T2: Endocrine System / Nature vs Nurture

Question 1

Endocrine System

Answer 1

set of glands that release hormones into the blood

hypothalamus -> pituitary gland -> everything else in the system

Question 2

Pituitary Gland

Answer 2

master gland of the endocrine system, regulates everything within it.

Question 3

Adrenal Gland

Answer 3

Sympathetic nervous system, triggers fight or flight responses.

Question 4

Nature Nurture Debate

Answer 4

genetic or from experience? how much of both?

Question 5

Critical periods

Answer 5

Periods in which things must develop or they will not work. Ex: animals born with their eyes shut must open them at a certain period or they will never see.

Question 6

Tryon experiment

Answer 6

selective breeding of “maze-dull” and “maze-bright” rats, cross-fostered.
concluded: genes influence development of behavior.
(pro eugenics)

Question 7

Cooper and Zubek experiment

Answer 7

redid tryon’s with impoverished vs enriched environments (socialization).
concluded: environment influences behavior.
(anti eugenics)

Question 8

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Answer 8

condition in which the body can’t break down an amino acid (phenylalanine).
no treatment: phenylalanine builds up in the blood and causes health problems, including intellectual disability.
treatment: a special diet without phenylalanine, “normal” healthy life.

Question 9

Epigenetics

Answer 9

Study of heritable changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA.