fold, 3-fold and 5-fold axes

A

icosahedron

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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32
Q

where does replication of parvovirus occur

A

inside the nucleus of host cell

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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33
Q

parvovirus use — to replicate

A

host DNA polymerase

negative sense DNA→use host DNA polymerase to make + sense dsDNA template. Use host RNA polymerase to make mRNA → proteins

proteins move back into nucleus to form viron

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34
Q

basic steps of parvovirus replication

A
  • use host DNA polymerase to form + sense DNA
  • use host RNA polymerase for mRNA
  • proteins are formed in the cytoplasm and then move back into the nucleus
  • proteins assemble into capsid with viral DNA inside
  • virus released by cell lysis

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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35
Q

Feline Parvovirus is also called

A

feline panleukopenia virus and feline distemper virus

Distinct from canine distemper (an RNA virus similar to measles)

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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36
Q

prognosis for FPV

A

Prognosis is very poor (overall 33-50% survival rate), especially for very young kittens

Feline parvovirus

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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37
Q

Feline parovirus symptoms

A

loss of appetite, fever, lethargy, vomiting,diarrhea leukopenia

respiratory and GI

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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38
Q

where does FPV replicate in the host

A

pharyngeal lymphoid tissue then spreads to blood (leukopenia- will white blood cells) and other tissues
will spread to epithelial cells lining small intestine →diarrhea

Feline Parvovirus

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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39
Q

how to spread FPV

A

spread by direct contact with infected cats, infected bedding, food dishes.

can be shed 6 months after infection

no envelope = very stable in environment

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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40
Q

what does vaccine break mean

A

presence of maternal antibody can prevent
vaccine “take”

Feline parvovirus vaccine is time sensitive

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41
Q

—- was the previous parvovirus of canines – caused only mild disease in older animals - also called MVC (minute virus of canines)

A

CPV-1

canine parvovirus

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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42
Q

where did CPV-2 come from

A

mutation in FPV (feline parvo virus)

CPV-2 did not infect cats
mutated again to 2a, 2b and 2c→2a and 2b can infect cats

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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43
Q

Two mutations in — allowed FPV to use canine version of the Transferrin receptor (TfR) and infect canine cells. Became known as —

A

VP2 (capsid protein)
CPV2 (canine parvovirus)

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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44
Q

CPV 2 caues —- in 4-8 weeks old dogs

A

Myocarditis in pups of 4-8 weeks of age
Sudden death without preceding clinical signs.
Extensive damage to myocardium.

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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45
Q

CPV 2 caues —- in 8-12 weeks old dogs

A

leukopenia/enteritis
Vomiting can be severe ; bloody diarrhea

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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46
Q

vaccination schedule for CPV

A

vaccinate at 2-3 week intervals, starting at 6-8 weeks to 16-20 weeks.

need to avoid maternal antibodies

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47
Q

PPV cause

A

SMEDI - Still birth, Mummification, Embryonic Death and Infertility

porcine parvovirus

Parvoviridae-small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ss circular DNA (classII)

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48
Q

papovaviridae are —

A

small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA (class I)

includes papilloma, polyoma, simian vaculating virus (SV40)

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49
Q

papovaviridae replicate genome in the — and capsids assemble in —

A

nucleus
nucleus

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA (class I)

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50
Q

how many genes does papillomavirus make

A

9
2 capsid(late): 1 major (L1) and 1 minor (L2)
7 early proteins: E6 and E7 used for cell trasformation

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA (class I)

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51
Q

the early genes in papillomavirus are for

A

DNA replication
E6 and E7 involved in cell transformation

early = before DNA replication

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

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52
Q

late papillomavirus proteins are used for

A

make structual components
L1( major) and L2( minor)→make capsid

late - made after DNA replication

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53
Q

early or late proteins are used for DNA replication

A

early

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54
Q

early or late proteins are used for strucural components

A

late

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55
Q

—- expressed alone can assemble into virus like particles (VLP’s)

A

L1

late protein made by the papillomavirus

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

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56
Q

Papillomavirus capsids assemble together even in the absence of genome. Formation of —-

A

Virus-like particles (VLP)

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

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57
Q

how do papillomavirus vaccines work?

