T5: Development into Adolescence

Question 1

Attachments

Answer 1

strong emotional relationship between child and primary caregiver.
well formed attachment needs: sensitivity, responsiveness

Question 2

Harlow’s Monkeys

Answer 2

1950s theory of maternal-infant attachment said it was just a means for the child to get food. this experiment proved that comfort is also sought out. (removed baby monkeys from their mothers and gave two choices for new mothers: cloth or wire with food, cloth was chosen more often)

Question 3

Parenting Styles

Answer 3

over-arching, general strategies that parents use to influence the affects, behaviors, and cognition of their children. based off of degree of control and responsiveness that parents have toward children.

Question 4

Permissive-Neglective

Answer 4

low control, low responsiveness (no rules, doesn’t care)

Question 5

Permissive-Indulgent

Answer 5

low control, high responsiveness (no rules, wants to be your friend)

Question 6

Authoritarian

Answer 6

high control, low responsiveness (many rules, but won’t explain them or give reasoning)

Question 7

Authoratative

Answer 7

high control, high responsiveness (many rules, but wants you to understand them and be willing to follow them)

Question 8

Adolescence

Answer 8

period of transition from the dependence of childhood to the independence of adulthood
-physical maturation, identity formation

Question 9

Puberty

Answer 9

having sexual maturation and an ability to reproduce.
-growth spurt, sexual maturation

Question 10

growth spurt

Answer 10

happens earlier for girls than boys, but boys are averagely taller than girls are

Question 11

sexual maturation in girls

Answer 11

release of estrogen stimulates development of female secondary sex characteristics.
-menarche

Question 12

menarche

Answer 12

a first period

Question 13

sexual maturation in boys

Answer 13

release of androgen stimulates release of male secondary sexual characteristics.
-live sperm appear in semen.

Question 14

early maturation in girls

Answer 14

age of menarche is decreasing due to obesity and weight gain, exposure to chemicals, exposure to artificial light, family relationships, and role of the father.

Question 15

Erik Erikson

Answer 15

proposed staged theory of development. each stage focuses on a psychosocial crisis that needs to be resolved.

Question 16

identity crisis

Answer 16

struggle to define a sense of self, what to do in life, and what one’s attitudes, beliefs, and values should be.

Question 17

Erikson’s crisis stages

Answer 17

0-1.5: trust vs mistrust
1.5-3: autonomy vs self doubt
3-6: initiative vs guilt
6-puberty: competence vs inferiority
Adolescent: identity vs role confusion
young adult: intimacy vs isolation
middle adult: generativity vs stagnation
late adult: ego-integrity vs despair

Question 18

Adulthood

Answer 18

changes are less dramatic than adolescence.

Question 19

maturity principle

Answer 19

people become more dominant, agreeable, conscientious, and emotionally stable over the course of their lives.

Question 20

stages of adulthood

Answer 20

early: 18-45
middle: 45-65
late: 65+

Question 21

role conflict

Answer 21

having many roles

Question 22

role strain

Answer 22

not being able to fill all of your roles at the same time/

Question 23

Kubler-Ross

Answer 23

suggests 5 stages of death (+grief): denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.