A

papillomavirus L1 protein can form capsid without viral DNA

empty virus capsid will cause body to form antibody and protect host from HPV (human papilloma virus)

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

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58
Q

HPV vaccine recommended for children age —

A

11-12

vaccine made from empty capsid

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

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59
Q

HPV cause

A

cervical cancer
oral cancer

human papilloma virus vaccine uses L1 protein

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

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60
Q

what cells do papillomavirus attack

A

basal layer epidermal cell

will multiply as skin cells differentiates and keratinozed

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

61
Q

papillomavirus DNA is maintained as a — in the host nucleus

A

episome

live in epidermal skill cells

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

62
Q

how does papillomavirus cause cancer

A

circular viral DNA gets accidently added to the host linear DNA

E6 and E7 on the viral DNA inhibit tumor suppression →over growth of cells

no longer make virus, makes cancer instead

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

63
Q

Overexpression of E6 and E7 lead to ___

A

cell proliferation, cancer

papilloma virus genome gets added to host DNA and cause cancer

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

64
Q

papilloma virus in animals cause

A

warts

unlikely to cause cancer, like in humans

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

65
Q

Bovine papilloma type 1,3,5 cause

A

fibropapillomas on head,
neck, teats

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

66
Q

type 4 bovine papilloma virus cause

A

Papillomas of digestive tract often seen only postmortem. Sometimes lead to carcinomas

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

67
Q

Equine papillomavirus is spread by

A

contact with other horses (young)

warts- that resolve on their own

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

68
Q

Equine sarcoid is spread by

A

caused by Bovine papillomavirus type 1 and 2
contact- can spread cow to horse, and horse to horse
~ 70% occur in horses < 4 yrs old
do not regress

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

69
Q

Equine sarcoid is caused by

A

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 and 2

<4 year old horses, spread cow to horse, horse to horse, do not regress

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

70
Q

how to treat equine sarcoid

A

surgery and immunotherapy

caused by Bovine papillomavirus type 1 and 2, do not regress

<4 year old horses, spread cow to horse, then horse to horse

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

71
Q

Feline PV causes —

A

Multiple, crusted, plaques

will regress

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

72
Q

Canine PV cause

A

warts on oral mucosa, eyelids, mouth and muzzle of dogs
spread by direct and indirect contact
will regress

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

73
Q

polyomaviruses capsids are made by

A

VP1, VP2, VP3

VP1- attaches to host cell receptor

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

74
Q

SV40

A

simian vaculoating virus
large T antigen cause tumor by supressing p53 and RB

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

75
Q

mouse polyomavirus cause —

A

subclinical infection in mice

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

76
Q

Avian polyoma virus also called

A

Budgerigar Fledgling disease

77
Q

Avian polyoma virus cause

A

copious shedding in young birds
can lead to systemic infection

Budgerigar Fledgling disease

papovaviridae- papilloma and polyoma - small, non enveloped, icosahedral, ds circular DNA virus (class I)

78
Q

adenoviruses have —- project from vertices of icosahedral capsid

A

Fibers
(spikes)
attachment to cell surface receptors

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

79
Q

adenovirus cause — in humans

A

cold like symptoms
pink eye
severe respiratory disease in young or immune compromised people

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

80
Q

Adenovirus can cause — in people with reduced immune functions and/or pre-existing respiratory or cardiac conditions.

A

severe respiratory disease

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase (CAV-1(blue eye), CAV-2)

81
Q

— are used for gene therapy

A

adenovirus

will package up modified DNA and carry it

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

82
Q

how does johnson and johnson vaccine work

A

adenovirus that was changed

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

83
Q

adenoviruses uses host RNA
polymerase, but—- DNA polymerase

A

makes its own

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

84
Q

Adenovirus makes two early genes — that stimulate cell into S phase to help with DNA replication

A

E1A and E1B

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

85
Q

E1A and E1B are oncogenes for — virus

A

adenovirus
will inactivate p53 and Rb leading to uncontrolled cell growth

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

86
Q

polyomarvirus makes —
adenovirus makes —
papillomarvirus make —
that inhibits RB

A

large T
E1A
E7

non enveloped, icosahedral, ds DNA virus (class I)

87
Q

polyomarvirus makes —
adenovirus makes —
papillomarvirus make —
that inhibits p53

A

Large T
E1B
E6

p53 stops and tries to fix cell

all these are non enveloped, icosahedral, ds DNA virus (class I)

88
Q

— cause infectious canine hepatitis, severe
generalized disease

A

Canine adenovirus type 1
hepatitis blue eyes

young dogs susceptible

spread oral fecal

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

89
Q

hepatitis blue eyes is caused by

A

canine adenovirus type 1

oral fecal route
puppies
target liver

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

90
Q

animals that recover from CAV-1 with have—

A

lifelong immunity

canine adenovirus - infectious hepatitis, blue eyes, generalized disease

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

91
Q

canine adenovirus type 1 targets the liver and virus persists in kidney, so —-spreads virus

A

urine, feces and saliva

young dogs

blue eye hepatitis

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

92
Q

—– cause liver swelling, cell damage, hemorrhages and often death due to shock

A

canine adenovirus type 1

blue eye hepatitis
yound dogs
spread fecal, urine, saliva

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

93
Q

egg drop is caused by

A

adenovirus

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

94
Q

CAV-2 is spread by —

A

aerosal transmission

Canine adenovirus- cause respiratory disease- kennel cough

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

95
Q

egg drop syndrome is caused by

A

adenovirus

inflammatory lesions in oviduct

adenovirus - small (70-90nm), non enveloped, icosahedral, spikes, ds linear DNA virus 36Kb (class I), has its own DNA polymerase

96
Q

herpesviruses are — shaped

A

enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

97
Q

—- are a hallmark of Herpesviridae

A

Latent infections

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

98
Q

alphaherpesvirus such as — will grow —

A

HSV-1 - cold sore- trigeminal ganglia in the head
**HSV-2 **sexually transmitted
VZV- chicken pox- ganglia throughout the body

in neural tissue

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

99
Q

cytomegaloviruses are —

A

betaherpes
grow slowly
latency in salivary glands, kidney and lymphocytes

CMV

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

100
Q

— type of herpes has latency in sensory neurons

A

alpha
HSV-1 cold sore, VZV- chicken pox

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

101
Q

—- type of herpes has latency in salivary glands, kidneys and lymphocytes

A

beta
CMV (cytomegalovirus)
grows slowly

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

102
Q

what type of herpes has lactency in the lymphoid cells

A

gamma
EBV- mono

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

103
Q

egress system of herpes virus

A

exocytosis- complex process that does not kill host cell

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

104
Q

herpes replication cycle

A

envelope fuses with plasma membrane

staggered gene expression: early DNA replication, late structural proteins

assembly of capsid in the nucleus of host cell

exocytosis without killing the host cell

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

105
Q

— is a lifelong phase of the herpes infection

A

Latency

stress with reactivate virus

Upon entering the neuron of sensory ganglia (non dividing cell), the virus does not initiate replication (lytic cycle) replicate but goes latent with no or very few genes being expressed and not virus produced

106
Q

EEHV effect

A

elephants

killer virus

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

107
Q

Equine herpesvirus 1 cause

A

respiratory disease
abortions
neurologic symptoms →Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy (EHM)
(abnormal gait, hind limb paralysis)

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

108
Q

vaccines for herpes will

A

reduce severity of disease but not prevent infection

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

109
Q

Equine herpes Myeloencephalopathy is caused by

A

Equine herpes virus 1
cause abnormal gait, hind limb paralysis
EHV1 also causes URI and abortion

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

110
Q

bovine herpes virus 1 is also called —-

A

infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

cause respiratory disease, conjunctivitis, abortions

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

111
Q

BHV1 is spread by

A

droplet, genitals

cause respiratory disease, conjunctivities, abortion in cows

also called infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis

112
Q

— Virus latent in trigeminal or sciatic ganglia.

A

bovine herpes virus 1
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV)

cause respiratory disease, conjunctivitis, abortions

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

113
Q

Aujeszky’s disease is caused by —

A

pseudorabies virus
(type of herpes virus)
spread from pigs to cats, dogs and cows
severe in young animals (100% death)
moderate in animals 6-8 months

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

114
Q

— type of herpes is severe in young animals, 100% death. Less severe in animals >6-8 months

A

pseudorabies virus
Aujeszky’s disease

herpes that infect pigs and can be transmitted to cows, dogs and cats

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

115
Q

symptoms of pseudorabies virus

A

Acute resp. disease, encephalitis
* Neurologic signs resemble rabies
* Pregnant animals may abort

spread by saliva and nasal secretions

primary host pig →dog, cat, cow

Aujeszky’s disease - herpes virus

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

116
Q

Canine herpesvirus 1 is spread by

A

direct contact -virus shed from infected older animals that harbor
latent virus; or in neonates during birth

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

117
Q

— is the leading cause of death in puppies

A

canine herpes virus 1

Death most common in neonates or in first 2-3 weeks after birth; Acute disease. Begins in pharynx and tonsils, viremia, spread to all organs including CNS, kidneys, etc. Incubation: about 1 week to symptoms.

118
Q

Feline herpesvirus cause

A

respiratory infection
eye infection→ can cause blindness

latency in trigeminal ganglion

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

119
Q

Feline herpes virus has latency —

A

in the trigeminal ganglion
leads to eye issues - blindness

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

120
Q

feline herpes virus is passed by —

A

direct contact
80% of cats are carriers

cause URI and eye issues

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

121
Q

ILTV cause

A

respiratory infection in chickens of all ages

Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis (Gallid herpes virus 1)

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

122
Q

Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV)

A

alphaherpesvirus even though it causes tumors
Lymphoproliferative disease of chickens
older birds get neuro symptoms and generalized symptoms such as diarrhea

spread by free virus in dander

herpes- complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), linear in virion, circular in host, icosahedral capsid

123
Q

Lymphoproliferative disease of chickens is caused by

A

Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) it is an alphaherpesvirus even though it causes tumors

neuro and generalized symptoms
vaccinate eggs

124
Q

what disease do we vaccinate eggs for

A

Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) it is an alphaherpesvirus even though it causes tumors (Lymphoproliferative disease of chickens)

125
Q

— effect gills of koi fish

A

Koi herpesvirus
alpha herpes

Gill necrosis, superficial hemorrhage, enlargement of kidney and liver

126
Q

poxviruses are —-

A

large complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environment

127
Q

— virus are stable in the environment even though they are enveloped

A

poxviruses

poxvirus- large complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environment

128
Q

two human host poxviruses

A

smallpox
molluscum contagiosum

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement

129
Q

where does poxvirus replicate

A

in the cytoplasm

different from other DNA viruses
have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

130
Q

—- have their own DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase and can replicate in the host cytoplasm

A

poxvirus

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

131
Q

Poxvirus have —- gene products also include proteins for immune evasion: Lots of immune evasion genes

A

Early

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

132
Q

two forms of poxvirus

A

Single enveloped form
– transmission to new host
Double enveloped form
– dissemination in the host.

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

133
Q

— is used to vaccinate against small pox and monkey pox

A

vaccinia virus

unknown origin - cow pox?

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

134
Q

— is poxvirus that effect sheep and goats

A

Orf virus

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

135
Q

—- is the pox virus that effects rabbits

A

Myxomavirus (myxomatosis)

do not infect humans

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

136
Q

the reservoir of monkeypox are

A

wild rodents

spread by contact

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

137
Q

—- is the reservoir for cowpox

A

wild rodent

can infect cats and humans

138
Q

orf virus causes — symptoms

A

Lesions on lips, muzzle, feet, genitalia and teats

can be spread to humans

poxvirus found in young goats and sheep

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

139
Q

two types of fowlpox

A

drypox- mechanically transmitted- papules on face and comb- heal in 3 weeks

**wetpox- **aerosol transmission- generalized infection, lesions on lesion, can cause asphxiation, life long immunity

poxvirus- large, complex, enveloped, ds DNA virus (class I), brick shaped, stable in environement, have their own DNA and RNA polymerase

140
Q

Drypox is spread by — and cause —

A

mechanically transmitted- papules on face and comb
heal in 3 weeks

type of fowl pox

141
Q

wetpox is caused by —

A

fowl pox
aerosol transmission
lesion in throat

142
Q

—- virus natural reservoir host (cottontail rabbits), it causes
benign skin tumors

A

myxoma virus

type of rabbit pox

143
Q

myoxoma virus cause — symptoms

A

generalized disease
lethal in european rabbits
spread by mosquitoes and fleas

rabbit pox

144
Q

ASFV

A

african swine fever virus

ASFARVIRIDAE

asfarviridae- large, enveloped (lipid envelope, icosahedral capsid, 2nd lipid membrane), ds DNA virus (class I),very stable in environement, replicate in cytoplasm like pox virus

145
Q

where does asfarviridae replicate

A

in cytoplasm like pox virus

asfarviridae- large, enveloped (lipid envelope, icosahedral capsid, 2nd lipid membrane), ds DNA virus (class I),very stable in environement, replicate in cytoplasm like pox virus

146
Q

2 life cycles of African swine fever virus

A

sylvatic cycle - pig→tick→wild boar →pig

domestic cyle
pig to pig

asfarviridae- large, enveloped (lipid envelope, icosahedral capsid, 2nd lipid membrane), ds DNA virus (class I),very stable in environement, replicate in cytoplasm like pox virus

147
Q

sylvatic transmission of african swine fever

A

asfarviridae- large, enveloped (lipid envelope, icosahedral capsid, 2nd lipid membrane), ds DNA virus (class I),very stable in environement, replicate in cytoplasm like pox virus

148
Q

human circoviruses

A

TT virus
TTlike Mini Virus- TLMV
>70% population, asymptomatic

Fall 22: micro (25 decks)

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